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    Design of Beams

    Uploaded by

    Jesselle Celestial
    The document summarizes the design of a roof beam using LRFD and ASD methods. Under LRFD, a W16x31 beam is selected to support the calculated maximum factored loads. Compression, shear, and deflection checks show the beam is adequate. For ASD, a W12x79 beam is selected to resist the maximum allowable loads, and checks for strength and serviceability are satisfied.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Design of Beams

    Uploaded by

    Jesselle Celestial
    31 views13 pages
    The document summarizes the design of a roof beam using LRFD and ASD methods. Under LRFD, a W16x31 beam is selected to support the calculated maximum factored loads. Compression, shear, and deflection checks show the beam is adequate. For ASD, a W12x79 beam is selected to resist the maximum allowable loads, and checks for strength and serviceability are satisfied.

    Original Title

    DESIGN OF BEAMS

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    The document summarizes the design of a roof beam using LRFD and ASD methods. Under LRFD, a W16x31 beam is selected to support the calculated maximum factored loads. Compression, shear, and deflection checks show the beam is adequate. For ASD, a W12x79 beam is selected to resist the maximum allowable loads, and checks for strength and serviceability are satisfied.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    31 views13 pages

    Design of Beams

    Uploaded by

    Jesselle Celestial
    The document summarizes the design of a roof beam using LRFD and ASD methods. Under LRFD, a W16x31 beam is selected to support the calculated maximum factored loads. Compression, shear, and deflection checks show the beam is adequate. For ASD, a W12x79 beam is selected to resist the maximum allowable loads, and checks for strength and serviceability are satisfied.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    DESIGN OF BEAMS

    LRFD SOLUTION:
    Maximum Mu= 201.472 Kn/m or 13.805 kips/ft
    Mu= 1061.503 kN- m or 782.893 kips.ft
    Wu = 116.976 kN/m or 8.016 kips/ft
    Wu = 84.496 kN/m or 5.790 kips/ft

    Assume Compact Section


    Mn=Mp
    ∅ Mn=∅ Mp=∅ FyZx ≥ Mu
    Mu
    Zx=
    0.9 Fy

    12∈ ¿
    1 ft
    Zx=782.893 kips. ft × ¿
    0.9(50 ksi)

    Zx=208.771i n3

    Try W21× 101


    Properties of W21× 101
    Zx= 253 in³ bf= 12.3 in
    d=21.4 in tf= 0.8 in
    tw= 0.5 in Ix= 2420 ¿ 4
    h/tw= 37.5 in

    Check for Compaction


    bf E
    2tf
    ≤ 0.38
    √
    Fy

    12.3∈ ¿ ¿
    2¿¿
    7.688 ≤ 9.15Therefore , flangeis compact .
    h E
    tw
    ≤3.76
    Fy √
    29000 ksi
    37.5∈≤3.76
    √ 50 ksi
    37.5∈≤ 90.55Therefore , web is compact .

    ∅ Mn> Mu
    ∅ FyZx> Mu

    0.9 (50 ksi ) ( 253 i n3 )


    > 782.843 kip−ft
    12
    948.75 kips−ft >782.843 kip−ft

    Therefore, safe for flexure.

    For Shear
    ∅ Vn> Vu
    ∅ (0.6)(Fy)( Aw)(Cv)>Vu
    ∅ ( 0.6 ) ( Fy ) ( d )( tw ) ( Cv ) >Vu+Vu

    h E
    tw
    ≤2.24
    Fy √
    29000 ksi
    37.5 ≤2.24
    √ 50 ksi
    37.5 ≤53.95
    Therefore Cv=1.0 , ∅=1.0 , Ω=1.5
    ∅ Vn=( 1.0 ) ( 0.6 ) ( 50 ksi ) ¿
    ∅ Vn=321 kips

    Vu+Vu; 7 m ≈ 22.967 ft
    WuL WuL
    +
    2 4

    kips kips
    ¿
    (8.016
    ft
    +
    (
    )(22.967 ft) 5.790
    ft )
    (22.967 ft)

    2 4
    ¿ 125.290 kips

    ∅ Vn> Vu
    321 kips>125.290 kips

    Therefore, safe for shear.

    For Deflection
    L
    ≥ γ+γ
    360

    L 5Wu L4 Wu L4
    ≥ +
    240 384 EIx 120 EIx
    kips 1 kips 1
    22.966(12)
    ≥
    (
    5 8.016
    ft
    ×
    12 ) (
    ( 22.966 ft × 12 )4 5.790
    +
    ft
    ×
    12 )
    ( 22.966 ft × 12 )4

    240 384 ( 29000 ksi ) (2420 ¿4 ) 120 ( 29000 ksi ) (2420 ¿4 )


    0.765 ≥ 0.715+0.330
    1.14 ≥ 1.1045 Therefore, safe for deflection.

    Use W21 × 101.

    ASD SOLUTION:
    Max. Wu = 152.26 kN/m ≈ 10.433 kips/ft
    Max. Wu = 86.28 kN/m ≈ 5.912kips/ft
    Max. Wu = 65.98 kN/m ≈ 4.521 kips/ft
    For Ma:
    WuL 2 WuL2
    Ma= +
    8 12

    (86.28 kN /m)(7 m)2


    Ma= +¿ ¿
    8

    Ma=588.465 kN −m≈ 434.007 kips−ft

    Assume Compact Section


    Mn=Mp
    ∅ Mn=∅ Mp=∅ FyZx ≥ Mu
    Ma
    Zx=
    0.6 Fy

    12∈ ¿
    1 ft
    Zx=434.007 kips . ft × ¿
    0.6(50 ksi)

    Zx=173.603i n3

    Try W21 × 101


    Try W21× 101
    Properties of W21× 101
    Zx= 253 in³ bf= 12.3 in
    d=21.4 in tf= 0.8 in
    tw= 0.5 in Ix= 2420 ¿ 4
    h/tw= 37.5 in
    Check for Compaction
    bf E
    2tf
    ≤ 0.38
    √
    Fy

    12.3∈ ¿ ¿
    2¿¿
    7.688 ≤ 9.15Therefore , flangeis compact .
    h E
    tw
    ≤3.76
    Fy √
    29000 ksi
    37.5∈≤3.76
    √ 50 ksi
    37.5∈≤ 90.55Therefore , web is compact .

    ∅ Mn> Ma
    ∅ FyZx> Ma

    0.6 ( 50 ksi ) ( 253i n3 )


    >434.007 kip−ft
    12
    632.5 kips−ft > 434.007 kip−ft

    Therefore, safe for flexure.

    For Shear
    ΩVn >Va
    Ω(0.6)( Fy )(Aw)(Cv)>Va
    Ω ( 0.6 ) ( Fy ) ( d ) ( tw ) ( Cv )>Va+ Va

    h E
    tw
    ≤2.24
    Fy √
    29000 ksi
    37.5 ≤2.24
    √ 50 ksi
    37.5 ≤53.95
    Therefore Cv=1.0 , ∅=1.0 , Ω=1.5

    ΩVn=( 0.6 ) ( 1.51 ) (50 ksi ) ¿


    ΩVn=214 kips

    Vu+Vu; 7 m ≈ 22.967 ft
    WuL WuL
    +
    2 4

    kips kips
    ¿
    (5.912
    ft (
    )(22.967 ft ) 4.521
    +
    ft )
    (22.967 ft )

    2 4
    Vu=93.849 kips

    ΩVn >Vu
    214 kips> 93.849 kips

    Therefore, safe for shear.

    For Deflection
    L
    ≥ γ+γ
    360

    L 5Wu L4 Wu L4
    ≥ +
    240 384 EIx 120 EIx
    kips 1 kips 1
    22.966(12)
    ≥
    (
    5 8.016
    ft
    ×
    12 ) +
    (
    ( 22.966 ft × 12 )4 5.790
    ft
    ×
    12 )
    ( 22.966 ft × 12 )4

    240 384 ( 29000 ksi ) (2420 ¿4 ) 120 ( 29000 ksi ) (2420 ¿4 )


    0.765 ≥ 0.715+0.330
    1.14 ≥ 1.1045 Therefore, safe for deflection.

    Use W21 × 101.


    Design of Roof Beams

    Maximum Loadings of Roof Beam


    DL = 0.40733 kN/m² × 7m = 2.85131 kN/m
    WL =1.8 kN/m² × 7m = 12.6 kN/m
    LL= 1 Kn/m × 7m= 7 kN/m

    LRFD SOLUTION:
    Wu=1.2 DL+1.6 LR+0.5 W
    kN 7 kN kN
    Wu=1.2(2.85131 )+1.6( )+ 0.5(12.6 )
    M m m
    kN
    Wu=20.921 ≈ 1.434 kips / ft
    m
    kN
    2 20.921 (7 m ) 2
    Wu L m
    Maximum Mu= = =128.153 kN . m≈ 94.516 kips. ft
    8 8
    ∅ Mn=∅ Mp=∅ FyZx ≥ Mu
    Mu
    Zx= =(94.516 kips. ft )¿ ¿
    0.9 Fy

    Try W16 × 31
    Zx= 54 in³ h/tw= 51.6 in
    bf= 5.53 in Ix= 375 ¿ 4
    tf= 0.44 in
    d= 15.9 in
    tw= 0.275 in

    Check for Compaction


    bf E
    2tf
    ≤ 0.38
    √
    Fy

    5.53∈.4
    2¿ ¿
    6.284 ≤ 9.15
    Therefore, flange is compact.

    h 29000
    tw
    ≤3.76
    √50
    51.6 ≤ 90.55
    Therefore, web is compact.

    ∅ Mn> Mu
    ∅ FyZx> Mu
    0.9 (50 ksi ) (54 in 3)
    > 94.516 kips−ft
    12
    202.5>94.516
    Therefore, safe for flexure.

    For Shear
    ∅ Vn> Vu
    0.6 FyAwCv >Vu
    WuL
    0.6 Fy ( d ) (tw )(Cv)>
    2

    h E
    tw
    ≤2.24
    Fy √
    29000 ksi
    51.6 ≤ 2.24
    √ 50 ksi
    51.6 ≤53.95
    Therefore, Cv= 1.0, ∅ = 1.0, Ω = 1.5

    ∅ Vn=( 1.0 ) ( 0.6 ) ( 50 ksi ) ¿


    ∅ Vn=131.175
    WuL
    Vu=
    2
    kips
    Vu=
    ( 1.434
    ft )
    (22.967 ft )

    2
    Vu=16.47
    ∅ Vn> Vu
    131.175>16.47
    Therefore, safe for shear.
    For Deflection
    L
    ≥γ
    360

    22.967 ft 5 Wu L4
    ≥
    240 384 EIx
    kips 1
    5(1.434 × )(22.967 ft ×12)4
    22.967(12) ft 12
    ≥
    240 384 (29000 ksi)¿ ¿
    1.14835 ≥ 0.82550
    Therefore, safe for deflection.

    Use W16 ×31

    ASD SOLUTION:

    Maximum Loadings of Roof Beam


    DL = 0.40733 kN/m² × 7m = 2.85131 kN/m
    WL =1.8 kN/m² × 7m = 12.6 kN/m
    LL= 1 Kn/m × 7m= 7 kN/m

    Wu=DL+ 0.75( LR ( 0.6 WL ))

    kN 7 kN 12.6 kN
    (
    Wu= 2.85131
    M )
    + 0.75[(
    m
    )( 0.6)(
    m
    )]

    kN
    Wu=42.541 ≈2.915 kips /ft
    m

    kN
    2 42.451 ( 7 m )2
    Wu L m
    Maximum Ma= = =260.012kN . m ≈191.775 kips . ft
    8 8
    ∅ Mn=∅ Mp=∅ FyZx ≥ Ma
    Ma
    Zx= =(191.775 kips . ft ) ¿¿
    0.6 Fy

    Try W12 ×79


    Zx= 119 in³ h/tw= 20.7 in
    bf= 12.1 in Ix= 662 ¿ 4
    tf= 0.735 in
    d= 12.4n
    tw= 0.47 in

    Check for Compaction


    bf E
    2tf
    ≤ 0.38
    √
    Fy

    12.1¿ 4
    2 ¿¿
    8.23 ≤ 9.15
    Therefore, flange is compact.

    h 29000
    tw
    ≤3.76
    √50
    20.7 ≤ 90.55
    Therefore, web is compact.

    ∅ Mn> Ma
    ∅ FyZx> Ma

    0.6 ( 50 ksi ) (119 i n3)


    >191.775 kips−ft
    12
    297.5>191.775
    Therefore, safe for flexure.
    For Shear
    ∅ Vn> Vu
    0.6 FyAwCv >Vu
    WuL
    0.6 Fy ( d ) (tw )(Cv)>
    2

    h E
    tw
    ≤2.24
    Fy √
    29000 ksi
    20.7 ≤ 2.24
    √ 50 ksi
    20.7 ≤ 53.95
    Therefore, Cv= 1.0, ∅ = 1.0, Ω = 1.5

    ∅ Vn=( 1/1.5 ) ( 0.6 ) (50 ksi ) ¿


    ∅ Vn=116.56
    WuL
    Vu=
    2
    ( 2.915 kips/ft ) (22.967 ft )
    Vu=
    2
    Vu=33.474
    ∅ Vn> Vu
    116.56> 33.474
    Therefore, safe for shear.

    For Deflection
    L
    ≥γ
    360

    22.967 ft 5 Wu L4
    ≥
    360 384 EIx
    kips
    5(2.915 )(22.967 ft )4
    22.967 ft ft
    ≥
    360 384 (29000 ksi)¿ ¿
    1.14 ≥ 1.012
    Therefore, safe for deflection.

    Therefore, use W 12 × 79

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