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Hydraulic Questions

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Assume any missing or additional data.

Q1:
In the hydraulic circuit in Figure below, the directly operated counterbalance valve is set
at 40 bar.
a. What does the gage read when the platen is not moving and is being suspended in
mid-stroke?
b. What does the gage read when the platen is approaching the material to be pressed?
c. Assume that the system relief valve is set for 70 bar and that the movement of the
cylinder rod is severely restricted once the platen contacts the material to be
crushed. What is the maximum pressing force if the platen moves through the
material during the pressing operation?

Q2:
Two double acting pneumatic cylinders are used to push product from a vertical stack into
a conveyor belt then into a container as shown in the Figure below. Design (determine the
cylinders dimensions) and draw the pneumatic circuit that will continuously remove
product from the stack and fulfill the following requirements:

a. Use only one air supply unit for all components.


b. In the active stroke, Cylinder A has to move first. Cylinder B starts to move with
normal speed only when Cylinder A reaches the end of its travel.
c. The extending speed of Cylinder B should be 70% of that of Cylinder A.
d. Both cylinders should be able to retract together at the same time. The pressure
needed for Cylinder A to retract is 8 bar and that for Cylinder B is 6 bar.
e. Conveyor belt has two actuators both of them should be able to rotate together at
the same time.
f. Install a safety circuit to prevent damage to system and injury to operating and
maintenance personnel.
Q3:
A single acting up stroking molding press has a cylinder diameter of 400 mm, a stroke of
250 mm of which 225 mm is to close the dies onto the work piece at a cylinder pressure of
20 bar. The final 25 mm stroke is to be at a cylinder pressure of 350 bar. The press is to
produce 60 components per hour. The breakdown of the required maximum operating time
is:
• Rapid approach 225 mm = 5 seconds
• Pressing over final 25 mm = 5 seconds
• Cure time (i.e. hold under full thrust) = 25 seconds
• Return time = 10 seconds
• Unload and reload press = 15 seconds
• Total cycle time = 60 seconds
The return time is estimated for gravity return. The only times which are absolutely fixed
are the cure and the loads times. Draw the hydraulic circuit for the system and calculate
the overall system efficiency.

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