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    Chronic Kidney Disease Is On The Rise: Abraham Haileamlak, MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Child Health

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    Chronic Kidney Disease is increasing worldwide due to rising noncommunicable diseases and risk factors. It affects approximately 10% of the adult population globally and is a leading cause of death. In low and middle income countries like Ethiopia, CKD burden is growing due to conditions like diabetes and hypertension, however access to renal replacement therapy is limited by inadequate resources and high costs. Prevention and treatment of risk factors, early detection of glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis, and increasing access to renal replacement therapy are needed to reduce the CKD burden in these countries.

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    Chronic Kidney Disease Is On The Rise: Abraham Haileamlak, MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Child Health

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    sharan
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    Chronic Kidney Disease is increasing worldwide due to rising noncommunicable diseases and risk factors. It affects approximately 10% of the adult population globally and is a leading cause of death. In low and middle income countries like Ethiopia, CKD burden is growing due to conditions like diabetes and hypertension, however access to renal replacement therapy is limited by inadequate resources and high costs. Prevention and treatment of risk factors, early detection of glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis, and increasing access to renal replacement therapy are needed to reduce the CKD burden in these countries.

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    Chronic Kidney Disease is increasing worldwide due to rising noncommunicable diseases and risk factors. It affects approximately 10% of the adult population globally and is a leading cause of death. In low and middle income countries like Ethiopia, CKD burden is growing due to conditions like diabetes and hypertension, however access to renal replacement therapy is limited by inadequate resources and high costs. Prevention and treatment of risk factors, early detection of glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis, and increasing access to renal replacement therapy are needed to reduce the CKD burden in these countries.

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    17 views2 pages

    Chronic Kidney Disease Is On The Rise: Abraham Haileamlak, MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Child Health

    Uploaded by

    sharan
    Chronic Kidney Disease is increasing worldwide due to rising noncommunicable diseases and risk factors. It affects approximately 10% of the adult population globally and is a leading cause of death. In low and middle income countries like Ethiopia, CKD burden is growing due to conditions like diabetes and hypertension, however access to renal replacement therapy is limited by inadequate resources and high costs. Prevention and treatment of risk factors, early detection of glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis, and increasing access to renal replacement therapy are needed to reduce the CKD burden in these countries.

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    Chronic Kidney Disease… Abraham H.

    681

    EDITORIAL
    Chronic Kidney Disease is on the Rise
    Abraham Haileamlak, MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Child Health
    Because of the increasing noncommunicable independently associated with premature
    diseases (NCDs) and other risk factors, the mortality (5-7). It is within the top 20 causes of
    burden of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is death worldwide (1).
    increasing worldwide. Chronic kidney disease In Ethiopia, as a consequence of post
    affects approximately 10% of the world’s adult infectious glomerular conditions and with ever
    population (1). Several conditions such as increasing NCDs like diabetes mellitus and
    diabetes, hypertension, vascular disease and hypertension, the number of patients with CKD is
    glomerulonephritis are known to cause Chronic increasing. However, the preparedness in
    Renal Disease. In low-income countries, besides facilities, availability of supplies and the cost
    the above known causes, glomerulonephritis and made RRT difficult.
    interstitial nephritis are the cause for most cases Although renal replacement therapy
    of chronic kidney disease because of the high (RRT) has been available for decades in high-
    prevalence of infections. In Africa, Streptococcal income countries, it remained as luxury in many
    infections, hepatitis B and C viruses and HIV are low and middle-income countries. In these
    important causes of CKD (2). Despite these countries, most people with kidney failure have
    conditions, which are known to induce CKD, the insufficient access to lifesaving dialysis and renal
    etiology of CKD remains uncertain in most transplantation (8,9). Globally, less than half of
    affected individuals, which deters research about those people requiring RRT have access to
    how to prevent, mitigate, and cure CKD. treatment (9). The costs for treating CKD and its
    Knowledge on the mechanisms leading to complications are unaffordable for governments
    progressive loss of kidney function and its and individuals in many parts of the world.
    complications is also inadequate. In low and middle-income countries, it is
    Although CKD affects all age groups and therefore, imperative that the focus be turned to
    sexes, it is more prevalent in aged individuals. It the prevention of known risk factors of CKD, and
    is estimated that the worldwide prevalence to be the slowing of the progression of the early stages
    23-36% in people aged ≥64 (3). It is a worldwide of CKD to end stage renal disease with its serious
    public health problem and is associated with and costly complications. Besides preventing and
    impaired quality of life and substantially reduced controlling NCDs, early detection and treatment
    life expectancy at all ages. It is also associated of glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis
    with excess risk for cardiovascular disease and could help to minimize the burden of CKD.
    other conditions such as diabetes, infection, and While focusing on prevention, countries need to
    cancer (4). work on establishment of renal replacement
    The concern is that the greatest burden of therapy. A sufficient amount of time would also
    CKD will be borne by low-income countries like need to elapse since an intermediate endpoint
    sub-Saharan Africa, where there are usually scant such as CKD was prevented, before one would
    resources available to deal with the problem (2). expect to see a reduction in subsequent
    It has been generally accepted in the medical attributable deaths.
    literature and the community that CKD is

    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v28i6.1
    682 Ethiop J Health Sci. Vol. 28, No. 6 November 2018

    Nations with emerging economies urgently need of death, cardiovascular events, and
    comparative effectiveness research that leads to hospitalization. N Engl J Med, 2004;351:
    solutions for early diagnosis and successful 1296–1305.
    interventions. 7. Ruilope LM, Salvetti A, Jamerson K,
    The current issue of the journal, the six Hansson L, Warnold I, et al. Renal function
    regular issue for the year 2018, contains an and intensive lowering of blood pressure in
    editorial, thirteen original articles, a review and a hypertensive participants of the hypertension
    case report focusing on various topics. One of the optimal treatment (HOT) study. J Am Soc
    original articles deals with chronic kidney disease Nephrol, 2001;12: 218–225.
    in northwest Ethiopia. 8. Liyanage T, Ninomiya T, Jha V, et al.
    I invite readers to read through these Worldwide access to treatment for end-stage
    articles and appreciate or utilize the contents. I kidney disease: a systematic review. Lancet,
    also urge readers to forward comments and 2015;385: 1975–82.
    suggestions to the editor or the corresponding 9. Jha V, Garcia-Garcia G, Iseki K, et al.
    authors. Chronic kidney disease: global dimension
    and perspectives. Lancet, 2013; 382: 260-72.
    REFERENCES
    1. GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and
    Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional,
    and national incidence, prevalence, and years
    lived with disability for 310 diseases and
    injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for
    the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.
    Lancet, 2016;388(10053):1545.
    2. Barsoum RS. Chronic kidney disease in the
    developing world. N Engl J Med,
    2006;354(10):997-9.
    3. Zhang QL, Rothenbacher D. Prevalence
    of chronic kidney disease in population-
    based studies: systematic review. BMC
    Public Health, 2008;8: 117.
    4. Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis
    Consortium, Matsushita K, van der Velde M,
    et al. Association of estimated glomerular
    filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause
    and cardiovascular mortality: a collaborative
    meta-analysis. Lancet, 2010; 375: 2073–81.
    5. NKF. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for
    chronic kidney disease: evaluation,
    classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney
    Dis, 2002;39: S1–266.
    6. Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE,
    Hsu CY. Chronic kidney disease and the risks

    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v28i6.1

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