6/2/2020 Analog Communication - DSBSC Modulators - Tutorialspoint

Analog Communication - DSBSC Modulators

In this chapter, let us discuss about the modulators, which generate DSBSC wave. The following two modulators
generate DSBSC wave.
Balanced modulator
Ring modulator

Balanced Modulator

Following is the block diagram of the Balanced modulator.

Balanced modulator consists of two identical AM modulators. These two modulators are arranged in a balanced
configuration in order to suppress the carrier signal. Hence, it is called as Balanced modulator.

The same carrier signal c

c((t
t)) =
= A
Ac cos(2πf c t
c cos(2πfc t)) is applied as one of the inputs to these two AM modulators.

The modulating signal m

m((t
t)) is applied as another input to the upper AM modulator. Whereas, the modulating

signal m
m((t
t)) with opposite polarity, i.e., −
−mm(
(tt)
) is applied as another input to the lower AM modulator.

Output of the upper AM modulator is

s
s1 (t) = A c [[1
1 (t) = Ac 1++k
ka m (t)] cos(2πf c t
a m (t)] cos(2πfc t))

Output of the lower AM modulator is

s
s2 (t) = Ac
2 (t) = A
[1 − ka
c [1 − k
m (t)] cos(2π fc
a m (t)] cos(2πf
t)
c t)

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We get the DSBSC wave s

s((t
t)) by subtracting s
s2 (t)
2 (t)
from s
s1 (t)
1 (t)
. The summer block is used to perform

this operation. s
s1 (t)
1 (t)
with positive sign and s
s2 (t)
2 (t)
with negative sign are applied as inputs to summer

block. Thus, the summer block produces an output s

s((t
t)) which is the difference of s
s1 (t)
1 (t)
and s
s2 (t)
2 (t)
.

⇒
⇒ s
s((t
t)) =
= A
Ac [1 + k am
c [1 + ka m((t
t))]] cos
cos((2
2ππf
fc t) − A c [[1
c t) − Ac 1−−k
ka m (t)] cos(2πf c t
a m (t)] cos(2πfc t))

⇒
⇒ s
s((t
t)) =
= A
Ac cos(2π fc
c cos(2πf
t) + Ac
c t) + A ck
ka m (t) cos(2π fc
a m (t) cos(2πf
t) − Ac
c t) − A
cos(2π fc
c cos(2πf
t)+
c t)+

A
Ac k am
c ka
m(
(tt)
) cos
cos((2
2ππf
fcc
t
t))

⇒
⇒ s
s((t
t)) =
= 2
2AAc k am
m((t
t)) cos
cos((2
2ππf t
t))
c ka fcc

We know the standard equation of DSBSC wave is

s
s((t
t)) =
= A
Ac m (t) cos(2πf c t
c m (t) cos(2πfc t))

By comparing the output of summer block with the standard equation of DSBSC wave, we will get the scaling
factor as 2
2kka
a

Ring Modulator
Following is the block diagram of the Ring modulator.

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In this diagram, the four diodes D

D11
, D
D22
, D
D33
and D
D44
are connected in the ring structure. Hence, this

modulator is called as the ring modulator. Two center tapped transformers are used in this diagram. The

message signal m
m((t
t)) is applied to the input transformer. Whereas, the carrier signals c
c((t
t)) is applied

between the two center tapped transformers.

For positive half cycle of the carrier signal, the diodes D

D11
and D
D33
are switched ON and the other two

diodes D
D22
and D
D44
are switched OFF. In this case, the message signal is multiplied by +1.

For negative half cycle of the carrier signal, the diodes D

D22
and D
D44
are switched ON and the other two

diodes D
D11
and D
D33
are switched OFF. In this case, the message signal is multiplied by -1. This results in

180
180
0
0
phase shift in the resulting DSBSC wave.

From the above analysis, we can say that the four diodes D
D11
, D
D22
, D
D33
and D
D44
are controlled by the

carrier signal. If the carrier is a square wave, then the Fourier series representation of c
c((t
t)) is represented as

∞
∞ n
n−−1
1
4
4 (
(−−1
1))
c
c((t
t)) =
= ∑
∑ cos
cos[[2
2ππf
fc t (2n − 1)]
c t (2n − 1)]
π
π 2
2nn−
−11
n
n==1
1

We will get DSBSC wave s

s((t
t)) , which is just the product of the carrier signal c
c((t
t)) and the message signal

m
m((t
t)) i.e.,

∞
∞ n
n−−1
1
4
4 (
(−−1
1))
s
s((t
t)) =
= ∑
∑ cos
cos[[2
2ππf
fc t (2n − 1)]m (t)
c t (2n − 1)]m (t)
π
π 2
2nn−
−11
n
n==1
1

The above equation represents DSBSC wave, which is obtained at the output transformer of the ring modulator.
DSBSC modulators are also called as product modulators as they produce the output, which is the product of
two input signals.

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