MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila

CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

Telephone Number: (02) 516-7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-9967 (Cebu)

Review MODULE – MATHEMATICS (Trigonometry)

ANGLE MEASUREMENT
THE SINUSOIDAL WAVE
A. Sexagesimal system - fundamental unit of angle
measurement. ”sexagesimus”
B. Centesimal system – the right angle is divided into 100 parts (grade),
the grade divided into 100 parts (minutes) and the minute divided into
100 parts (seconds)
C. Circular/Natural system - angle which, when placed with its vertex at
the center of a circle, intercepts an arc equal in length to the radius of
the circle.
1 revolution = 2π radians (r) = 360 degrees (º)
= 400 grads (g) = 6400 mils (m)

For the function/s

COMPLEMENTARY – Sum is 90°
SUPPLEMENTARY – Sum is 180° y = A sin Bx + C + D
EXPLEMENTARY/CONJUGATE – Sum is 360° OR y = A cos Bx + C + D

OTHER TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS RIGHT TRIANGLE

NAME ABBREV. VALUE (PYTHAGOREAN TRIANGLE)
Versed sine, versine
versin θ
1 − cos θ r2 = x2 + y2
vers θ
vercosin θ
x = r cos θ
Versed cosine, vercosine 1 + cos θ
vercos θ y = r sin θ
coversin θ
Coversed sine, coversine 1 − sin θ
covers θ OBLIQUE TRIANGLES
Coversed cosine, covercosine
covercosin θ
1 + sin θ (NO RIGHT ANGLE)
covercos θ
SINE LAW
haversin θ 1 − cos θ a b c
Half versed sine, haversine
hav θ 2 = =
sin A sin B sin C
havercosin θ 1 + cos θ
Half versed cosine, havercosine
havercos θ 2 COSINE LAW
hacoversine θ 1 − sin θ
Half coversed sine, hacoversine, a2 = b2 + c2 − 2bc cos A
hacovers θ 2
b2 = a2 + c2 − 2ac cos B
hacovercosin θ 1 + sin θ
Half coversed cosine, hacovercosine, c2 = a2 + b2 − 2ab cos C
hacovercos θ 2
Exterior secant, exsecant exsec θ sec θ − 1
SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY
excosec θ
Exterior cosecant, excosecant csc θ − 1 SINE LAW
excsc θ
Chord crd θ 2 sin θ 2 sin a sin b sin c
= =
sin A sin B sin C
TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
PYTHAGOREAN IDENTITIES
cos2 θ + sin2 θ = 1 COSINE LAW FOR ANGLES
1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ cos A =− cos B cos C + sin B sin C cos a
cot2 θ + 1 = csc2 θ cos B =− cos A cos C + sin A sin C cos b
SUM AND DIFFERENCE IDENTITIES cos C =− cos A cos B + sin A sin B cos c
sin (α ± β) = sin α cos β ± cos α sin β
COSINE LAW FOR SIDES
cos (α ± β) = cos α cos β ∓ sin α sin β
tan α ± tan β cos a = cos b cos c + sin b sin c cos A
tan (α ± β) = cos b = cos a cos c + sin a sin c cos B
1 ∓ tan α tan β
DOUBLE ANGLE IDENTITIES cos c = cos a cos b + sin a sin b cos C
sin 2θ = 2 sin θ cos θ AREA OF SPHERICAL TRIANGLE SPHERICAL EXCESS
cos 2θ = cos2 θ − sin2 θ πR2E
2 tan θ A= E = A + B + C − 180
tan 2θ = 180
1 − tan2 θ
Parity VOLUME OF A SPHERICAL PYRAMID
π R3 E
ᆨወ − =− ᆨወ =− ( ) V = 1 3 Ah =
540°
㴯 − = 㴯 㹓 − = 㹓 ( ) 1 Nautical mile = 6080 feet
㹓ወ − =− 㹓ወ( ) 㴯 − =− 㴯 ( ) 1 Statute mile = 5280 feet
1 min (0°01’00”) = 1 Nautical mile
Cofunction of Identities:
ᆨወ 䋐 − 㴯 ( ) and vice versa
㹓ወ( 䋐 − ) 㴯 ( ) and vice versa
㹓 ( 䋐− ) ( )
 MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516-7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-9967 (Cebu)

ANGLE MEASUREMENTS, TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

1. What is the equivalent of 630° in the centesimal system? In the ᨘወ ወ֐
1. + =
circular system? −‫ܜ‬ − ᨘ

2. If the cos α = 7/25 and the tan α < 0, what quadrant is the angle A. sin 3θ + cos θ
α located? B. sin 2θ + cos θ
C. ֐ + ⿟
3. Evaluate ( sin + cot ) ( sec + csc ) , when cos θ=4/5
and θ is in fourth quadrant. D. 1 − ֐ 2

4. Angle β is on QIII while angle α is on QI. If cosβ = -4/9 and tan α 2. If ֐⿟ + ֐ = 3, what is the value of ⿟ ֐ ?
= ¼, what is the value of cos(α+β)?
A. 2/3
RIGHT TRIANGLE TRIGONOMETRY B. -1/3
C. -2/3
1. [CE BOARD MAY 2015] Two towers, A and B, are located 48 m D. 1/3
apart. An engineer standing succeeding at their bases observes
that the angle of elevation of the top of tower A is twice that of
Tower B. At a point midway between their bases the angles of 3. Simplify
elevation are complementary. Calculate the height of tower A & 㹓 +
B. A. tan + cot
sec2
OBLIQUE TRIANGLES and MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS B. csc2
C. sec − tan
1. [CE BOARD NOV 2015] Towers A and B are constructed on a
horizontal plane, B being 200 m. above the plane. The angle of D. sec +
elevation of the top of Tower A as seen from point C in the plane
(in the same vertical plane with A and B) is 50˚, while the angle sin x tan y
of depression of C viewed from the top of Tower B is 28˚ and the 4. If x + y = 90˚, what is the value of sin y tan x?
angle subtended at the top of Tower B by the top of Tower A and A. 0 B. 1 C. tan x D. 1 tan
C is 50˚, find the height of A.
WAVE FUNCTIONS
2. [CE BOARD MAY 2015] The angle of elevation of the tower
from A is 35 degrees. From another point B, the angle of SITUATION.
elevation of the top of the tower is 22°. if the distance between A
Given the function y = 3sin 2x − π + 4 identify the following
and B is 300 m and on the same horizontal plane as the foot of
the tower. The horizontal angle subtended by A and B at the foot 1. Amplitude
of the tower is 65°. What is the height of the tower? 2. Period
3. Frequency
3. [CE BOARD MAY 2016] A line is drawn from point M to point N, 4. Phase shift
where M is along the line AB and N is along the line AC of the 5. Vertical shift
triangular lot ABC. If AM:MB = 5:1, and AN:NC = 2:5, what is the
proportion of the area of AMN and ABC?
6. Determine the period, amplitude and phase shift of =
4. [CE BOARD MAY 2017] P is a point on BC of the triangle ABC 10 + 4sin ( − 2 + 5)
such that AB = AC = BP. If PA = PC, find the value of the angle
ABC. Situation:
The current I, in amperes, flowing
5. [CE BOARD NOV 2019] Immediately after Mayon Volcano through an ac (alternating current) circuit at time t is
showed sights of activity, the PHIVOLCS set up stations to
monitor the volcano. Two such stations were located at points A
and B, 7km apart and on the same horizontal plane as the base
of the volcano. From A, the angle of elevation of the top of
Mayon Volcano is 8 degrees. At the height of Mayon Volcano’s 1.) What is the period?
wrath, the vertical smoke emitted from the volcano’s crater 2.) What is the amplitude?
subtended an angle of 64 degrees on each stations A and B. 3.) What is the phase shift?
Assuming the smoke and the two stations are on the same
vertical plane, find the height of the smoke.

6. Given triangle ABC, how many possible triangles can be formed

for the following conditions:
a. BC = 15cm, AC = 7cm, AB = 8cm.
b. BC = 17cm, AC = 12cm, AB = 7cm.
c. BC = 16cm, AC = 26cm, angle A = 50°.
d. AB = 37cm, AC = 26cm, angle B = 32.5°
 MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516-7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-9967 (Cebu)

Situation:
The longest day of the year (in terms of hours of sunlight) occurs on the
day of the summer solstice. For locations in the northern hemisphere, the
summer solstice is the time when the sun is farthest north. The shortest
day of the year occurs on the day of the winter solstice. In 2010, the
summer solstice occurred on June 21 (the 172nd day of the year). In a
certain city the number of hours of sunlight on summers solstice is 15.30
and the number of hours of sunlight on winters solstice is 9.08.

1. Find the sinusoidal function of the form = sin +៷ + .

Wherein y=number of hours of sunlight, and x=nth day of the year.

2. Determine when will be the winter solstice in terms of nth day of the year.

3. Determine the number of hours of sunlight on the 91st day of the year.

According to PAG-ASA, on , July 11, 2019, in Manila Bay, high tide

occurred at 11:30 AM (11.5 hours) and low tide occurred at 5:31 PM
(17.5167 hours).Water heights are measured as the amounts above or
below the mean lower low water. The height of the water at high tide was
1.78 m, and the height of the water at low tide was -0.13m.

1. Find the sinusoidal function of the form = sin +៷ + .

Wherein y= height of water, and x=time of the day from 12:00 AM.

2. Determine when will be the next high tide

SITUATION.
Given the function y = 2 tan 3x + π 4 − 1, identify the following
1. Amplitude
2. Period
3. Frequency
4. Phase shift
5. Vertical shift
6. Determine the equation of asymptote