(CENTRE OF MASS, MOMENTUM & COLLISION)

EXERCISE–I
Q.1 Four particles of mass 5, 3, 2, 4 kg are at the points (1, 6), (-1, 5), (2, -3), (-1, -4). Find the coordinates
of their centre of mass.

Q.2 The linear mass density of a ladder of length l increases uniformly from one end A to the other end B,
(a) Form an expression for linear mass density as a function of distance x from end A where linear mass
density 0. The density at one end being twice that of the other end.
(b) find the position of the centre of mass from end A.

Q.3 The figure shows the positions and velocities of two particles. If the
particles move under the mutual attraction of each other, then find the
position of centre of mass at t = 1 s.

Q.4 Two cars initially at rest are free to move in the x direction. Car A has mass 4 kg and car B has mass
2 kg. They are tied together, compressing a spring in between them. When the spring holding them
together is burned, car A moves off with a speed of 2 m/s
(a) with what speed does car B leave.
(b) how much energy was stored in the spring before it was burned.

Q.5 A 45.0-kg girl is standing on a plank that has a mass of 150 kg. The plank, originally at rest, is free to
slide on a frozen lake, which is a flat, frictionless supporting surface. The girl begins to walk along the
plank at a constant speed of 1.50 m/s relative to the plank. (a) What is her speed relative to the ice
surface? (b) What is the speed of the plank relative to the ice surface?

Q.6 Two balls of equal masses are projected upward simultaneously, one from the ground with speed
50 m/s and other from a 40 m high tower with initial speed 30 m/s. Find the maximum height attained by
their centre of mass.

Q.7 In the arrangement shown in the figure, mA = 2 kg and mB = 1 kg. String

Q.8 Three carts move on a frictionless track with inertias and velocities as shown. The carts collide and stick
together after successive collisions.
(a) Find loss of mechanical energy when B & C stick together.
(b) Find magnitude of impulse experienced by A when it sticks to combined mass (B & C).

Q.9 A body is thrown vertically upwards from ground with a speed of 10 m/s. If coefficient of restitution of
ground, e = 1/2. Find
(a) the total distance travelled by the time it almost stops.
(b) time elapsed (after the ball has been thrown) when it is at its subsequent maximum height for the third time.
Q.10 A sphere A is released from rest in the position shown and strikes the
block B which is at rest. If e = 0.75 between A and B and k = 0.5
between B and the support, determine
(a) the velocity of A just after the impact
(b) the maximum displacement of B after the impact.

Q.11 A small block of mass 2m initially rests at the bottom of a fixed circular,
vertical track, which has a radius of R. The contact surface between the
mass and the loop is frictionless. A bullet of mass m strikes the block
horizontally with initial speed v0 and remain embedded in the block as
the block and the bullet circle the loop. Determine each of the following
in terms of m, v0, R and g.
(a) The speed of the masses immediately after the impact.
(b) The minimum initial speed of the bullet if the block and the bullet are to successfully execute a complete
ride on the loop

Q.12 A spaceship is moving with constant speed v0 in gravity free space along +Y-axis suddenly shoots out
one third of its part with speed 2v0 along + X-axis. Find the speed of the remaining part.

Q.13 A smooth sphere A of mass 0.1 kg is moving with speed 5m/s when it collides head on with another
smooth stationary sphere . If A is brought to rest by the impact and e = ½, find the mass of B, its speed
just after impact and magnitude of impulse during collision.

Q.14 A force F acts on an object (mass = 1 kg) which is initially at rest as shown
in the figure. Draw the graph showing the momentum of the
object varying during the time for which the force acts.

Q.15 A bullet of mass m strikes an obstruction and deviates off at 60° to its original direction. If its speed is
also changed from u to v, find the magnitude of the impulse acting on the bullet.

Q.16 Bullets of mass 10 g each are fired from a machine gun at rate of 60 bullets/minute. The muzzle velocity
of bullets is 100 m/s. The thrust force due to firing bullets experienced by the person holding the gun
stationary is _________.

EXERCISE–II
Q.1 A 24–kg projectile is fired at an angle of 53° above the horizontal with an initial speed of
50 m/s. At the highest point in its trajectory, the projectile explodes into two fragments of equal mass, the
first of which falls vertically with zero initial speed.
(a) How far from the point of firing does the second fragment strike the ground? (Assume the ground is level.)
(b) How much energy was released during the explosion?

Q.2 Two masses A and B connected with an inextensible string of length l lie on a smooth
horizontal plane. A is given a velocity of v m/s along the ground perpendicular to line AB
as shown in figure. Find the tension in string during their subsequent motion
Q.3 The simple pendulum A of mass mA and length l is suspended from the trolley B
of mass mB. If the system is released from rest at  = 0, determine the velocity
vB of the trolley and tension in the string when  = 90°. Friction is negligible.

Q.4 A massive vertical wall is approaching a man at a speed u . When it is at a distance of 10 m, the man
throws a ball with speed 10 m/s at an angle of 37° which after completely elastic rebound reaches back
directly into his hands . Find the velocity u of the wall .

Q.5 Two blocks of mass 2kg and M are at rest on an indiclined plane and
are separated by a distance of 6.0m as shown. The coefficient of friction
between each of the blocks and the inclined plane is 0.25. The 2kg
block is given a velocity of 10.0m/s up the inclined plane. It collides
with M, comes back and has a velocity of 1.0m/s when it reaches its
initial position. The other block M after the collision moves 0.5m up and
comes to rest. Calculate the coefficient of restitution between the blocks and the mass of the block M.
[Take sin tan = 0.05 and g = 10m/s2] [IIT 99]

Q.6 A stream of particles each of mass m moving with velocity v with number of particles per unit volume n
strike against a wall at an angle  to the normal elastically. Find the pressure exerted by the stream on the
wall.

Q.7 A ball with initial speed of 10m/s collides elastically with two other identical ball
whose centres are on a line perpendicular to the initial velocity and which are
initially in contact with each other. All the three ball are lying on a smooth horizontal
table. The first ball is aimed directly at the contact point of the other two balls All
the balls are smooth. Find the velocities of the three balls after the
10m/s
collision.

Q.8 Two equal spheres of mass m’ are suspended by vertical strings so that they are in
contact with their centers at same level. A third equal spheres of mass m falls vertically
and strikes elastically the other two simultaneously so that their centres at the instant of
impact form an equilateral triangle in a vertical plane. If u is the velocity of m just before
impact, find the velocities just after impact and the impulse of tension of the strings.

Q.9 Two particles, each of mass m, are connected by a light inextensible string of length 2l. Initially they lie
on a smooth horizontal table at points A and B distant l apart. The particle at A is projected across the
table with velocity u. Find the speed with which the second particle begins to move if the direction of u
is, (a) along BA, (b) at an angle of 1200 with AB, (c) perpendicular to AB. In each case calculate (in
terms of m and u) the impulse of tension in the string.

Q.10 Mass m1 hits & sticks with m2 while sliding horizontally with velocity v along the common line of centres of the
three equal masses (m1 = m2 = m3 = m). Initially masses m2 and m3 are stationary and the spring is unstretched.
Find
(a) the velocities of m1, m2 and m3 immediately after impact.
(b) the maximum kinetic energy of m3.
(c) the minimum kinetic energy of m2.
(d) the maximum compression of the spring.
Q.11 A sphere of mass m is moving with a velocity 4î  3ˆj  5k̂ when it hits a smooth wall and rebounds with
velocity 2î  2 ĵ  3k̂ . Find the impulse it receives. Find also the coefficient of restitution between the
sphere and the wall.

Q.12 Two bodies of same mass tied with an inelastic string of length l lie together. One of them is projected
vertically upwards with velocity 6gl . Find the maximum height up to which the centre of mass of
system of the two masses rises.

Q.13 A flexible chain has a length l and mass m. It is lowered on the table top with constant velocity v. Find the
force that the chain exerts on the table as a function of time.