Test I

Enumeration
I. Roles of Counselors
1. Individual Assessment
2. Individual Counseling
3. Group Counseling and Guidance
4. Career Assistance
5. Placements and Follow -Up
6. Referral
7. Consultation
8. Research
9. Evaluation and Accountability
10. Prevention
II. Competencies of Counselors
1. Interpersonal Skills
2. Personal beliefs and Attitude
3. Conceptual ability
4. Personal Soundness
5. Mastery of Techniques
6. Ability to understand and work within social system
7. Openness to learning and inquiry
III. Career Opportunities and Areas of Specialization
1. Marriage and Family Counseling
2. Child and Adolescent Counseling
3. Group Counseling
4. Career Counseling
5. School Counseling
6. Mental Health Counseling
Test II
Identification
Identify what is being asked.
Roles / Functions Description
 Individual Assessment Seeks to identify the characteristics and
potential of every client ; promotes the
client’s self-understanding and assisting
counselors to understand the client better
Individual Counseling Considers as the core activity through
which other activities become meaningful.
It is a client –centered process that
demand confidentiality. Relationship is
established between counselor and client.
Group Counseling and Guidance Groups are means of providing organized
and planned assistance to individuals for
an array of needs. Counselor provides
assistance through group counseling and
group guidance.
Career Assistance Counselors are called on to provide career
planning and adjustment assistance to
clients.
Placements and Follow -Up A service of school counseling programs
with emphasis on educational placements
in course and programs.
Referral It is the practice of helping the clients find
needed expert assistance that the referring
counselor cannot provide.
Consultation It is the process of helping a client through
a third party or helping system improve its
service to its clientele.
Research It is necessary to advance the profession
of counseling; it can provide empirically
based data relevant to the ultimate goal of
implementing effective counseling.
Evaluation and Accountability Evaluation is a means of assessing the
effectiveness of counselor’s activities.
Accountability is an outgrowth of demand
that schools and other tax-supported
institutions be held accountable for their
actions.
Prevention This includes promotion of mental health
through primary prevention using a social
– psychological perspective.

Competencies of Counselors
1. Ability to understand and work within social system – this would be compromise of
awareness of family and work relationships of client the impact of agency on the
clients, the capacity to use support networks and supervision ; sensitivity to client
from different gender, ethnicity , sexual orientation, or age group.
2. Interpersonal Skills –counselors who are competent display ability to listen,
communicate ; empathize ; be present ; aware of nonverbal communication; sensitive to
voice quality , responsive to expressions of emotion, turn taking, structure of time and
use of language .
3. Personal Soundness – counselors must have no irrational beliefs that are destructive
to counseling relationships, self-confidence ,capacity to tolerate strong of uncomfortable
feelings in relation to the clients, secure personal boundaries, ability to be a client ; must
carry no social prejudice, ethnocentrism and authoritarianism.
4. Openness to learning and inquiry – counselors must have the capacity to be curious
about client’s backgrounds and problems; being open to new knowledge
5. Personal beliefs and Attitude- counselors have the capacity to accept others, belief in
potential of change, awareness of ethical and moral choices and sensitive to values
held by client and self.
6. Mastery of Techniques – counselors must have a knowledge of when and how to
carry out specific interventions, ability to assess effectiveness of the interventions,
understanding the rationale behind techniques, possession of wide repertoire of
intervention
7. Conceptual ability – counselors have the ability to understand and assess client’s
problem; to anticipate future problems; make sense of immediate process in terms of
wider conceptual scheme to remember information about the client.
Career Opportunities
1. Marriage and Family Counseling – refers to the efforts to establish an encouraging
relationship with couple or family and appreciate the complications in the family system.
2. Mental Health Counseling - is manifested in the challenges posed by its clientele
with mental disorders..
3. Career Counseling –This type of counseling aids individual on decisions and
planning concerning their career.
4. Group Counseling – is the dynamic field in the counseling profession, it offers the
following : opportunities to members to learn from observing other group members ; can
functions as helpers and helps ; opportunities to discover that you others have similar
concerns ; members are encouraged to offer help to others ;opportunities to enhance
interpersonal skills; the therapeutic climate created similar as the client’s family origin.
5. School Counseling- refers to the process of reaching out students with concerns on
drugs, family and peers or gang involvement.
6. Child and Adolescent Counseling - The counseling strategies focus on helping
children and adolescents acquire coping skills through promotion of resiliency, positive
attachment relationship, emotional and intellectual intelligence, and other qualities that
promote optional development.