Piping Stress Analysis
Piping Stress Analysis
Piping Stress Analysis
Stress Analysis
Overview
What is Flexibility Analysis ?
Fundamentals of Primary & Secondary stresses
Analytical Method to calculate Displacement & Stresses
Checking Flexibility using Nomographs
Guidelines for lines connected to Critical Equipment
Stress Analysis using CAESAR-II
Various Load Cases
Spring Supports
Expansion Joints
Stress Analysis- Responsibilities & Methodology
Fundamentals of Buried Pipe Analysis
Stress Analysis
Flexibility
What is Flexibility of the Piping System?
Ability to absorb thermal growth of the piping system
Temperature
Not Flexible
HOT
COLD
Flexible
More Flexible
Stress Analysis
Overview
What is Flexibility of the Piping System?
Ability to absorb thermal growth of the piping system
How to provide Flexibility in the Piping system ?
By change in direction using BENDS, utilising
Expansion joints
What code states about Flexibility in the Piping system ?
“ Piping system shall be designed to have sufficient
flexibility to prevent pipe movements from causing
failure from overstress, leakage at joints or detrimental
distortion of connected equipment resulting from
excessive thrusts and moments “
HOW to conclude whether system is Flexible or not ?
Stress Analysis
Acceptability Criteria
Piping system- flexible and safe only IF following criteria are satisfied
Primary Stresses
Checking Criteria
Sh = Allowable stress at elev. Temp.
Induced Stresses <= Sh or Sc Sc = Allowable Stress at amb.Temp.
Secondary Stresses
Checking Criteria
Induced Stresses <= Sa Sa = Allowable Stress Range
HOT
Stress Loading type - CYCLIC
Failure type - FATIGUE
COLD Failure time - Number of Cycle
Conclusion ?
Stress Analysis
Allowable Stress Range
Mt Sb = ( Ii x Mi )2+ ( Io x Mo )2 Z
Mo
Mi
Ii = SIF factor- In Plane B 31.3 Table D-1
Io = Sif factor- Out Plane
St = Mt / ( 2 x Z )
Se = Sb2 + 4 x St2
D x
IF <= K Then Piping is Flexible
2
(L - U)
D = Pipe OD ( mm )
= Resultant Displacement ( mm )
L = Developed Length ( mtrs )
U = Anchor Distance ( mtrs )
HOT
K = 208.3
COLD
Limitations
Only two point of fixation
No change in pipe size
No intermediate restraint
Stress Analysis
Other Methods to check the flexibility
Using Nomographs
To perform quick flexibility check
To estimate preliminary anchor loading for civil structural design
To do preliminary exp.. loop sizing on pipe rack at early stage of the job
To review visual analysis lines to avoid expensive CAESAR analysis
Detailed Review
Identify CAESAR Stress Models- Include group of lines in single model
Perform detailed stress analysis based on issued stress critical line list
Analyse visual check lines using simplified manual techniques
Communicate with civil, Vessel and Mechanical groups for loading
Final Approval
Freeze the stress model based on final isometrics
Documentation of Input and Output Reports
Stress Analysis
General Working Procedures
Why required ? ? ?
Principle of working
Terminology
Cold Load Hot Load Spring Rate Travel
Technical Specification
Purpose of Support
Type of Supports
Pipe support Standard
Pipe support Instructions and Design Guide
Pipe Support - Span Table
Purpose
Based on Construction
Welded Type
Rigid Support Bolted Type
Adjustable Supports
Constant Type
Elastic Supports Variable Type
Snubber Type
Pipe Supports
Types of Pipe supports- Details
Primary Supports
U-Bolts and Clamps
Shoe Welded Type
Rod Hangers Clamped Type
Secondary Supports
Attachment from Steel Structures