Usersguide Cera UH 60L
Usersguide Cera UH 60L
Usersguide Cera UH 60L
Thank You!
We would like to thank you for purchasing Cera UH 60L Black Hawk.
Note: The Cera UH 60L packages not include the Reality XP GNS 530 must be purchased separately.
Cera Sim does not provide any technical support in connection with Reality-XP GNS 530
We have integrated the Reality-XP GNS 530. The GNS 530 have been modeled completely in 3D (knobs,
buttons) and backlighting effects. You need have Reality-XP GNS 530 installed on your computer.
2
GENERAL.
The UH-60L Black Hawk is a twin turbine engine, single rotor, semimonocoque fuselage, rotary wing
helicopter. Primary mission capability of the helicopter is tactical transport of troops, supplies and
equipment. Secondary missions include training, mobilization, development of new and improved
concepts, and support of disaster relief.
The main rotor system has four blades made of titanium/fiberglass. The drive train consists of a main
transmission, intermediate gear box and tail rotor gear box with interconnecting shafts. The propulsion
system has two T700-GE-701C engines operating in parallel. The nonretractable landing gear consists of
the main landing gear and a tailwheel.
DIMENSIONS.
3
LANDING GEAR SYSTEM.
The helicopter has a nonretractable landing gear consisting of two main gear assemblies and a tailwheel
assembly. The landing gear permits helicopter takeoffs and landings on slopes in any direction.
Main Landing Gear. The main landing gear is mounted on each side of the helicopter forward of center of
gravity. Each individual landing gear has a single wheel, a drag beam, and a two-stage oleo shock strut.
Wheel Brake System. Main landing gear wheels have disc hydraulic brakes. The self-contained self-
adjusting system is operated by the pilot’s and copilot’s tail rotor pedals. Each wheel brake consists of two
steel rotating discs, brake pucks and a housing that contains the hydraulic pistons.
Tail Landing Gear. The tail landing gear is below the rear section of the tail cone. It has a two-stage oleo
shock strut, tailwheel lock system fork assembly, yoke assembly, and a wheel and tire. The fork assembly is
the attachment point for the tailwheel and allows the wheel to swivel 360°. The tailwheel can be locked in
a trail position by a TAILWHEEL switch in the cockpit indicating LOCK or UNLK.
Alternating current (AC) is the primary source of power. The primary electrical system consists of two
independent systems, each capable of supplying the total helicopter power requirements. The prime
source of each system is a 115/200 AC generator. A subsystem feeds two independent AC primary buses
and an AC essential bus. A portion of each AC primary bus load is converted to 28 volts direct current (DC)
by two 200 ampere AC/DC converters. The 28 DC is distributed by two independent DC primary buses and
a DC essential bus. Emergency power is provided by a generator driven by the auxiliary power unit (APU).
The APU generator is capable of supplying all flight-essential AC and DC bus loads. In addition, the APU
generator can supply power to the blade deice system if one main generator should fail. Should a second
generator fail, the blade deice load will be dropped and the APU generator will power the remaining ac bus
loads.
DC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM. Primary DC power is obtained from two converters (transformer-rectifiers)
with a battery as the secondary power source. There is no external DC power connector.
Converters. Two 200-ampere converters, each normally powered by the No. 1 and No. 2 AC primary buses
respectively, turn a AC power into DC power and reduce it to 28 volts. The converter output is applied to
the No. 1 and No. 2 DC primary buses whenever AC power is applied to the AC primary buses. If one
converter’s output is lost, the converter load will be transferred to the operating system, and a caution
light, marked #1 CONV or #2 CONV will go on.
Battery. A 24-volt DC 5.5 ampere hour 20-cell nickel cadmium battery provides secondary or emergency
DC power. The battery is in the cabin section behind the copilot. It supplies DC power to the battery and
battery utility buses for operating DC essential equipment during primary DC malfunction. Power to the
battery bus is controlled by the BATT switch on the upper console. It has marked positions OFF and ON.
4
FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM.
A separate suction fuel system is provided for each engine. Fuel is stored in two interchangeable,
crashworthy, ballistic-resistant tanks. The fuel system consists of lines from the main fuel tanks, firewall-
mounted selector valves, prime/boost pump and fuel tanks, and engine-driven suction pumps. The
prime/boost pump primes all fuel lines if prime is lost, and also acts as an APU boost for APU starts and
operation. A selector valve, driven by cable from the ENG FUEL SYS selector lever on the engine control
quadrant permits operation of either engine from either fuel tank. The engines and APU are suction fed;
the APU is fed from the left main fuel tank by a separate fuel line.
The auxiliary power unit system consists of an auxiliary power unit (APU), accessories, controls, a
monitoring system, and a starting system. The APU system provides pneumatic power for main engine
starting and cabin heating, and electrical power for ground and emergency in-flight electrical operations.
5
Cockpit.
UPPER CONSOLE.
The upper console, overhead between pilot and copilot, contains engine controls, fire emergency controls,
heater and windshield wiper controls, internal and external light controls, electrical systems and
miscellaneous helicopter system controls.
6
6. POSITION LIGHTS, OFF, BRT, DIM switch- positions OFF, BRT and DIM. Position BRT is the brightest.
Position DIM is the dimmed. + -
7. POSITION LIGHTS, STEADY, FLASH switch- Positions STEADY and FLASH. + -
8. ANTICOLLISION LIGHTS, BOTH, UPPER, LOWER switch- Positions UPPER and LOWER. + -
9. ANTICOLLISION LIGHTS, DAY, NIGHT switch- Positions NIGHT and DAY. Position NIGHT is red.
Position DAY is white. + -
10. BACKUP HYD PUMP switch- positions AUTO, OFF and ON. + -
11. HYD LEAK TEST switch- positions NORM, RESET and TEST. + -
12. CARGO HOOK switch- positions SAFE and ARMED. + -
13. *APU CONTROL switch- positions OFF and ON. Position ON is the starter APU. + -
14. APU FIRE EXTGH T-handle – positions PUSH and PULL. Position PULL emergency shutoff APU. + -
15. *BATTERY switch- positions OFF and ON. Position ON is DC POWER supply system. + -
16. *APU GENERATOR switch- positions OFF, RESET, TEST and ON. Position ON is AC POWER supply
system. + -
17. *No1 GENERATOR switch- positions OFF, RESET, TEST and ON. Position ON is ENG 1 AC POWER
supply system. + -
18. *No2 GENERATOR switch- positions OFF, RESET, TEST and ON. Position ON is ENG 2 AC POWER
supply system. + -
19. *FUEL PUMP switch- positions FUEL PRIME, OFF and APU BOOST. Position APU BOOST energizes
the boost pump APU. + -
20. *AIR SOURCE HEAT/START switch- positions ENG, OFF and APU. Position ENG is use to crossbleed
engine starter system. Position APU is use to APU starter system. + -
21. ENGINE CONTROL QUADRANT. + -
22. WINDSHIELD WIPER knob - positions PARK-OFF-LOW-HI. the wipers will operate at the
corresponding speed. + -
23. CONSOLE UPPER LIGHT knob - positions OFF and BRT. Position BRT is the brightest. + -
24. CONSOLE LOWER LIGHT knob - positions OFF and BRT. Position BRT is the brightest. + -
25. NON FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS LIGHTS knob - positions OFF and BRT. Position BRT is the brightest. + -
26. PILOT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS LIGHTS knob - positions OFF and BRT. Position BRT is the brightest. + -
27. PITOT HEAT switch- positions OFF and ON. + -
28. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE INDICATOR.
* Very Important.
+ Left Click.
- Right Click.
+ - Left and Right Click.
7
ENGINE CONTROL QUADRANT.
* Very Important.
+ Left Click.
- Right Click.
+ - Left and Right Click.
8
LOWER CONSOLE.
The lower console next to the base of the instrument panel and extending through the cockpit between
the pilot and copilot, is easily reached by either pilot. The console is arranged with communication panels,
navigational panels and flight attitude/stability controls. The rear part of the console houses the battery
bus and battery utility bus circuit breaker panels, and parking brake handle.
9
Audio Box
Radio COMM
3. COMM power knob- positions OFF and ON. + -
4. COMM select digits MHZ and KHZ switches. + -
ADF
5. ADF select frequency knobs. + -
6. ADF power knob- positions OFF, ANT and ADF. Position ADF is on. + -
NAV
7. NAV select frequency MHZ knob. + -
8. NAV power knob- positions OFF and ON. + -
9. NAV select frequency KHZ knob. + -
Misc systems
10. Fuel Ind Test switch- positions OFF and TEST. +
11. *TAIL WHEEL switch- positions LOCK and UNLK. + -
12. GYRO ERECT switch- positions OFF and ON. + -
13. TAIL SERVO switch- positions NORM and BACKUP. + -
AFCS
14. STABILATOR MAN SLEW switch- positions UP and DN. + -
15. STABILATOR TEST switch- positions OFF and TEST. +
16. *STABILATOR CONTROL switch- positions OFF and ON. +
17. *SAS1 switch- positions OFF and ON. +
18. *SAS2 switch- positions OFF and ON. +
19. *TRIM switch- positions OFF and ON. +
20. *FPS switch- positions OFF and ON. +
21. *BOOST switch- positions OFF and ON. +
TRANSPONDER
22. TRANSPONDER select frequency knobs. + -
COMPASS CONTROL
25. NULL METER INDICATOR
26. COMPASS MODE switch- positions SLAVED and FREE. + -
27. NULL CONTROL knob. + -
28. *PARKING BRAKE handle. + -
10
INSTRUMENT PANEL.
Engine and dual flight instruments are on the one-piece instrument panel. The master warning panels are
mounted on the upper instrument panel below the glare shield, to inform the pilot of conditions that
require immediate action.
11
Blade Deice System
1. BLADE DEICE POWER switch- positions OFF, TEST and ON. + -
2. BLADE DEICE MODE knob- positions AUTO, T, L, and M. + -
3. BLADE DEICE TEST knob- positions NORM, SYNC1, SYNC2, OAT and EOT. + -
4. ICE RATE METER switch- positions OFF and TEST. +
5. ICE RATE METER INDICATOR.
12
Clock
11. CLOCK.
12. *CLOCK SEL switch- positions CLOCK, and CRONO. +
13. *STOPWATCH switch- positions START and RESET. +-
14. AIRSPEED INDICATOR.
15. STABILATOR POSITION INDICATOR AND POSITION PLACARD.
Radar Altimeter
24. RADAR ALTIMETER INDICATOR.
25. LO BUG SETTING knob. + -
26. HI BUG SETTING knob. + -
*** TEST CENTER KNOB switch - positions OFF and TEST. +
Altimeter
27. BAROMETRIC ALTIMETER INDICATOR
28. BAROMETRIC SCALE SEL knob. + -
* Very Important.
+ Left Click.
- Right Click.
+ - Left and Right Click.
13
VERTICAL SITUATION INDICATOR (VSI).
Bank angle scale: Right and left 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° of bank.
Turn rate indicator: 4-minute turn (one-needle width either side of center) 2-minute turn (two-
needle width each side of center).
Pitch and roll command bars: Display to the pilot, control inputs he should make to arrive at a
predetermined course, or glide slope.
Collective position indicator: Display to the pilot the position of the collective relative to where it
should be to arrive at a predetermined altitude.
GA: Go-around (GA) advisory light will go on whenever the GA switch on the pilot’s or copilot’s
cyclic stick is pressed. The light will go off whenever the go-around mode is ended by engaging
another mode on the CIS mode selector panel.
14
DH: Decision height (DH) advisory light will go on whenever the radar altimeter is operating and the
altitude indicator is at or below the radar altitude L (low bug) setting.
MB: Marker beacon (MB) advisory light will go on and the associated marker beacon tone will be
heard, depending upon volume control setting, when the helicopter is over the marker beacon
transmitter.
Glide slope pointer: Displays to the pilot the position of the ILS glide slope relative to the
helicopter. Pointer above center indicates helicopter is below glide path.
Course deviation pointer: Displays to the pilot the position of the course reference (VOR, LOC,)
relative to the helicopter.
ATT warning flag: Indicates loss of vertical gyro power or VSI malfunction.
PITCH trim knob: Adjust artificial horizon up (climb) from at least 4°, no more than 10° or down
(dive) from at least 8°, no more than 20°.
ROLL trim knob: Adjust artificial horizon right or left from at least 8° to no more than 20°.
15
HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI).
Compass card: The compass card is a 360° scale that turns to display heading data obtained from
the compass control. The helicopter headings are read at the upper lubber line.
COURSE set display: Displays course to nearest degree. Indicates same as course set pointer.
Bearing pointer No. 1: The pointer operates in conjunction with GPS Indicates magnetic bearing to
GPS destination set.
Bearing pointer No. 2: The pointer operates in conjunction with selected VOR or ADF receiver. The
pointer is read against the compass card and indicates the magnetic bearing to the VOR or ADF
station.
Course deviation bar: This bar indicates lateral deviation from a selected course. When the
helicopter is flying the selected course, the course bar will be aligned with the course set pointer
and will be centered on the fixed aircraft symbol.
CRS knob: Course set (CRS) knob and the course set counter operate in conjunction with the course
pointer and allow the pilot to select any of 360 courses. Once set, the course pointer will turn with
the compass card and will be centered on the upper lubber line when the helicopter is flying the
selected course.
16
HDG knob: Heading set (HDG) knob operates in conjunction with the heading select marker, allows
the pilot to select any one of 360 headings. Seven full turns of the knob produces a 360° turn of the
marker.
HDG warning flag: Visible when a failure occurs in the magnetic compass system.
To-From arrow: To-from arrow indicates that the helicopter is flying to or away from a selected
VOR.
NAV flag: The NAV flag at the top of the to indicator, turns with the compass card. The flag will
retract from view when a reliable navigation signal is being applied to the instrument.
GPS function: Directs GPS lateral deviation and NAV flag signals to VSIs and HSIs.
VOR/ILS function: Directs VOR or ILS signals to VSIs, and HSIs. Provides a signal to NAV flag.
ADF: Allows pilot or copilot to select ADF on his No. 2 bearing pointer, each independent of the other.
VOR: Allows pilot or copilot to select VOR on his No. 2 bearing pointer, each independent of the other.
17
CIS MODE SELECTOR.
HDG ON: Direct heading and roll signals to CIS processor for steering commands that will allow pilot to
maintain a selected heading.
NAV ON: Gives heading commands to acquire and track a selected VOR, ILS, GPS, or to acquire and track
glide slope beam.
ALT ON: Directs barometric pressure signals and collective stick position signals to CIS processor.
18
VSI/HIS MODE GPS. Operation:
19
VSI/HIS MODE VOR. Operation:
VSI/HIS Mode Selector. Switch VOR/ILS – VOR and switch ADF/VOR – VOR .
20
VSI/HIS MODE ADF. Operation:
21
CIS MODE HDG. Operation:
Adjust collective as
required (UP or DN)
to keep the collective
between the two arrows
Maintain altitude cruise desired, when properly followed - must be selected with a rate of climb or descent
of not more than 200 FEET PER MINUTE to indicate correctly.
23
CIS MODE NAV. Operation:
24
VSI ROLL COMAND BAR. Follow roll command bar to initially follow
intercept heading and then follow command bar to intercept VOR course.
25
ILS APPROACH. Operation:
26
27
GO-AROUND. Operation:
29
CAUTION CAPSULES
#1 FUEL LOW Flashes when left fuel tank level is about 172 pounds.
#1 FUEL PRESS Left engine fuel pressure between engine-driven low-pressure fuel pump
#1 ENGINE OIL PRESS Left engine oil pressure is too low for continued operation.
#1 ENGINE OIL TEMP Left engine oil temperature is above 150°C.
CHIP #1 ENGINE Left engine chip detector in scavenge oil system has metal chip or particle buildup.
#1 FUEL FLTR BYPASS Left engine fuel filter has excessive pressure differential across filter.
#1 ENGINE STARTER Left engine start circuit is actuated.
#1 PRI SERVO PRESS First stage pressure is shut off, or has dropped below minimum, or servo pilot valve is
TAIL ROTOR QUADRANT Goes on when a tail rotor cable is broken or disconnected.
MAIN XMSN OIL TEMP Main transmission oil temperature is above 120°C.
BOOST SERVO OFF LFT Indicates loss of second stage hydraulic pressure to the boost servo, or a boost servo jam.
PITOT HEAT CHIP INPUT Indicates left pitot heater element is not receiving power with PITOT HEAT switch ON.
MDL-LH CHIP ACCESS Indicates a metal particle has been detected by the chip detector.
MDL-LH MR DE-ICE FAIL Indicates a short or open in the main rotor deice system, which will disable the system.
MAIN XMSN OIL PRESS Main transmission oil pressure is below about 14 psi.
#1 GEN Left generator is not supplying power to the buses.
#1 GEN BRG Generator main bearing is worn or has failed.
#1 CONV Left converter (ac to dc current) has no output.
AC ESS BUS OFF Indicates that no power (115 vac, phase B) is being supplied to the ac essential bus.
BATT LOW CHARGE Indicates that the voltage on the battery utility bus is at or below 23 vdc
GUST LOCK Indicates the gust lock is not fully disengaged.
#1 OIL FLTR BYPASS Left engine oil filter pressure differential is excessive.
#1 HYD PUMP Left hydraulic pump output pressure below minimum.
INT XMSN OIL TEMP Intermediate gear box oil temperature is excessive.
STABILATOR Stabilator system is turned on but is in the manual mode.
FLT-PATH STAB Indicates that FPS is inoperative in one or more axis.
CHIP INT XMSN Indicates a metal particle has been detected by the chip detector.
CHIP MAIN MDL SUMP Indicates a metal particle has been detected by the chip detector.
MR DE-ICE FAULT Indicates partial failure of the blade deice system. Uneven shedding of ice can be ex-
#1 RSVR LOW Hydraulic fluid level has dropped below about 60% of full capacity.
#2 GEN Right generator is not supplying power to the buses.
#2 GEN BRG Generator main bearing is worn or has failed.
#2 CONV Right converter (ac to dc current) has no output.
DC ESS BUS OFF Indicates that no power is being supplied to the dc essential bus.
BATTERY FAULT Indicates that the battery has exceeded safe operating temperature
#2 OIL FLTR BYPASS Right engine oil filter pressure differential is excessive.
#2 HYD PUMP Right hydraulic pump output pressure below minimum.
TAIL XMSN OIL TEMP Tail gear box oil temperature is excessive.
SAS OFF Hydraulic pressure supplied to the SAS actuator is below minimum.
IFF Mode 4 is not capable of responding to interrogation.
CHIP TAIL XMSN Indicates a metal particle has been detected by the chip detector.
APU FAIL APU was automatically shut down by the electrical sequence unit.
TR DE-ICE FAIL Indicates a short or open in a tail rotor blade deice element.
#2 RSVR LOW Hydraulic fluid level has dropped below about 60% of full capacity.
#2 FUEL LOW Flashes when right fuel level is about 172 pounds.
#2 FUEL PRESS Right engine fuel pressure between engine-driven low-pressure fuel pump
#2 ENGINE OIL PRESS Right engine oil pressure is too low for continued operation.
#2 ENGINE OIL TEMP Right engine oil temperature is above 150°C.
CHIP #2 ENGINE Right engine chip detector in scavenge oil system has metal chip or particle buildup.
#2 FUEL FLTR BYPASS Right engine fuel filter has excessive pressure differential across filter.
30
#2 ENGINE STARTER Right engine start circuit is actuated.
#2 PRI SERVO PRESS Second stage pressure is shut off, or servo pilot valve is jammed.
#1 TAIL RTR SERVO Pressure to the first stage tail rotor servo is below minimum, or servo pilot valve is jammed.
APU OIL TEMP HI APU oil temperature is above the maximum.
TRIM FAIL Indicates that yaw, roll, or pitch trim actuators are not responding.
RT PITOT HEAT Indicates right pitot heat element is not receiving power with PITOT HEAT switch ON.
CHIP INPUT MDL-RH Indicates a metal particle has been detected by the chip detector.
CHIP ACCESS MDL-RH Indicates a metal particle has been detected by the chip detector.
ICE DETECTED Indicates that ice has been detected.
BACK-UP RSVR LOW Hydraulic fluid level has dropped below about 60% of full capacity.
ADVISORY CAPSULES
#1 ENG ANTI-ICE ON Indicates that No. 1 engine anti-ice/start bleed valve is open.
APU ON APU is operative.
APU ACCUM LOW APU accumulator pressure is low.
#1 ENG INLET ANTI-ICE ON Indicates that No. 1 engine inlet anti-icing air temperature is 93°C or above.
APU GEN ON APU generator output is accepted and being supplied to the helicopter.
SEARCH LT ON Either pilot or copilot has selected SRCH LT switch on.
CARGO HOOK OPEN Indicates that cargo hook load beam is not latched.
PARKING BRAKE ON Indicates that PARKING BRAKE handle is pulled.
#2 ENG INLET ANTI-ICE ON Indicates that No. 2 engine inlet anti-icing air temperature is 93°C or above.
PRIME BOOST PUMP ON Prime boost pump switch is at PRIME or BOOST.
LDG LT ON Either pilot or copilot has selected LDG LT ON.
HOOK ARMED The cargo hook release system is armed.
EXT PWR CONNECTED Indicates that external power plug is connected to helicopter’s EXT POWER connector.
#2 ENG ANTI-ICE ON Indicates that No. 2 engine inlet anti-ice/start bleed valve is open.
BACKUP PUMP ON Backup pump pressure is being supplied.
#2 TAIL RTR SERVO ON Pressure to 2nd stage tail rotor servo is above minimum.
GPS POS ALERT Indicates that GPS signals are not reliable.
31
NORMAL CAUTION/ADVISORY LIGHTS.
*BEFORE TAKEOFF.
32
MASTER WARNING SYSTEM.
Two master caution lights one each side for the pilot and copilot, marked MASTER CAUTION PRESS TO
RESET, are on the master warning panel. They light whenever a caution light goes on. These lights alert the
pilots and direct attention to the caution/advisory panel. The master caution light can be reset from either
pilot position.
33
CYCLIC’S GRIP.
+ Left Click.
- Right Click.
+ - Left and Right Click.
34
COLLECTIVE’S GRIP.
+ Left Click.
- Right Click.
+- Left and Right Click.
35
CONTROL ANIMATION PANEL.
1. READY TO FLY control – Quick start APU and NO 1 ENG, NO 2 ENG. All Systems energize
NOTE: please wait +/- 60 sec before takeoff.
2. NOSE DOOR control – positions OPEN and CLOSED.
3. COLD ANS DARK control – Quick Shut off APU and NO 1 ENG, NO 2 ENG. All Systems off
4. NIGHT VISION Control - positions ON and OFF.
NOTE: Only work during the Time of day NIGHT.
5. APU/GEN Control – Quick Start/Shutoff APU.
NOTE: Only work when GEN 1 and GEN 2 is engaged.
6. PILOT AND COPILOT DOOR control – positions OPEN and CLOSED.
7. MACHINE GUN control – positions RETR, NORM and EXT.
8. PITOT COVER control – Position COVER.
9. GUNNER WINDOW control – positions OPEN and CLOSED.
10. GUNNER Control - Position ANIMATION.
11. CHOCKS Control - Position CHOCKED.
36
12. TROOP DOOR control – positions OPEN and CLOSED as desired.
13. CARGO HOOK DOOR control – positions OPEN and CLOSED.
14. ENGINE COWLING control – positions OPEN and CLOSED.
15. ENGINE COVER control – Position COVER.
16. RESET SYSTEMS Reset - USE ONLY IF YOU OPEN A FLIGHT, AND AFTER CHANGING THE TIME IN THE
SIMULATOR.
ADDITIONAL ANIMATIONS.
37
Developed By
Special thanks to
Doug Dawson.
38