10EE666 – ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING MATERIALS

QUESTION BANK
UNIT-1
CONDUCTING MATERIALS
1] Explain the different types of materials used for the manufacturing of brushes.
2] With usual notations prove that RT = Rt [1+αt(T-t)].
3] Explain effect of temperature on resistance and hence derive an expression for temperature
coefficient of resistance.
4] The resistance of wire increases 40 ohms at 28 0C to 50 ohms at 800C. Find the temperature
coefficient of the material at 00C.
5] A field coil 150C takes 5A when a voltage of 250V is applied. Find the mean temperature
of coil if the current reduces to 4A for same impressed voltage. The coil is made of copper.
Resistance coefficient of copper at 00C is 0.0038.
6] Explain the factors affecting the electrical conductivity of metals.
7] List the postulates of classical free electron theory for metallic conduction.
8] Calculate the current produced in small germanium plate of area 1cm 2 and of thickness
0.3mm when a potential difference of 2V is applied across the faces. Concentration of free
electron in germanium is 2 x 1019 per m3 and mobility of electron and holes are 0.36 m2 /v-s
and 0.17 m2 /v-s respectively. Take e=1.6x10-19 coulomb.
9] The resistivity of a pure copper is 1.56 micro-ohm-cm. An alloy of copper containing 1
atomic percent nickel has a resistivity of 2.81 micro-ohm-cm. An alloy of copper containing
3 atomic percent silver has a resistivity of 1.98 micro-ohm-cm. What is the resistivity of an
alloy containing 2 atomic percent nickel and 2 atomic percent silver?
10] A copper wire and aluminium wire have same length and resistance. If same current
passes through both the wires, which wire will attain higher temperature rise? Give reason.
11] Explain Fermi dirac distribution
12] Explain briefly the uses of the following in electrical industry :
a)Silver b)Aluminium c)Copper d)Tungsten
13] Explain the different materials that can be used for lamp filaments.
14] The resistances of armature winding of a motor at 00 C is 80Ω. Find the resistances at
400C, if the temperature coefficient of copper is 0.0043

UNIT-2
SEMICONDUCTORS AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
1] Bring out the difference between hard and soft magnetic materials.

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2] The total loss in a sample of sheet weighing 10kg is 20watts at 50 c/s and 35watts in 75c/s,
both being, measured at same peak flux density. Separate the loss at 50c/s into its hysteresis
and eddy current components.
3] An electrical field of 80v/m is applied to sample of n type semiconductor whose hall
coefficient is 0.0125m3 /c. Determine the current density in the sample µc =0.36m2 v-1 s-1.
4] Write a short note on intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
5] Name five factors affecting semiconductors.
6] Name any five devices that use semiconductors.
7] Briefly explain Hall Effect generators.
8] Obtain the expression for conductivity of an intrinsic semiconductor.
9] A rectangular n-type germanium bar has a thickness 2mm. A current of 10amps passes
along the bar and field of 0.1tesla is applied perpendicular to the current flow. The hall
voltage developed 1mvolt .calculate the hall constant and electron density in the
semiconductor. Find the hall angle, assuming a mobility of 0.36m2 /v-s for the carriers.
10] Explain the classification of magnetic materials and give examples for each.
11] Explain different types of semiconductor.
12] What is the special type of steal used for the core of power transformer? Give reasons.
Can the same material be used for electric motors.
13] Define hall effect, with a necessary sketch, explain the concept of hall effect and arrive at
an equation for hall effect voltage VH.
14] Mobility of electron and holes in a sample intrinsic GC at room temperature are
3600cm2 /v-s and 1700cm2 /v-s.if electrons and holes density are each equal to 2.2x10 13 cm3.
Calculate the conductivity.
15] Draw a typical hysteresis loop for Ferro-magnetic materials and explain. Show the
residual magnetism and coercive force on a loop and define them.
16] Briefly explain the compound semiconductors.

UNIT-3
DIELECTRICS
1] Define dielectric materials. What are the types of dielectric materials? Explain the
behaviour of dielectric in alternating fields.
2] Explain ‘dielectric polarisation’ and ‘dipole moment’.
3] An air condenser of capacitance 0.005µF is connected to a dc supply of 500 V. It is then
disconnected from the supply and immersed in oil with a dielectric constant of 2.5 Find the
energy stored in the condenser before and after immersion

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4] A p.d. of 15kV is applied across the terminals of a capacitor consisting of two circular
metal plates each having an area of 200cm2 and separated by 1 mm thickness of dielectric.
The capacitance of the capacitor is 4.5x10-4 µF. Calculate the dielectric constant and the
electric flux density. Assume permittivity as 8.854x10-12 F/m.
5] A parallel plate capacitor has an area of 8 cm 2, with separation of 0.08mm. The space is
filled with polystyrene. The real part of the relative dielectric constant is 2.56 and the loss
tangent is 0.7x10-4, at a frequency of 1 MHz. Calculate the capacitance and equivalent
parallel loss resistance.
6] Discuss in detail about dipolar relaxation.
7] The radius of helium atom about 0.550 A .Calculate the polarization if He and its relative
permittivity .The number of Helium atoms in volume of 1m3 is 2.7x1025 atoms?
8] What is polarization? Explain the different types of polarization.
9] A condenser is connected for 0.25 seconds across 220 V supply. The current being kept
steady at 0.22A. Calculate its charge and capacitance.
10] Calculate the capacitance of a condenser which has plates of 0.2m 2 in area separated by a
distance of 2.5x10-5 m, the dielectric having a permittivity of 5. Sketch the electric field.
11] Deduce the expression for loss tangent and brief its significance.
12] Explain the dielectric loss with expression.

UNIT-4
INSULATING MATERIALS
1] List characteristics of good insulating materials and classify them on temperature basis.
2] List out the properties of SF6 gas
3] Give the reason. Why, hydrogen gas is more coolant than nitrogen and air?
4] How is PVC resin produced? What fillers, stabilizer, plasticizes and supplementary
additives are added to strengthen its properties.
5] Explain the procedure for testing dielectric strength of transformer oil.
6] Briefly explain gaseous insulators.
7] Explain the properties and uses of any two gaseous insulating materials.
8] What is the function of oil which is used in transformer?
9] Suggest suitable materials for the following: a) Cross arms in an overhead line. b) Fuse
carriers. C) Motor brushes. D) Electric iron.
10] Classify and list the solid, liquid and gaseous insulating materials. Suggest were these
insulators are used in Electric field applications.

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UNIT-5
MATERIALS FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
1] With a neat sketch, explain the working of fuel cell.
2] Explain the working of a solar cell, with a neat figure and write the equivalent circuit and
V-I characteristics.
3] List the material used in battery.
4] Give the physical and chemical properties of material used for solar cell.
5] Explain selective absorber coating. What are the selective coating properties?
6] Explain the various types of solar cells and their material compositions.
7] Explain the following 1) Mirror protective over coating.
2) Vacuum reflective over coating.
8] A stand- alone photovoltaic system is used for water pumping. It uses a dc to ac inverter
and an induction motor. The delta of this system: motor rated voltage 100V (rms), efficiency
of motor pump set 40%,efficiency of inverter 85%, head of water (to be lifted) 50m,Volume
of water 25m3 per day. Assume that each PV panel module has an output voltage of 18V and
power rating of 40W and annual output of array is 2000 Wh/Wp density of water 1000 kg/m3.
The system uses a full bridge inverter. Find:
1. Peak watt capacity of PV panel
2. No. of modules in series in a string and the string in parallel
9] Explain the following:
1) Cold mirror coatings
2) Heat mirror coatings

UNIT-6
MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR MATERIALS STUDIES
1] How does magnetic resonance imaging work?
2] Write a note on ‘ferromagnetic resonance’
3] Explain pulsed fourier transform NMR spectrometer, with a block diagram.
4] Define: spin –spin coupling
5] With neat diagram explain the following component used in atomic absorption
spectrometer
1. Radiation sources
2. Atomizer
3. Monocromotor

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4. Detector
5] Draw the neat sketch of electronic microscopy and explain the construction and working.
6] What is electron spin resonance (ESR)? Explain the experimental setup of ESR with
suitable graph
7] Explain the concept of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) with the help of experimental
set up.

UNIT-7
SMART MATERIALS
1] Define ferromagnetic curie temperature
2] Explain “magnetostriction” with reference to iron, cobalt and nickel.
3] Explain the properties of any two ferromagnetic materials
4] What is piezo-electric? Explain which the material used in piezo-electric are and list the
applications of piezo-electric material.
5] Explain the magnetostrictive material.
6] Write a note on smart hydrogel.
7] What are the advantage, disadvantage and application of piezoelectric devices?

UNIT-8
CERAMICS
1] Write a short note on the following:
1) Application of ceramics.
2) Rubber manufacture.
3) Classification of glass.
4) Neoprene
2] Explain the details the classification of ceramic capacitor.
3] What are the general properties of ceramics material and how it is applicable to capacitor?
4] Distinguish between thermoplastic and thermosetting material.
5] What are the type of rubber and give the applications of each type.
6] What are plastics? Explain the properties of plastic. Its classification and hence explain
thermoplastic.
7] Explain the thermoplastic and thermosetting material and give examples for each.

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8] Bring out the difference between thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic.

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