IONIC EQUILIBRIUM Page # 25

Exercise - III Subjective Level-I

9. The solution of weak monoprotic acid which is 0.01
1. Calculate change in concentration of H+ ion in one M has pH = 3. Calculate Ka of weak acid.
litre of water, when temperature changes from 298 K
to 310 K. Given Kw (298) = 10–14 Kw (310) = 2.56 × 10–14
10. Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid. It ionizes in
water as
2. Calculate the number of H+ present in one ml of
solution whose pH is 13. B(OH)3 + H2O B(OH) 4– + H+ : Ka = 5.9 × 10–10
Calculate pH of 0.3 M boric acid.
3. pH of dilute solution of HCl is 6.95. Calculate molarity
of HCl solution 11. Calculate [H+] and [CHCl2COO–] in a solution that
is 0.01 M in HCl and 0.01 M in CHCl2COOH.
4. Calculate pH of following solutions : Take (Ka = 2.55 × 10–2).
(a) 0.1 M HCl (b) 0.1 M CH3COOH (Ka = 1.8 ×10–5)
(c) 0.1 M NH4OH (Ka = 1.8 ×10–5) 12. Calculate [H + ], [CH 3COO –] and [C 7H 5O 2–] in
(d) 0.1 M H2SO4 (50 ml) + 0.4 M HCl (50 ml) solution that is 0.02 M in acetic acid and 0.01 M in
benzoic acid. Ka (acetic) = 1.8 × 10–5, Ka (benzoic) =
(e) 10–8 M HCl (f) 10–10 M NaOH
6.4 × 10–5.
(g) Decimolar solution of Baryta (Ba(OH)2), diluted 100
times
13. Calculate pH of resultant solution of 0.1 M HA +
(h) 10–3 mole of KOH dissolved in 100 L of water.
0.1 M HB
(i) 0.5 M HCl (25 ml) + 0.5 M NaOH (10 ml) + 40 ml H2O
[Ka (HA) = 2 × 10–5 ; Ka(HB) = 4 × 10–5]
(j) Equal volume of HCl solution (PH = 4) + 0.0019 N
HCl solution
POLYPROTIC ACIDS & BASES
(k) 10-6 M CH3COOH (Ka = 1.8 × 10–5)
14. Calculate [H+], [H2PO4–], [HPO42–] and [PO43–] in
(l) 10-8 M CH3COOH (Ka = 1.8 × 10–5)
a 0.01 M solution of H3PO4.
Take K1 = 10–3, K2 = 10–8. K3 = 10–13.
5. Calculate :
(a) Ka for monobasic acid and whose 0.10 M solution
15. Calculate the pH of 0.1 M solution of H2NCH2 CH2
has pH of 4.50
NH2 ; ethylenediamine (en). Determine the en H22+.
(b) Kb for a monoacidic base whose 0.10 M solution
has a pH of 10.50. concentration in the solution. K b1 and K b2 values of
ethylenediamine are 8.5 × 10 –5 and 7.1 × 10 –8
respectively.
 2 
6. Calculate the ratio of degree of dissociation   
 1
16. What are the cocentrations of H+, HSO4–, SO42–
when 1 M acetic acid solution is diluted to 1/100 times.
and H2 SO4 in a 0.20 M solution of sulphuric acid ?
[Given Ka = 10–5M ]
Given : H2SO4  H+ + HSO4– ; strong

7. Calculate the ratio of degree of dissociation of HSO4– H+ + SO42– ; K2 = 10–2 M

acetic acid and hydrocyanic acid (HCN) in 1 M their
respective solution of acids.
17. What are the concentration of H + , H 2C 2O 4,
[Given K a( CH3 COOH)  18
.  10 –5
; K a(HCN)  6.2  10 –10
] HC2O4– and C2O42– in a 0.1 M solution of oxalic acid ?
[K1 = 10–2 M and K2 = 10–5 M]

8. The pH of aqueous solution of ammonia is 11.5.

Find molarity of solution. Kb (NH4OH) = 1.8 × 10–5.

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053 www.motioniitjee.com, email-hr.motioniitjee@gmail.com
 Page # 26 IONIC EQUILIBRIUM

18. Nicotine, C10H14N2, has two basic nitrogen atoms 26. Calculate the pH of a solution made by mixing
and both can react with water to give a basic solution 50.0 ml of 0.2 M NH 4Cl & 75.0 ml of 0.1 M NaOH
[K b(NH 3) = 1.8 × 10 –5]
Nic(aq) + H2O(l) NicH+ (aq) + OH– (aq)

NicH+(aq) + H2O(l) NicH22+ (aq) + OH– (aq) INDICATORS

K b1 is 7 × 10 –7 and K b2 is 10 –10 . Calculate the 27. For the acid indicator thymol blue, pH is 2.0 when
approximate pH of 0.020 M solution. half the indicator is in unionised form. Find the % of
Sol. indicator in unionised form in the solution with [H+] =
19. H 3A is a weak triprotic acid (K a = 10 –5, K a = 4×10–3 M.
1 2
10 –9, K a = 10 –13
3
Calculate the value of pX of 0.1 M H3A(aq) solution 28. At what pH does an indicator change colour if
 A3   the indicator is a weak acid with Kind = 4 × 10–4 . For
  which one(s) of the following neutralizations would
where pX = – logX & X = .
HA2   the indicator be useful ? Explain.
 
(a) NaOH + CH3COOH (b) HCl + NH3 (c) HCl + NaOH
BUFFER SOLUTION
20. Determine [OH–] of 0.050 M solution of ammonia 29. What indicator should be used for the titration
to which sufficient NH4Cl has been added to make of 0.10 M KH2BO3 with 0.10 M HCl ?
.  10 –5 ]
the total [NH4+] equal to 0.100. [K b(NH3 )  18 Ka (H3BO3) = 7.2 × 10–10

30. Bromophenol blue is an acid indicator with a Ka

21. Calculate the pH of solution prepared by mixing value of 6 × 10–5. What % of this indicator is in its
50.0 mL of 0.200 M HC2H3O2 and 50.0 mL of 0.100 M basic form at a pH of 5 ?
NaOH. [Ka(CH3COOH) = 1.8 × 10–5]

31. An acid base indicator has a Ka of 3 × 10–5 . The

22. A buffer of pH 9.26 is made by dissolving x moles acid form of the indicator is red & the basic form is
of ammonium sulphate and 0.1 mole of ammonia into blue. By how much must the pH change in order to
100 mL solution. If pKb of ammonia is 4.74, calculate change the indicator form 75% red to 75% blue ?
value of x.

HYDROLYSIS
23. 50 mL of 0.1 M NaOH is added to 75 mL of 0.1 M 32. What is the OH– concentration of a 0.08 M
NH4Cl to make a basic buffer. If pKa of NH4+ is 9.26, solution of CH3COONa. [Ka(CH3COOH) = 1.8 × 10–5]
calculate pH.

33. Calculate the pH of a 2.0 M solution of NH4Cl.

24. (a) Determine the pH of a 0.2 M solution of [Kb(NH3) = 1.8 × 10–5]
pyridine C5H5N. Kb = 1.5 × 10–9
(b) Predict the effect of addition of pyridinium ion
34. 0.25 M solution of pyridinium chloride C5H6N+ Cl–
C5H5NH+ on the position of the equilibrium. Will the pH
was found to have a pH of 2.699. What is Kb for
be raised or lowered ?
pyridine, C5H5N ?
(c) Calculate the pH of 1.0 L of 0.10 M pyridine
solution to which 0.3 mol of pyridinium chloride
C5H5NH+Cl, has been added, assuming no change in 35. Calculate the extent of hydrolysis & the pH of
volume. 0.02 M CH3COONH4.
[Kb (NH3) = 1.8 × 10–5, Ka (CH3COOH) = 1.8 × 10–5]
25. Calculate the pH of a solution which results from
the mixing of 50.0 ml of 0.3 M HCl with 50.0 ml of 0.4 36. Calculate the percent hydrolysis in a 0.06 M
M NH3. [Kb(NH3) = 1.8 ×10–5] solution of KCN. [Ka(HCN) = 6 ×10–10]

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053 www.motioniitjee.com, email-hr.motioniitjee@gmail.com
 IONIC EQUILIBRIUM Page # 27

has been added and 6.402 after 20.0 mL of NaOH has

37. Calculate the extent of hydrolysis of 0.005 M been added. What is the ionization constant of HX ?
K2CrO4. [K2 = 3.1 × 10–7 for H2CrO4]
(It is essentially strong for first ionization) 48. The equivalent point in a titration of 40.0 mL of
a solution of weak monoprotic acid occurs when 35.0
mL of a 0.10 M NaOH solution has been added. The pH
38. Calculate the percent hydrolysis in a 0.0100 M
of the solution is 5.75 after the addition of 20.0 mL of
solution of KCN. (Ka= 6.2 × 10–10)
NaOH solution. What is the dissociation constant of
the acid ?
39. A 0.010 M solution of PuO2(NO3)2 was found to
have a pH of 4.0. What is the hydrolysis constant, Kh,
49. A weak base (50.0 mL) was titrated with 0.1 M
for PuO22+, and what is Kb for PuO2 OH+ ?
HCl. The pH of the solution after the addition of 10.0
mL and 25.0 mL were found to be 9.84 and 9.24,
40. Calculate the pH of 1.0 × 10 –3 M sodium respectively. Calculate Kb of the base and pH at the
phenolate, NaOC6H5. for HOC6H5 is 1.05 × 10–10 equivalence point.

41. What is the pH of 0.1 M NaHCO 3 ? K 1 = 4.5 × 50. A weak acid (50.0 mL) was titrated with 0.1 M
10 –7, K 2 = 4.5 × 10 –11 for carbonic acids. NaOH. The pH values when 10.0 mL and 25.0 mL of
base have been added are found to be 4.16 and 4.76,
respectively. Calculate Ka of the acid and pH the
42. Calculate pH of 0.05 M potassium hydrogen
equivalence point.
phthalate, KHC8H4O4.

H2C8 H4O4 + H2O H3O+ + HC8H4O4– pK1 = 2.94

51. CH3COOH (50 ml, 0.1 M) is titrated against 0.1
HC8H4O4– + H2O H3O+ + C8H4O42– pK2 = 5.44 M NaOH solution. Calculate the pH at the addition of 0
ml, 10 ml, 20 ml, 25 ml, 40 ml, 50 ml of NaOH. Ka of
CH3COOH is 2 × 10–5.
43. The acid ionization (hydrolysis) constant of Zn2+
is 1.0 × 10–9
(a) Calculate the pH of a 0.001 M solution of ZnCl2 SOLUBILITY & SOLUBILITY PRODUCTS
(b) What is the basic dissociation constant of Zn(OH)+ ? 52. The values of Ksp for the slightly soluble salts MX
and QX2 are each equal to 4.0 × 10–18. Which salt is
more soluble ? Explain your answer fully.
ACID BASE REACTIONS & TITRATIONS
44. Calculate OH– concentration at the equivalent
53. The solubility of PbSO4 in water is 0.038 g/L.
point when a solution of 0.1 M acetic acid is titrated
Calculate the solubility product constant of PbSO4 in
with a solution of 0.1 M NaOH. Ka for the acid = 1.9 ×
water.
10–5.

45. Calculate the hydronium ion concentration and 54. How many mol Cul (Ksp = 5 × 10–12) will dissolve
pH at the equivalence point in the reaction of 22.0 mL in 1.0 L of 0.10 M Nal solution ?
of 0.10 M acetic acid, CH3COOH, with 22.0 mL of 0.10
M NaOH.(Ka = 1.8 × 10–5) 55. A solution of saturated CaF2 is found to contain
4.1 × 10–4 M fluoride ion. Calculate the Ksp of CaF2.
46. Calculate the hydronium ion concentration and Neglect hydrolysis.
the pH at the equivalence point in a titration of 50.0
mL of 0.40 M NH3 with 0.40 M HCl.(Kb = 1.8 × 10–5) 56. The solubility of ML2 (formula weight, 60 g/mol)
in water is 2.4 × 10–5 g/100 mL solution. Calculate
47. In the titration of a solution of a weak acid HX solubility product constant for ML2.
with NaOH, the pH is 5.8 after 10.0 mL of NaOH solution

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053 www.motioniitjee.com, email-hr.motioniitjee@gmail.com
 Page # 28 IONIC EQUILIBRIUM

57. What is the solubility (in mol/L) of Fe(OH)3 in a 68. A recent investigation of the complexation of
solution of pH = 8.0 ? [Ksp for Fe(OH)3 = 1.0 × 10–36] SCN– with Fe3+ represented by constant K1, K2 and K3
as 130, 16, and 1.0 respectively. What is the overall
formation constant of Fe(SCN)3 from its component
58. Calculate the solubility of A2X3 in pure water,
ions, and what is the dissociation constant of Fe(SCN)3
assuming that neither kind of ion reacts with water. For
into its simplest ions on the basis of these data ?
A2X3, [Ksp = 1.1 × 10–23]

69. How much AgBr could dissolve in 1.0 L of 0.40 M

59. Determine the solubility of AgCl in 0.1 M BaCl2.
[Ksp for AgCl = 1 × 10–10] NH3 ? Assume that Ag(NH3)2+ is the only complex
formed.
[Kf(Ag(NH3)2+) = 1 × 108 ; Ksp (AgBr) = 5 × 10–13]
60. What mass of Pb2+ ion is left in solution when
50.0 mL of 0.20 M Pb(NO3)2 is added to 50.0 ml 1.5 M
NaCl
PROFICIENCY TEST
[Given Ksp for PbCl2 = 1.7 × 10–4]
1. True/False. When a solution of a weak monoprotic
61. A solution has a Mg2+ concentration of 0.0010 acid is titrated against a strong base, half-
mol/L. Will Mg(OH)2 precipitate if the OH– concentration 1
neutralization point, pH = pK a
of the solution is [Ksp = 1.2 × 10–11] 2
(a) 10–5 mol/L (b) 10–3 mol/L ? 2. True/False. A solution of sodium acetate and
ammonium acetate can act as a buffer.
62. Calculate solubility of PbI2 (Ksp = 1.4 × 10–8) in
water at 25°, which is 90% dissociated 3. True/False. If the solubility of the salt Li3Na3(AlF6)2
is x, then its solubility product would be 2916 x8.

63. 500 mL of 0.01 AgNO3 is mixed with 250 ml each 4. True/False. A buffer has maximum buffer capacity
of NaBr and NaCl, each having molarity 0.02 M. Find when the ratio of salt to acid is 10.
equilibrium concentrtion of Br– (moles/L).
Given : Ksp(AgBr) = 5 × 10–13, Ksp(AgCl) = 10–10. 5. True/False. In the presence of a common ion
(incapable of froming complex ion), the solubility of
salt decrease.
64. Calculate solubility of AgCN (Ksp = 4 × 10–16) in a
buffer solution of PH = 3. 6. In a mixture of waek acid and its salt, the ratio of
concentration of salt to acid is increased ten fold.
SIMULTANEOUS SOLUBILITY The pH of the solution would _______________ by
65. Calculate the Simulataneous solubility of AgSCN ________________ unit.
and AgBr. Ksp (AgSCN) = 1.1 × 10–12, Ksp(AgBr) = 5 ×
7. The solubility of CH3COOAg in water considering
10–13.
hydrolysis of CH3COO– ions would be _________ than
that ignoring the hydrolysis.
66. Calculate F– in a solution saturated with respect
of both MgF2 and SrF2. Ksp (MgF2) =9.5 × 10–9, 8. From an equimolar solution of Cl– and Br– ions, the
Ksp(SrF2) = 4 × 10–9. addition of Ag + will selectively precipitates
COMPLEXATION EQUILIBRIA ______________
67. Assuming no change in volume, calculate the (Ksp of AgCl & AgBr are 1 × 10 –10 & 1 × 10 –13
minimum mass of NaCl necessary to dissolve 0.010
respectively).
mol AgCl in 100 L solution :
[K1(AgCl2–) = 3 × 105, Ksp = (AgCl) = 1 × 10–10] 9. The solubility of AgCl in NH3 is __________ than

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053 www.motioniitjee.com, email-hr.motioniitjee@gmail.com
 IONIC EQUILIBRIUM Page # 29

the solubility in pure water because of complex ion, ___________ than 7.

+
[Ag(NH3)2] formation.
21. In the reaction I 2 + I –  I 3– , I 2 acts as
10. The hydrolytic constant Kh for the hydrolytic __________.
equilibrium
22. An equimolar solution of NaNO2 and HNO2 can
– – –12
H2PO + H2O  H3PO4 + OH is 1.4 × 10
4
act as a _________ solution.

What is the value of ionization constant for the H3PO4 23. Larger the value of pKa, ____________ is the
– +
+ H2O  H2PO + H3O ?
4
acid.

11. Given the equilibrium constants 24. Between Na+ & Ag+ ion, ______________ is a
stronger Lewis acid.
HgCl+ + Cl– HgCl2 ; K1 = 3 × 106

HgCl2 + Cl– HgCl3– ; K2 = 8.9 25. Salts of strong acid and weak bases undergo
___________ hydrolysis.
The equilibrium constant for the dispropotionation
equilibrium. 26. For salt of weak acid with weak bass, degree of
hydrolysis is ____________ of concentration of the
2HgCl2 HgCl+ + HgCl3– is salt in solution.

12. Under which set of conditions is the ionic product BEWARE OF SNAKES
of water, Kw, constant at a given temperature aqueous
1. General Mistake : pH of a neutral water solution is
system ?
always equal to 7.
13. If the salts M 2X, QY 2 and PZ 3 have same
Explanation : pH of neutral water depend on
solubilities (<<< 1), thier Ksp values are related as
____________ pK w
temperature. Since pH (neutral point) = ; pK w
2
14. Ka for an acid HA is 1 × 10–6. Kb for A– would be
____________. decrease with temperature hence pH of neutral

15. An equeous solutino of K2SO4 has pH nearly equal solution.

to __________. 2. General Mistake : If a solutiion is dilute half time

16. The pH of solution which is 0.1 M in sodium pH of solution becomes double.

acetate and 0.01 M in acetic acid (pKa = 4.74) would Explanation : Infact pH increases by 0.3010 unit. If
be ______ it is diluted x times pH increases by log x.

17. The conjugate acid of sulphate (SO 42– ) is e.g. If solution is diluted 10 times pH increases by
__________. log1010 = 1 unit.

18. The value of Kw __________ with increase in 3. General Mistake : For calculation of pH of 10–6 M
temperature.
CH3COOH the formual (H+) = K a c will give
19. AgCl is _________ soluble in aqueous sodium
chloride solution than in pure water.
 .  10 –5  10 –6 
pH = – log  18  = 5.37
20. The buffer HCOOH/HCOONa will have pH

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053 www.motioniitjee.com, email-hr.motioniitjee@gmail.com
 Page # 30 IONIC EQUILIBRIUM

Explanation : 5.37 is incorrect answer. pH shold be solution to which enough HCl has been added to
produce a [H+] of 2 × 10–4.
–K a  K 2a  4K a c
calculated by taking  
2c
[H ]2 [S2– ] (2  10 –4 ) 2 [S2 – ]
Sol. K1K2 = = = 1.0 × 10–21
[H2 S] 0.10
4. Genral Mistake : If 103 mole CH3COONa and 1 mole
CH3COOH is added in 104 litres water the pH of resulting or

10 3
solution is equal to pH = pKa + log = 7.74 .  10 –22
10
1 [S2–] = = 2.5 × 10–15
4  10 –8

Explanation : 7.74 is incorrect answer. The CH3COOH

concentration is too low to be taken as constituent
of buffer solutio. Use salt hydrolysis formula instead
to calculated the pH.

5. General Mistake : The equilibrium concentration

of anion and cation of a sparingly soluble salt (A2C3)
and a and c mole lit–1 respectively. The solubility
product is (2a2) (3c)3 = Ksp

Explanation : Ksp = a2c3.

6. General Mistake : pH of 10–8 M HCl is equal to 8.

Explaination : pH = 8 means basic solution.

Contribution of water can not be neglected in this
case.

7. General Mistake : If NaOH is added to NH4Cl so

that NaOH is limiting, the resulting solutio is containing
some remaining conc. of NH4Cl. Now use salt hydrolysis
condition to calculate pH of solution.

Explanation : The addition of NaOH in NH4Cl results

in basic buffer solution.

8. General Mistake : Do not use the K1 K2 from of

equation unless you have an independent method of
calculating [H+] or [S2–]

Explanation : Determine the [S2–] in a saturated H2S

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053 www.motioniitjee.com, email-hr.motioniitjee@gmail.com