Data Communication Question Bank

DATA COMMUNICATION (18CS46)

MODULE I
INTRODUCTION
1. What is data communication? What are its characteristics? Explain. (6 Marks, July 2018)
2. What is data communication? List and explain the five components of a data communication
system, with examples. (7 Marks, 4 Marks, July 2019, Jan 2020)
3. What is data communication? Explain different forms of data representations?
(8 Marks, July 2019)
4. What are different modes of communication? (6 Marks)
5. Explain the following:
i) Simplex, ii) half-duplex, or full-duplex (7 Marks, July 2019)
6. Explain different types of network criteria’s in detail? (6 Marks, July 2018)
7. What is a physical topology? What is data communication? With neat diagram, describe the
four basic topologies with application of each. (10 Marks), July 2018
8. Give the comparison between LAN, MAN and WAN with an example. (6 Marks)
9. Explain the following two types of connections:
i) point-to-pointand ii) multipoint (6 Marks)
10. Explain two most common types of switched networks in brief. (8 Marks)
11. Define Internet. (4 Marks)
12. What are standards? Name any four standard organizations (8 Marks)
13. List Explain Internet administrations in brief? (6 Marks)
14. What is a protocol? Briefly explain its key elements. (5 Marks)
15. Analyze the principle behind protocol layering. Describe with neat diagram the functions of
each layer in the OSI reference model and differentiate it with TCP/IP.
(8 Marks, July 2019, Jan 2020)
16. Explain the different levels of addressing used in an internet with a suitable example for each
level of addressing in TCP/IP. (6 Marks)
17. Describe with neat diagram, the functionalities of each layer in the TCP/IP model.
(8 Marks), July 2018
18. Explain Multiplexing and demultiplexing of TCP/IP. (6 Marks)

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Data Communication Question Bank

19. Assume that fifty devices are arranged in a mesh topology. How many links (cables) are
needed? How many ports are needed for each device? (6 Marks)
20. Explain categories of network and differentiate between them. (8 Marks)
21. Define network topology, explain ring topology with advantages and disadvantages.
(6 Marks)
22. Define periodic and nonperiodic signals of analog and digital signals? (6 Marks)
23. Explain time and frequency domains of periodic and nonperiodic digital signals. (4 Marks)
24. Calculate the Shannon channel capacity in the following cases:
(i) Bandwidth =20KhzSNRdb=40
(ii) Bandwidth =200 kHz SNRdb=6 (6 Marks)
25. A file contains 3 million bytes. How long does it take to download this file using 100kbps?
(4 Marks)
26. Define line coding. List out its characteristics. Describe Unipolar NRZ, polar NRZ-L,
Bipolar AMI and Manchester encoding by applying on the information sequence 101011100.
(10 Marks, July 2018, , Jan 2020)
27. Describe with neat waveform any two polar line coding schemes. (6 Marks)
29. Explain different causes for transmission impairments during signal transmission through
transmission medium. explain the characteristics of analog and digital signals.
(6 Marks, Dec 2017, July 2018, 8 Marks, July 2019, Jan 2020)
30. Give data rate formula suggested by Nyquist and Shannon. Low pass communication has
BW of 1MHZ. What is Shannon capacity of channel if SNR is 40db? What bit rate is attainable
using 8-level pulses? (4 Marks)
31. What is the Nyquist sampling rate for each of the following signals?
i) A low pass signal with bandwidth of 200 kHz.
ii) A band pass signal with bandwidth of 300 kHz, having lowest frequency of 200 kHz.
(4 Marks)
32. Define bandwidth. A periodic signal has bandwidth of 20 HZ. The highest frequency is 60
HZ. What is the lowest frequency? Draw the spectrum, if the signal contains all frequencies of
the same amplitude. (4 Marks)
33. Explain briefly, with neat figures, the two approaches for digital transmission. (6 Marks)
34. Explain the following:

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Data Communication Question Bank

i) Bandwidth
ii) Throughput
iii) Transmission Time
iv) Latency
v) Jitter (8 Marks, July 2019)
35. Distinguish between a low pass channel and a band pass channel. (4 Marks)
36. Explain polar biphase Manchester and differential Manchester encoding schemes with
example. (8 Marks)
37. What are the factors on which data rate depends in data communications? (6 Marks)
38. Explain Nyquist bit rate and Shannon capacity. Define Latency. What are the propagation
time and the transmission time for a 2.5 Kbyte message, if the bandwidth of the network is 1
Gbps? Assume that the distance between the sender and the receiver is 12000 km and that light
travels at 2.4 X 108 m/s. (6 Marks, July 2019)
39. Represent the bit sequence “01001011” using Bipolar schemes AMI and pseudometry.
Explain their characteristics with regard to synchronization and DC component. (6 Marks)
40. Explain in detail Pulse code Modulation (PCM) / Pulse Amplitude Modultion(PAM).
(8Marks), July 2018
41. Differentiate between Uniform and Non-Uniform PCM. (2 Marks)
42. Explain in brief two mode of transmission. (4Marks, July 2018)
43. What is data communication? With neat diagram, describe the four basic topologies with
application of each. (5 Marks, Jul 2017, July 2019)
44. Explain with a neat diagram TCP/IP protocol suite with encapsulation and decapsulation
concepts. (8 Marks, Jul 2017, Dec 2017)
45. Explain different characteristics of periodic analog signal. Find the phase in degree and
radian of a sine wave with offset ¼ cycle with respect to time ‘0’ (zero). (3 Marks, Jul 2017)
46. Draw a line code of the sequence 010011 using NRZ, NRZ-L, NRZ-I, Manchester, RZ and
differential Manchester schemes. (6 Marks, Jul 2017)
47. Explain digital signal transmission methods. (6 Marks, Jul 2017)
48. What is noiseless channel? Find out maximum bit rate in noiseless channel with bandwidth
of 3000 Hz transmitting a signal with two signal level. (4 Marks, Jul 2017)

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Data Communication Question Bank

49. Define data communication. Explain the fundamental characteristics of a data

communication system. With a neat diagram, explain the components of data communication.
(6 Marks, Dec 2017)
50. Assume that five devices are connected in a mesh topology. How many duplex links are
needed? How many ports are needed for each? (6 Marks, Dec 2017)
51. Define line coding. List out its characteristics. Represent the sequence 10100110 using polar
and biphase schemes. (8 Marks, Dec 2017)
52. A network with bandwidth of 10 Mbps can pass only an average of 18000 frames per minute
with each frame carrying an average of 10000 bits. What is the throughput of this network?
(2 Marks, Dec 2017)
53. What are the factors that determine whether a communication is LAN or WAN?
(5 Marks, July 2019)
54. Differentiate Defacto standard and Dejure standard. (5 Marks, July 2020)
55. In a digital transmission, the receiver clock is 0.3 percent faster than the sender clock. How
many extra bits per second does the receiver receive if the data rate is 1 Mbps.
(5 Marks, July 2020)

MODULE II
PHYSICAL LAYER -2
1. Explain in detail serial transmission. (6 Marks)
2. Describe ASK, FSK, PSK and QAM mechanisms with the help of a neat diagram. Discuss the
bandwidth requirement in each case and apply them over the digital data 101101.
(8 Marks, Dec 2017, July 2018, July 2019, Jan 2020)
3. What is spread spectrum? Explain the following techniques for spread spectrum: FHSS and
DSSS. (8 Marks)
4. With neat waveform, explain three methods of digital to analog conversion. Draw waveform
with input data 110100. (8 Marks)
5. What is multiplexing? With neat diagram explain FDM. (5 Marks, jan 2020)
6. A voice grade channel of a telephone network has a bandwidth of 3.4 kHz.
i) Calculate channel capacity for S/N=30 dB .
ii) Calculate S/N required to support information transfer at 4800 bps. (5 Marks)

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Data Communication Question Bank

7. What is FDM? Briefly explain its multiplexing and demultiplexing process. (6 Marks)
8. An analog signal has a bit rate of 8000 bps and a baud rate of 1000 baud. How many data
elements are carried by each signal element? How many signal elements do we need?
(4 Marks, Jan 2020)
9. Explain in detail TDM . (7 Marks)
10. Explain the amplitude modulation. (4 Marks)
11. What is TDM? Explain how statistical TDM overcomes the disadvantages of synchronous
TDM. (8 Marks)
12.An analog signal has a bit rate of 10000 bps and bandwidth of 2000 band. How many data
elements are carried by each signal element? How many signal elements do we need? (4 Marks)
13.Explain phase modulation with a neat diagram. (5 Marks)
14. Four 1 Kbps connections are multiplexed together. A unit is 1 bit. Find
i) The duration of 1 bit before multiplexing
ii) The transmission rate of the link
iii) The duration of a time slot
iv) The duration of a frame. (5 Marks, Dec 2017)
18. Differentiate between circuit switched, datagram networks and virtual circuit networks.
(5 Marks)
19. What is multiplexing? Explain how time division multiplexing differs from FDM.
(4 Marks)
20. What is switching? Differentiate circuit switch network with packet switched network.
(8 Marks, July 2018)
21. With a neat diagram, explain how message can be sent from one system to another using
datagram networks. (8 Marks)
22. A multiplexer combines four 100kbps channels using a time slot of 2 bits. Show the output
with four arbitrary inputs. What is the frame rate? What is the frame duration? What is the bit
rate? What is the bit duration? (4 Marks)
23. With relevant diagrams, explain the data transfer phase (different phases) in a virtual circuit
network. (10 Marks)

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Data Communication Question Bank

24. Five channels, each with a 100 kHz bandwidth are to be multiplexed together. What is the
minimum bandwidth of the link is there is a need for a guard band of 10 kHz between the
channels to prevent interference? (4 Marks)
25. Explain with suitable diagram PCM encoder used for analog to digital conversion and
quantization process with steps and example. (Explain the three step procedure of PCM for
analog to digital conversion with example.) (8 Marks, Jul 2017, Dec 2017, Jan 2020)
26. Explain amplitude shift keying modulation process. (4 Marks, Jul 2017)
27. Find out bit rate if available bandwidth is 100 kHz which spans from 200 to 300 kHz.
Consider ASK with d=1, r=1. (4 Marks, Jul 2017)
28. What is multiplexing? Define synchronous TDM with data rate management strategies.
(8 Marks, Jul 2017, July 2018)
29. What is spread spectrum? Explain FHSS and bandwidth sharing. (8 Marks, Jul 2017)
30. Define multiplexing. State and explain the data rate management to handle disparity in input
data rates in TDM. (5 Marks, Dec 2017)
31. We need to send data 3 bits at a time at a bit rate of 3 Mbps. The carrier frequency is 10
MHz. Calculate the number of levels (different frequencies, band rate and bandwidth).
(4 Marks, Dec 2017)
32. Explain how message can be sent from one system to another using datagram approach and
calculate the total delay with appropriate diagrams. (6 Marks, Dec 2017, Jan 2020)
33. List the characteristics of virtual circuit networks. (4 Marks, July 2019)
34. Explain Digital to digital conversion. (7 Marks, July 2019)
35. What is circuit switching? Enumerate the characteristics of circuit switching. ANalyze the
three stages of circuit switching. (10 Marks, Jan 2020)

MODULE III
ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION
1. Explain the types of errors. (How does a single bit error differ from burst error?)
(4 Marks, July 2019, Jan 2020)
2. Explain the Process of error detection in block coding? (5 Marks)

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Data Communication Question Bank

3. Explain Encoder and decoder for simple parity-check code? (6 Marks)

4.What is CRC? Explain how CRC is used in detecting errors for the following polynomial,
g(x)=x4+x+1. Consider the information sequence 1101011011,
(i) Find the codeword corresponding to this sequence.
(ii) If the codeword has error in third bit, what does receiver obtain when it does its error
checking? (6 Marks)
5.What is hamming distance? Explain simple parity check code C (5,4) with d min=2. How
many bits can be corrected? (6 Marks)
6.Explain Minimum Hamming Distance for Error Detection and Simple parity-check code C (5,
4). (6 Marks)
7.Explain General design of encoder and decoder of a CRC code with neat diagram?
(10 Marks, Jan 2020)
8.What is internet checksum? With an example list the steps undertaken by the sender and
receiver for error detection. (6 Marks, Dec 2017)
9.Explain the checksum, with an example. (6 Marks)
10.Explain Fletcher Checksum with neat diagram. (6 Marks)
11.Explain Adler Checksum with neat diagram. (6 Marks)
12.Draw a CRC encoder and decoder for CRC code with C(7,4). Also explain how this CRC
design works, with an example. (8 Marks)
13.Find the codeword, using CRC given data word “1001” and generator “1011”. (8 Marks)
14.Obtain CRC code word using generator polynomial g(x)=x3+x+1, for the data [1001]. Give
the hardware realization of CRC divisor. (6 Marks)
15.Explain error detection and error correction with respect to block coding. (5 Marks)
16.Explain the structure of encoder and decoder for hamming code. (6 Marks)
17.Find the codeword, using CRC given dataword 1001 and generator 1011. (6 Marks)
18.What is the Hamming Distance? Find the minimum Hamming distance of the coding scheme
shown in the table. (8 Marks)
19.Define Framing? Explain the following: Frame Size, Character-Oriented Framing and Bit-
Oriented Framing. (10 Marks)
20.Explain Connectionless and connection oriented Protocols. (4 Marks)

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Data Communication Question Bank

21.Explain point to point protocol and its frame format. Also briefly describe different transition
phases of PPP in establishing a connection from home PC to ISP. (10 Marks)
22.Explain briefly, HDLC frames. (6 Marks)
23.Explain briefly, FSM for the Stop-and-Wait protocol with neat diagrams. (10 Marks)
24.Explain the frame format and transitional phases of point-to-point protocol.
(8 Marks, July 2018)
25.Explain The following: Link Control Protocol (LCP), two Authentication Protocols (APs),
and several Network Control Protocols (NCPs). (10 Marks)
26. How does datawords and codewords is represented in block coding and also explain how can
errors be selected and corrected by using block coding. (10 Marks, Jul 2017)
27. Find the code word using CRC given data is 1101 and generator is 1100.(6 Marks, Jul 2017)
28. With a neat diagram, explain any two protocols of noisy channel. (12 Marks, Jul 2017)
29. Explain the frame format of HDLC protocol. (5 Marks, Jul 2017, Jan 2020)
30. Define cyclic code. Find the code word at sender site using CRC given data word 101001111
and generator 10111. (5 Marks, Dec 2017, July 2018)
31. Explain different frame types in HDLC. (6 Marks, Dec 2017)
32. Explain transition phases of PPP protocol with Finite State MAchines. . (5 Marks, Jan 2020)
. (5 Marks, Dec 2017)
33. Explain with neat diagram, simple parity check code. (6 Marks, Dec 2017)
34. Explain with examples, computation of internet checksum. List the steps undertaken by
sender and receiver for error detection. (5 Marks, Dec 2017)
35. Explain stop-and-wait protocol with appropriate diagrams.
(5 Marks, Dec 2017, July 2018, Jan 2020)
36. Define frames. Explain the steps of flow control at data link layer with diagram.
(8 marks, July 2018)
37. Given message = 1011011 k=7 and generator polynomial P(X) = X + X2 + X0, n=3. Find the
3

codeword and design the checker in the receiver using CRC. (5 Marks, Jan 2020)
38. Explain Selective Repeat ARQ protocol for noisy channels. (5 Marks, Jan 2020)

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Data Communication Question Bank

MODULE IV
MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL
1. Explain the following random protocols:
(i) CSMA (ii) CSMA/CD (iii) ALOHA (iv) CSMA/CA (10 Marks)
2. Describe the different controlled access methods. (10 Marks)
3. Define channelization and list its three protocols. (7 Marks, July 2019)
4.Discuss 802.3 MAC frame format and frame length. Mention the restriction imposed on
minimum and maximum lengths of 802.3 frame. What are salient features of fast Ethernet?
(5Marks, Dec 2017, Jan 2020)
5.A network transmits 200 bit frame on a shared channel of 200 kbps. For aloha and slotted
aloha, what is the i) requirement to make the frame collision free?
ii) throughput if the system produces 1000 frames/sec? (8 Marks, Dec 2017)
6.Define channelization and list its three protocols. (10 Marks)
7. How does p-persistent method improve efficiency? (6 Marks)
8. A pure ALOHA network transmits 200 bit frames on a shared channel of 200 kbps. What is
the throughput if the system produces 1000 frames per second? (6 Marks)
9.List out random access protocols and explain CSMA/CA protocol with a neat flow diagram.
(8 Marks, July 2018)
10.What is CSMA? Explain the different persistence methods of CSMA. (6 Marks)
11.Explain why collision is an issue in a random access protocol but not in controlled access or
channelizing protocols? (9 Marks, July 2019)
12.Explain the Characteristics of the Standard Ethernet. (4 Marks)
13.Distinguish between Unicast, Multicast and Broadcast transmission. (4 Marks)
14.Explain the Implementation of standard Ethernet. (4Marks)
15. Explain the MAC sub layer of gigabit Ethernet. (6 Marks)
16.Explain the Physical layer of gigabit Ethernet. (6 Marks)
17.Write short note for following:
i) Token Passing ii) Gigabit Ethernet iii) Polling (6 Marks)
18.Explain the characteristics of Wireless LAN’s with its architecture.
(8 marks , July 2018)
19.State the 3 reasons why CSMA/CD algorithms doesn’t work in wireless LAN’s. (4 Marks)

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Data Communication Question Bank

20.Describe the MAC layers in IEEE 802.11 standard (6 Marks)

21. Describe the architecture in IEEE 802.11 standard. (6 Marks)
22.Explain the hidden and exposed station problems in IEEE 802.11. (10 Marks)
23. Discuss the 802.11 MAC layer frame format. (8 Marks)
24. Explain the different types of addressing mechanisms in IEEE 802.11. (10 Marks)
25. Explain the services of 802.11 standards. (4 Marks)
26. Define Bluetooth. Describe Bluetooth architectures.
(6 Marks, Jul 2017, Dec 2017, July 2018, Jan 2020)
27. What is channelization? List and explain the channelization protocols, explain CDMA.
(12 Marks, Jul 2017, Dec 2017, July 2018, Jan 2020)
28. Describe Gigabit Ethernet. (4 Marks, Jul 2017, Jan 2020)
29. Describe pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA protocols. (6 Marks, Jul 2017, Jan 2020)
30. What is the need for access protocols? Explain Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision
Detection (CSMA/CD) with suitable flow diagram. (7 Marks, Jul 2017, Jan 2020)
31. A network using CSMA/CD has a bandwidth of 10 Mbps. If the propagation time is 25.6 µs,
what is the size of the frame? (3 Marks, Dec 2017)
32. Explain 10 Gigabit Ethernet implementation. (8 Marks, July 2019)
33. What are the advantages of dividing Ethernet LAN with bridge? (6 Marks, July 2019)
34. Define spread spectrum technique used by Bluetooth. (6 Marks, July 2019)

MODULE V
OTHER WIRELESS NETWORK
1. Explain two types of WiMAX services? (6 Marks)
2. Explain WiMAX MAC frame format in brief? (10 Marks)
3. Explain the operation of the cellular telephony. (6 Marks, Dec 2017, Jan 2020)
4.Explain First Generation (1G) of Cellular telephony? (8 Marks)
5.Explain Second Generation (2G) of Cellular telephony? (10 Marks)
6. What is Cellular Telephony? Explain Third Generation (3G) of Cellular telephony.
(6 Marks, July 2019)
7. Define Wimax. Explain Fourth Generation (4G) of Cellular telephony? (8 Marks, July 2018)

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Data Communication Question Bank

8. Explain Three Categories of Satellite: geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), low-Earth-orbit

(LEO), and medium-Earth-orbit (MEO). (8 Marks, July 2019)
9. Explain IP datagram in brief? (10 Marks)
10. Three Address Types of IPV6. (6 Marks)
11. List the difference between IPv4 and IPv6. Explain Three strategies which is devised for
transition from IPv4 to IPv6. (8 Marks, Dec 2017, July 2018, July 2019, Jan 2020)
12.Explain IPV6 Address space in detail (6 Marks)
13. Explain the following W.R.T IPV6
i. Auto Configuring
ii. Renumbering
iii. Address space allocation (6 Marks)
14.Explain IPV6 Packet Format in detail. (8 Marks)
15. Write a note on IPV6 header extension. (4 Marks)
16. Explain various ICMPv6 messages. or
Explain the following w.r.t. ICMPv6 Protocol
i.Error -Reporting Message
ii.Neighbour- discovery Message
iii. Group Membership Message (6 Marks, July 2019)
17. What is Mobile IP? Explain the three phases of Mobile IP communication.
(8 Marks, July 2019)
18.With neat diagram illustrate
i. Registration request format
ii.Registration request flag fields. (6 Marks)
19.Name and elaborate the inefficiency in mobile IP. (4 Marks)
20.Brief about IP Maximum Transfer Unit with neat Diagram. (4 Marks)
21.With neat diagram elaborate fragmentation example for IP. (4 Marks)
22. Explain satellite nertworks and its categories. (12 Marks, Jul 2017, Jan 2020)
23. Write a short note on Fixed WiMAX. (4 Marks, Jul 2017, Jan 2020)
24. Define home address in mobile IP. Explain mobile IP with 3 phases.
(12 Marks, Jul 2017, July 2018)
25. Write a short note on IPV6 addressing. (4 Marks, Jul 2017)

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Data Communication Question Bank

26. Explain the special addresses supported by IPV6. (4 Marks, Dec 2017)
27. Explain IP datagram format with neat diagram and give the description of each field.
(8 Marks, Dec 2017, July 2018, Jan 2020)
28. Explain the working of mobile IP with diagram. (8 Marks, Dec 2017, Jan 2020)
29. Explain the advantage of IPv6 compared to IPv4. (6 Marks, July 2019)
30. Describe 3 security issues that are applicable to IP protocol. (8 Marks, July 2019)
31. Which protocol is the carrier of the agent advertisement and solicitations messages?
(6 Marks, July 2019)
32. What are the different types of extension headers in IPv4? Explain. (6 Marks, July 2019)
33. Explain the benefits of renumbering and auto configuration. (7 Marks, July 2019)
34. Distinguish between compatible and mapped address and explain their applications.
(7 Marks, July 2019)
35. Explain the various components of cellular system with neat diagram. (6 Marks, July 2019)

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