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Use of Excel in Civil Engineering Problems

This document provides an overview of using Excel for civil engineering problems. It discusses Excel basics like worksheets, cells, and ranges. It explains how to enter and edit data, select cells, use basic formulas and functions, and address cells relatively and absolutely. The document also covers printing, saving files, and getting help in Excel.

Uploaded by

Manish Shashikant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
379 views

Use of Excel in Civil Engineering Problems

This document provides an overview of using Excel for civil engineering problems. It discusses Excel basics like worksheets, cells, and ranges. It explains how to enter and edit data, select cells, use basic formulas and functions, and address cells relatively and absolutely. The document also covers printing, saving files, and getting help in Excel.

Uploaded by

Manish Shashikant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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USE OF EXCEL IN CIVIL

ENGINEERING PROBLEMS
3.1. Introduction to M.S EXCEL
3.2. Basics of M.S EXCEL

Overview of spreadsheets
A spreadsheet consists of cells. Each cell has a name derived from the cell’s Column and Row.
i.e. Cell B2 is in column B, second row

Each workbook (file) consists of sheets.


Each sheet has columns names from A through Z, then AA through AZ, BA through BZ, and so on.
The last column is IV.
There are 65,536 rows in one sheet.

Worksheets
Adding Sheets
To add another sheet to the workbook, from the menu choose Insert, Worksheet.
Deleting Sheets
To delete a worksheet, with the right mouse button, click on the sheet name. A menu will appear
with the option of deleting the worksheet.
Renaming Sheets
To rename a worksheet either double click on the sheet name and type in the new name
or
with the right mouse button, click on the sheet name. A menu will appear with the option of
renaming the worksheet.

Help
Context Sensitive
“Help” is context sensitive. Clicking on the help button in any dialogue box will bring up the help for
that topic.

will also bring up help.


In “Help”, any words in green are called HOT SPOTS. If the hot spot has a solid underline, clicking
on it will hyperlink to another page. If the hot spot has a dashed underline, clicking on it will bring up
a pop-up, usually a definition.
Enter Data - Keyboard Shortcuts
After entering data into a cell, use the Arrow Keys instead of the

Enter Key to confirm the data in the cell and move to the next cell.

-or-Block off the area needed for data entry, start entering the data hitting enter after each entry. Note:
As soon as an arrow key is pressed, the block is removed.

Edit Data - Keyboard Shortcuts


To make changes to a cell without having to retype the whole cell, click on the formula bar with the
mouse to make changes using the formula bar, press enter when done
Change View
Zoom - to change the view use the zoom control on the
toolbar
or
from the menu choose
View Zoom

then make the desired


choices in the zoom

dialogue box.

Note: Changing the


view does not change how the document will print. It only
changes how the data is displayed on the screen.

Select Cells/Ranges
A Range is a group of cells in a rectangle with all cells touching.

Mouse:
click and drag across cells
Click on the first cell, hold the shift key, and click on the last cell of
the desired range
Click on the row name to select the whole row from column A to IV
Click on the column name to select the whole column from row 1 to
65536

Clicking on the button above the row names and to the left of the
column names will select the whole spread sheet.

Keyboard:

Use the combination of shift and arrows to select cells


Click in the first cell, then with the shift key held down, click in the
last cell.
Select Non Contiguous Cells/non-Ranges
Hold down the control key while using the mouse to click on desired
cells
Basic Formulas
Formulas in a spread sheet to the math in the following order:
() Anything in the parentheses first
^ Powers
*/ Multiplication and Division
+- Addition and Subtraction

i.e. 5+3*2 = 11 (5+3)*2 = 16

Basic Functions
A function has three parts:
An equal sign, the function name, and the function’s arguments enclosed in parentheses
(necessary even if the function has no arguments.
i.e. =SUM(range or elements)
=NOW()

Auto Sum
The sum function has a button on the toolbar for quick entry

Creates the =SUM () function guessing at the range need for the arguments. These ranges
may be changed.

Errors
Circular Reference Error
A Circular Reference Error occurs when the total is included in the range of a formula

#Value Error
A #Value Error occurs when the formula is created that tries to calculate something other than a
number.

#Ref Error
A #Ref Error occurs when a cell is trying to reference a cell that does not exist.

######## display in cell


When a cell fills with pound signs instead of the number it means the cell width is too small. The
number is still there for calculating purposes.
Fill Down
Click on the cell to be copied. Place the mouse over the little black square in the bottom right
corner of the cell. A cross hair will appear. Drag the cross hair in the direction to be copied.

Relative/Absolute Addressing
An Absolute Address does not change in the relation to where it is copied. A Relative address will
adjust the address by adding one to every row copied down, and adding one to every column copied
to the right. Moving up, or to the left will subtract a row or column.

Place a $ before either row, column., or both to make it absolute.

$A1 The $ before the column keeps the column from changing. The column is absolute, the row is
relative.
A$1 The $ before the row keeps the row from changing. The column is relative, the row is absolute

$A$1 The$ before both the column and row makes the whole addess an absolute address.
Save a Document/File
Use the file save button on the toolbar. (Brings up the save as dialog box the first
time a document is saved. After that, it does a quick save.)
File - Save (Brings up the save as dialog box the first time a document is saved. After
that, it does a quick save.)

File - Save As

Open a Document/File
Use the file open button on the toolbar.

File Open on the menu.

Print Preview

Use the Print Preview button on the toolbar From the menu choose File - Print
Preview

Set Print Area


Select area to be printed

From the menu choose File-Print Area

To remove the Print Area, from the menu choose File-Print Area – Clear All Print
Areas.

Printing a Document
On the toolbar select the print button

From the menu choose File-Print

Note: Choosing File-Print from the menu will give you more control over the printing
process

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