D.E.

I TECHNICAL COLLEGE, DAYALBAGH AGRA 5

III SEMESTER ELECTRICAL ENGG.
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND MEASUREMENTS
QUESTION BANK

Unit 1

Recall of sinusoidal function: terminology, sinusoidal equation voltage and current

instantaneous, R.M.S., & average value & their interrelations. Phasor representation -
phase angle.
Circuit parameter: current and voltage in R, L&C parameter. Power consumption in
such cases included.
Sinusoidal steady state response: Single phase series and parallel circuits, RL , RC &
RLC. Steady state analysis of RLC circuit proving sinusoidal excitation. Condition for
resonance in series parallel, bandwidth & q-factor.

1) Derive the equation of alternating E.M.F. induced in a coil rotating in a

stationary magnetic field.
2) Define maximum, average, and R.M.S. values of an alternating quantity and
deduce relation between them for a sinusoidal varying wave.
3) In a sinusoidal varying alternating current define form factor and peak factor
and obtain their values.
4) An a.c. voltage of 50 Hz has a peak value of 100 v. (a) write an equation to
calculate the instantaneous voltage. (b) Write the equation of instantaneous
current and lagging the voltage wave by 450. (c) Find out the average and
effective value of voltage & current.
5) The output voltage wave of half wave rectifier is given. Find the effective
value, average value & form factor.

6) Find the average and effective value & form factor for the full wave rectified
sine wave.
7) Derive relationship between current and voltage for (a) Purely capacitive
circuit. (b)Purely inductive circuit.
 8) Show that the power consumed in purely inductive or purely capacitive is
zero.
9) Define the terms (i) real power (ii) apparent power (iii) reactive power as
applied to ac circuits & hence derive a relation between them.
10) An inductive coil takes 10 A and dissipates 1000W when connected to 250V,
25Hz supply. Calculate the impedance, resistance, reactance, inductance,
power factor & angle of lag.
11) A 200V and 50Hz inductive circuit takes a current of 10A at 300 lag. Calculate
the resistance, reactance, inductance of the circuit.
12) A 100V 60W lamp is to be operated at 220V 50Hz supply mains. Find what
values of (a)Non inductive resistance (b)pure inductance would be required so
that so that the lamp is not overrun .which be preferable (a) or (b) & why?
13) Define power factor in an ac circuit .A power factor of .8 p.f. lagging load
draws 100A from a 250 v 50 Hz mains find (i) value of power & apparent
power (ii)the values of circuit constants.
14) A coil of inductance 0.5H and resistance 80Ω is connected in parallel to 20 µF
capacitance and the combination is connected in parallel combination is
connected across 230v 50Hz supply. Find (i)total current (ii)p.f. of the parallel
combination (iii)power taken
Unit 2

PHASOR REPRSENTATION & COMPLEX ALGEBRA: complex algebra j method

and polar method of representation of electrical quantities and their application in
series and parallel circuit
POWER: apparent, true, active, reactive, power factor
POWER MEASURMENT: measurement of power &P.F. I a single phase by 3
ammeter, 3 volt meter &wattmeter method
LOCUS DIAGRAM: current locus of series circuit with one element varying.
PARALLEL CIRCUITS: locus for parallel circuits having two branches and varying
parameter

15) The current in a circuit is (5+j10) amps and the applied voltage is (150+j100)
volts. Calculate (a) impedance in complex form. Will it be inductive or
capacitive? (b)power (c)Angle between voltage and current
16) A circuit having a resistance of 40 Ω in parallel with an inductive reactance of
30Ω. Is connected across 240V ac mains. Calculate the current in each branch
& total current using (a) impedance method (b)j-method.
17) A & B are two circuits connected in parallel across a 200V supply the circuit
consists of a choke coil of resistance 50Ω and inductive reactance 20Ω. Circuit
B consists of a non inductive resistor of 5Ω in series with a capacitive
reactance 8Ω. Calculate (i) total current (ii)p.f. of combined circuit [use j
method]
18) A current of 5-j4 amps flowing across a voltage of 8+j6 determine the (a) true
power (b)reactive power
19) Explain what is meant by series resonance in an ac circuit and deduce the
expression for resonant frequency & quality factor
20) Explain resonance in parallel circuits and deduce the expression for resonant
frequency.
21) What is q factor & dynamic impedance in parallel circuits?
 22) A coil has a resistance of 25Ω and a inductance of 1.04 H. A condenser is
connected to it in (a)series (b) parallel with the coil to give resonance at 100
Hz. Calculate the total current drawn form a 200V source in each case.
23) A resistance of 5Ω and an inductance of 0.71H are put in series with a variable
capacitance and the combination is supplied from 100V 50Hz. Find
(a)constant capacitance which will give maximum value of current (b)P.D.
across each element
24) Show that the locus of current is a semicircle in (i)RL circuit (ii) RC circuit
with (A)constant reactance and variable resistance (B) constant resistance
and variable reactance
25) Derive expression for condition of power to be maximum in series R-L & R-C
circuit having constant resistance and variable reactance.
26) Draw the locus diagram of for a series circuit consisting of a variable
capacitance and a fixed resistance of 15 ohms and connected across 240v ac
supply. Determine the value of current & pf when capacitive reactance is 20 Ω.
27) A coli of resistance 20 Ω & reactance 1Ω is connected in parallel with series
circuit consisting of fixed inductive reactor of 12Ω and a variable reactance
varying between 5Ω & 10Ω .draw the locus diagram of the current vector and
find maximum and minimum value of current..

UNIT 3

POLYPHASE CIRCUITS: Generation of 3 phase, 3 wire & 4 wire systems, their

advantages, star delta circuit, relationship between phase and line value of current and
voltages. Analysis of balanced 3 phase circuit. Expression for power. Numerical
examples for balanced and unbalanced circuits.
POWER MEASURMENT: Measurements of power in 3 phase circuit by single
wattmeter & double wattmeter method (derivation included) Affects of P.F. on
wattmeter reading in a 2wattmeter method in 3 phase balanced circuits. Simple
numerical problem in 3 phase balanced and circuits

28) What is a three phase system? What is its main advantage over single phase
system?
29) What are star and delta systems? Compare them.
30) Deduce the relation between phase and line voltage and currents in a three
phase (a) star system (b) delta system

31)
A) Deduce the power in three phase balance load in terms of line voltage
,line current and power factor and show that it is same for both star and
delta networks
B) explain the method of measuring power in 3 phase circuit (i)single
wattmeter (ii)2 wattmeter

32) Three similar impedances of 20-j15ohms are connected in (a)star (b)delta are
connected across 400 volt 3 phase line. Calculate line current line voltage
&phase current phase current phase voltage in each case
 33) The name plate of an ac motor reads as follows: 74.6 Kw, 3Φ, 400v, 0.8 p.f. &
efficiency 88%, calculate the current drawn from the supply and phase current
in the motor winding.
34) A three phase 500v motor load has a power factor of .4two wattmeter are
connected to measure the power shows the input to be 30 Kw .find the
readings of wattmeter
Unit 4

MEASURING INSTRUMENT: primary and secondary instrument – indicating

recording & integrating. Deflecting controlling and damping torque and their
significance in indicating instrument. Extension of range of ammeter and voltmeter
using shunt and multiplier. Simple numerical problem on extension of range.
Principle constructional detail and application of dynamometer type wattmeter.
Principle constructional detail and application of three phase and single phase
induction type energy meter. Error of energy meter and their remedies. Testing of
energy meter by phantom load method. Simple numerical on energy meter testing
errors

35) What are primary and secondary instruments? Give examples of each.
36) What are the basic requirements of indicating instruments? Give at least one
examples of each.
37) Differentiate between indicating, recording & integrating type instruments and
give at least one examples of each.
38) What is damping? Explain eddy current damping.
39) What do you mean by extension of range of an instrument? How will you
increase the range of (a) ammeter (b) voltmeter?
40) (A) What is the difference between ammeter shunt and voltmeter multiplier?
(B) Derive an expression for the shunt resistance. What is multiplying factor?
41) A moving coil ammeter reading up to 1 ampere has resistance of .02 ohms
.how could this instruments be adopted to read (i)current up to 100 ampere
42) Describe the principle of dynamometer type instruments and in what respect
does differs it from permanent magnet moving coil instruments?
43) Describe with a neat sketch the construction and working principle of a
dynamometer type wattmeter. Give its advantages.
44) Explain the construction and working of a single phase induction type
energymeter. What are the various type of adjustment provided in such a
meter?
45) What are the various type of test carried out for an alternating energy meter?
Explain phantom load test and also explain the advantages of such test.
46) A 25 A, 220 volt has a constant 500 revolution per kwh if on a full load of 440
W its disk gives 5 revolution in 83 seconds. Calculate the error. Is the meter
slow or fast?
47) An induction energy meter is designed to make 600 revolution / kWh.
Determine the number of revolution the disk should make when the current of
10A at p.f. of 0.8 passes through it for two hour at 230 volts. Determine the %
errors if the actual numbers of revolution are 2250.

Unit 5
SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS: (A) construction, principles and use of megger.
(B)Principles Construction and uses of (a) M.D. indicators (b) Frequency indicators
(c) P.F. meters (d) synchroscopes
ELECTRONIC INSRUMENTS: construction, principle of operation and uses of
electronic multimeter (AVO meter)

48) What is maximum demand indicator? Explain the construction and the
working of any one of the M.D. indicator.
49) What are various types of frequency meter? Describe the working of the
electrical frequency meter.
50) Sketch a vibrating read frequency meter and describe its working. Give its
limitation and advantages.
51) Describe with the help of neat sketch the working and construction of single
phase power factor meter.
52) Write a short note on any of the two of the following (i)Merz-Price M.D.
indicator (II) M.L. P.F. meter (III) frequency meter (iv) synchroscope
53) Draw the internal connection diagram of a synchroscope and give its working
and uses.
54) What are the essential conditions for two alternators to be synchronized? How
are these condition achieved?
55) Write a short note on instruments transformer.
56) Describe principle construction and working of the megger and draw a sketch
showing its internal connection. Give its uses.
57) Describe the construction principle and working of A.V.O. meter. Mention its
uses also.
.