Photo- The Daily Star

INTRODUCTION
Environmental degradation is an umbrella idea that coversa range of problems as well as pollution,
variety loss & animal extinction, deforestation & geological process, global warming, and heaps
additional.

Environmental degradation is that the deterioration of the atmosphere through depletion ofresources
like air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and therefore the extinction of wildlife. it's
outlined as any amendment or disturbance to the atmosphere seemed to be deleterious or undesirable.

Environmental degradation is one amongst the 10 threats formally cautioned by the High-level

Panel on Threats, Challenges and alter of the United Nations. The United Nations International Strategy
for Disaster Reduction defines environmental degradation as "The reduction of the capability of the
atmosphere to fulfill social and ecological objectives, and needs". Environmental degradation is of the
many varieties. once natural habitats area unit destroyed or natural resources area unit depleted, the
atmosphere is degraded. Efforts to counteract this problem embrace environmental protection and
environmental resources management.

CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

The primary reason for environmental degradation is human disturbance. The degree of the
environmental impact varies with the cause, the surroundings, and therefore the plants and animals that
inhabit it.

There area unit variety of how during which environmental degradation works. Classically,resources
merely become depleted. Air, water, and soil area unit all resources that area unit vulnerable to
depletion through overuse, as area unit natural resources like minerals and oil deposits. Habitat
pressures that force animals into alittle space may also contribute to resource depletion, as the animals
consume a high volume of fabric during a little space.

Pollution is another reason for environmental degradation. once the atmosphere becomes polluted, it
means unhealthful substances have rendered it unhealthy. Pollution will come back from a variety of
sources, as well as vehicle emissions, agricultural runoff, accidental chemical release from factories, and
poorly-managed harvest of natural resources.

Urbanization:
Lack of opportunities for paying employment in villages and therefore the ecological stresses is resulting
in AN ever increasing movement of poor families to cities. Mega citiesare rising and concrete slums
square measure increasing.

There has been an octuple increase in urban population over 1901-1991. throughout the past 20 years of
1999-2020, Bangladesh’s urban population has doubled. Such speedy and unplanned growth of cities
has resulted in degradation of urban surroundings. it's widened the gap between demand and provide of
infrastructural services like energy, housing, transport, communication, education, installation and
sewerage and recreational amenities, so depleting the dear environmental resource base of the cities.
The result's the growing trend in deterioration of air and water quality, generation of wastes, the
proliferation of slums and undesirable land use changes, all of that contribute to urban economic
condition. Water work and soil salinity:

Irrigation while not correct drain of water ends up in water work within the soil. Besides moving the
crops, water work attracts salt to the surface of the soil.

The salt then is deposited as a skinny crust on the land surface or starts grouping at the roots of the
plants. This raised salt content is hostile to the expansion of crops and is extraordinarily damaging to
agriculture. Water work and soil salinity square measure a number of the issues that have are available
the wake of the revolution.

Inappropriate land use will cause soil degradation. unhealthy farming techniques square measure
typically accountable for land degradation. deed fields clean, or tilling them up and down the edges of a
hill will cause severe wearing once it rains heavily because the soil has nothing keeping it in situ. once
the left over elements of crops and animal manure square measure plowed back to the soil they serve
to make full and fertilize it. However, if the crops square measure move be fed to animals and therefore
the manure is burnt as a fuel, the soil can don't have any approach of replenishing itself, and reduces in
fertility.Sometimes landowners create changes within the approach they use the land in an effort to form
the land a lot of productive, however typically these changes harm the land and actually create it less
productive.

Pollution growth:

Pollution, in no matter kind, whether or not it's air, water, land or noise is harmful to the surroundings.
pollution pollutes the air that we have a tendency to breathe, which causes health problems.

Water pollution degrades the standard of water that we have a tendency to use for drinking purposes.
Land pollution leads to the degradation of the earth’s surface as a results of human activities.

Noise pollution will cause irreparable harm to our ears once exposed to continuous giant appears like
honking of vehicles on a busy road or machines producing giant noise during a mill or a mill.

Land Disturbance:

A a lot of basic reason for environmental degradation is land harm.

Numerous weedy plant species, as an example, garlic & mustard, are both foreign and obtrusive.

A rupture within the environmental surroundings provides for them an opportunity to start growing and
spreading. These plants will assume management over nature,eliminating the native verdure.
The result's a territory with a solitary predominant plant that doesn’t offer satisfactory food assets to any
or all the environmental life. so the entire environment are often destroyed owing to these invasive
species.

Pollution

Pollution, in no matter kind, whether or not it's air, water, land or noise is harmful to the surroundings.
pollution pollutes the air that we have a tendency to breathe, which causes health problems.

Water pollution degrades the standard of water that we have a tendency to use for drinking purposes.
Land pollution leads to the degradation of the earth’s surface as a results of human activities.

Noise pollution will cause irreparable harm to our ears once exposed to continuous giant appears like
honking of vehicles on a busy road or machines producing giant noise during a mill or a mill.

Deforestation:

Deforestation is that the reducing of trees to create approach for a lot of homes and industries.
ascension in population and concrete sprawl square measure 2 of the major causes of deforestation.

Apart from that, the utilization of forest land for agriculture, animal grazing, harvest for fuelwood and
work square measure a number of the opposite causes of deforestation. Deforestation contributes to
heating as shriveled forest size puts carbon back to the surroundings.

Things like avalanches, quakes, recurrent event waves, storms, and wildres will altogether crush near
animal and plant teams to the purpose wherever they'll not survive in those areas this will either return
to fruition through physical demolition because the results of a specic disaster or by the future
degradation of assets by the presentation of Associate in Nursing obtrusive foreign species to the
surroundings. The latter often happens once recurrent event waves, once reptiles and bugs square
measure washed toward land.Of course, humans aren’t altogether responsible for this whole. Earth itself
causes ecological problems, as well. whereas environmental degradation is most commonly connected
with the items that folks do, the reality of the matter is that the surroundings is often dynamic . With or
while not the impact of human exercises, a couple of biological systems degrade to the purpose
wherever they can’t facilitate the life that's purported to live there.

Consequences:
Impact on Human Health
Human health may be at the receiving finish as a results of environmental degradation. Areas exposed
to toxic air pollutants will cause metabolism issues like respiratory illness and asthma attack.
innumerable folks square measure identified to own died because of the indirect effects of pollution.

Loss of diverseness
Biodiversity is necessary for maintaining the balance of the system within the kind of combating
pollution, restoring nutrients, protective water sources and stabilising climate. Deforestation, heating,
population and pollution square measure a couple of of the most important causes of loss of
diverseness.

Ozonosphere Depletion
The ozonosphere is accountable for protective the planet from harmful ultraviolet rays. The presence of
chlorouorocarbons, hydrochlorouorocarbons within the atmosphere, is inflicting the ozonosphere to
consume. because it can consume, it'll emit harmful radiation back to the planet.

Loss For the touristry trade

The deterioration of the surroundings is a large occurrence for the touristry trade that depends on
tourists for his or her daily support. Environmental injury within the kind of loss of inexperienced cowl,
loss of diverseness, immense landlls, magnified air and pollution is a giant put off for many of the
tourists.

Economic Impact
The huge price that a rustic could ought to borne because of environmental degradation will have a
signicant economic impact in terms of restoration of inexperienced cowl, improvement of landlls and
protection of endangered species. The economic impact also can be in terms of the loss of the touristry
trade.

Recommendation:
1. Stop Deforestation

In order to mitigate the adverse effects of environmental degradation, stopping deforestation is crucial
for our environmental system. we have a tendency to cannot afford to chop or burn trees down as trees
store greenhouse gases, manufacture chemical element and area unit the natural environment for
several animals and plants, which can become vulnerable if these forests area unit destroyed.

An extensive conversion campaign ought to be launched within the interest of environmental protection.
we are able to more build a positive impact through re-afforestation or conversion.

2. Government rules

Governments need intervening and setting a framework whenever there area unit issues that cause
signicant eco-degradation. Governments set high taxes for activities that damage our planet and support
environmentallyfriendly behavior with nancial subsidies.

These also will force industries and personal individuals to avoid activities that cause environmental
degradation.

3. Fines and penalisation For illegitimate selling There ought to even be high nes for illegitimate selling to
cut back the adverse ecological consequences. individuals and industries can still dump their trash illicitly
as they apprehend that though they get caught, penalties area unit quite low.

Therefore, raising nes for illegitimate selling would increase the inducement to get rid of trash at ofcial
waste disposal sites.

utilize and scale back Waste Generation

You can scale back waste production by mistreatment your things and food additional efciently. If you
would like to urge eliminate recent however still operating things, be artistic to administer it a
replacement look or use it in differently.

By doing thus, your material things are going to be used additional effectively. If they can't be place to
use any longer, separate them and provides them for utilisation.

4. Avoid Plastic

Plastic waste may be a massive environmental drawback that ends up in signicant plastic pollution and
also the degradation of our planet. so as to chop down plastic waste, avoid shopping for things with
plastic wrapper or packaging, refrain from mistreatment disposable plastic baggage, cups, plates,
containers, cutlery, etc. Instead, bring your own reusable stuff, which may be reused many times.

5. Education

It is extremely essential that youngsters ought to understand the adverse environmental consequences
of our existence behavior and also the ways that we are able to improve our ecological footprint.

This education ought to begin early at school. youngsters area unit sometimes additional desirous to
learn new things and alter their behavior compared to adults.

These youngsters area unit additional seemingly to act in associate degree environmentally-friendly
manner once they become older, and that they may additionally persuade their folks to behave in an
exceedingly additional ecologically friendly approach.

6. persuade Others

You can more enhance your positive impact by convincing people concerning the importance of
behaving in associate degree environmentally approach. Tell them what environmental degradation
extremely suggests that for future generations and the way dynamic little things in our existence will
stop these adverse effects.

As you'll be able to see, there area unit plenty of things that may have a bearing on the setting. If we
have a tendency to aren't careful, we are able to contribute to the environmental degradation that's
occurring all round the world.

We can, however, take action to prevent it and watch out of the planet that we have a tendency to board
by providing environmental education to the folks that can facilitate them choose familiarity with their
surroundings that may change to require care of environmental issues therefore creating it additional
helpful and guarded for our kids and different future generations.

REFERENCES:
http://en.wikipedia.org

http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com

Writer: Md Saeid Hasan Emon

Team: The Six Amigos