BAB IV MESIN CNC VMC -100

A. Elements of Mechine CNC VMC-100

The Elements of machine CNC VMC-100 : 1) Tool magazine for 10 tool,

2) Reference points in the working area, 3) Reference point approaching, 4 )
Distances in the working area, 5) Zero point offset, 6) Tool length offset, 7)
Screen display after zero offset and tool length offset, 8) Limits of working
area, 9) Technical data machine and control, 10) Structure and initial status of G
and M codes, 11) CNC control board.

1. Tool Magazine for 10 Tools

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2. Reference Points in the Working Area
Machine zero point M
Workpiece zero point W
Reference point R
Tool mount reference point N* also called TO
(tool lenght offset 0mm)
Tool point P

*with EMCO VMC-100: on face of reference

tool

3. Approaching the Reference Point

By approaching the reference point (R)

- the tool mount reference point (N)
moves (rapid traverse) to the reference
point - the measuring system is cali-
brated!
The software limits are active!

4. Distances in the Working Area

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XMR - Distance from the machine zero point to the reference
point in X axis

YMR - Distance from the machine zero point to the reference

point in Y axis

ZMR - Distance from the machine zero point to the reference

point in Z axis

XMN - Distance from the machine zero point to the tool mount
reference point in X 'axis

YMN - Distance from the machine zero point to the tool mount
reference point in Y axis

ZMN - Distance from the machine zero point to the tool mount
reference point in Z axis

XMW - Distance from machine zero point to the workpiece

zero point in X axis

YMW - Distance from machine zero point to the workpiece

zero point in Y axis

ZMW -Distance from the machine zero point to the workpiece

zero point in Z axis (max. 100 mm, otherwise danger
of collision when tool clamping)

Z N P - Distance from tool mount reference point to tool point in Z axis

(max. 49 mm)
Rs - Tool radius

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5. Zero point Offset

By the zero point offset the zero point (XO, YO, ZO) moves from the
machine zero point (M) to the workpiece zero point (W).

6. Tool length Offset

If a tool number is called up (e.g. T0101), the tool point (P) is active.

7. Screen Display after Zero Offset and Tool Length Offset

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 ZWP - Distance from the workpiece zero point to the tool point in Z axis.
XWP - Distance from the workpiece zero point to the tool point in X axis
YWP - Distance from the workpiece zero point to the tool point in Y axis
The actual XWP, YWP and ZWP values are permanently displayed on
screen.

8. Limits of Working Area

The working are is

determined by the
mechanical limits of the
slides.

In front of this limits, which

prevent this slides crashing
against the mechanical
limits.

B. Mode Manual dan Submode

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 MODE MANUAL

DISPLAY CHANGE
GRAPHIC ON STATUS REFERENCE
MODE TOOL

ASCCESSORY; DISPLAY OF ACTIVE ENLARGED

ACTIVATION OF FUNCTION G AND M; READING OF FOR CHANGING
FATH VALUE THE TOOLS BY APROACH TO
GRAPHIC F,S,T AND F%,S% REFERENCE POINT
SIMULATION VALUES X,Y,Z; HAND :
ADDITIONAL COUNTER FOR MACHINE
FUNCTION OF CLOCKWISE SYNCHRONISATION:
ACCESSORY

CLOCKWISE

1. Sub Mode Reference: Reference point Approaching

Switch on machine (cabinet fan running)

Submode Reference must be active

Cancel Alarm

Close door

Switch on auxiliary driver

Press Cycle START, there 3 slides traverse rapidly to
reference point. The measuring system is calibrated and
the software limit are set
If nothing moves:
Is Emergency off button pressed?
?
Is Feed Override on 0 ?
Is front door open?
Should be there another alarm, cancel it.

Interruption Operation

2. Inputs Manual Mode

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 Input feed rate
Input main spindle speed
Representation on symbol line
Spindle ON clockwise rotation

Spindle ON counterclockwise rotation

Spindle OFF
Override the main spindle speed
Traversing slides in MANUAL Mode
(the key MAN. JOG must be pressed at
the same time as the direction key).

FEED OVERRIDE FROM 1-120%

Cancel alarm
Index tool magazine (counterclockwise)
The keys MANJOG and Tool Magazine must be
pressed simultaneously.
Front door must be closed
Index tool magazine (clockwise)

Coolant ON
Central lubrication ON (is activated
automatically)
Auxiliary drives ON - OFF
3. Exercices
 Switch of control (If it is already switched on) wait about 20 seconds
 Switch on control and approach reference point
 Index tool magazine
 Input federate 500
 Move to coordinate point X240, Y90, Z100 in manual mode
 Move in +X direction and look what will happen
 Cancel Alarm
 Swivel tool magazine to station no. 6
 Switch the spindle in clockwise direction
 Override spindle speed to 60% and 120%
 Input main spindle speed 1500
 Switch OFF Spindle
 Switch on spindle on counterclockwise rotation
 Close front door
 Switch on coolant pump

4. Mounting of tools and tool-holders

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Explain your students the different tools . Show them how to clamp the tools into
the tool-holder and how to mount the toolholders onto the tool magazine.

Clamping tools into toolholder

Note: The distance from the tool mount reference point to the tool point (ZNP)
must be maximal 49 mm - otherwise danger of collision when swivelling.

Mounting toolholders onto tool magazine

MANUAL Select MANUAL Mode

Close front door
Swivel magazine until the desired free tool
station on top
Mounting of toolholder

Turn clamping screws (1) until the

toolholder can be inserted.

Turn clamping screws back again.

The holder is now mounted (with a small

necessary clearence).

Let the students mount the other tools

according to the tool data sheet

5. Taking and input of tool data

Taking the tool data means to take the tool length compensation (ZNP)
value = distance from the tool mount reference point (N - TO) to the tool point (P)
and the tool radius compensation value (R).

5.1 Taking the tool length compensation value with the dial gauge and the
direct take over of this value
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 Show your students how to take tool data.
Take the tool data in MANUAL
Mode
Touch with the reference tool
the dial gauge. Set gauge to
zero.
For exact tuning reduce
FEEDRATE
Take over of position of tool
mount reference point
Always set tool magazine free
before tool change
Swing in your first tool and
drive with tool point (P) onto
the dial gauge until it shows
zero. Remark: The difference of
the two values is the tool
compensation
Direct take over of tool data to
the tool data memory in register
(= line) 1 under Z address.

End of the tool data taking

5.2 Call up of tool data memory and input of tool radius

The input of tool radius is only

neccessary if you use the cutter path
compensation (G41/G42).

Select EDIT Mode

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 Calling the tool data memory
Calling a tool data register (correction number) -e.g. 1
Move cursor on R (tool radius)
Delete the existing value also zero
Put in tool radius (e.g. 8) and store it. Remark: The X and L
addresses are not active
Exit from the tool data memory
The students should take further tool data of the different tools and should
complete the tool data memory

5.3 Zero point shift - Position Shift Offset (PSO)

By the zero point shift the zero

point (XO/Y0/ZO) moves from the
machine zero point (M) to the
workpiece zero point (W).

In the position shift offset 5

different values (registers) divided
in two groups can be stored.

Discuss the shifting and how to

determine the offset values first by
slide and then at the machine.

What happens when shifting?

G54 or G55: Shifting from the

machine zero point to W1

G53: Deselect G54 or G55

G57, G58, G59: Shifting from

W1, to the work-piece zero point
(W2).

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 G56: Deselect G57, G58 or G59

5.3.1 Determining of offset values from M to W1

Shift from M to W, (G54 or G55) - measuring of machine vice after mounting

Determining of XMW1 and YMW1, with edge indicator

Select MANUAL mode and mount edge indicator on

milling head
Put in speed
Close front door
Switch on spindle
Drive slowly against fixed jaw of machine vice in X
direction

For exact positioning reduce

FEEDRATE. Read and note X value

Drive slowly against fixed jaw of

machine vice in Y direction

Spindle OFF
Example:
Radius of
Determine
edge Actual values
d Values
indicator
X=173 + 2 = 174(XMW1)
Y= 91 + 2 = 93 (YMW1)

Determining of ZMW1 with dial gauge

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 Mount dial gauge on spindle

Touch milling table with gauge and

calibrate it. Display on Monitor: Z = 73.
Read and note value
Lift and traverse milling head in
direction to machine vice

Touch machine vice with gauge until 0

position is reached.
Display on monitor: Z = 101
Read and note Z value

Determining of offset value:

101-73 = 28 mm (ZMW1)
This value can also determinated with a micrometer before mounting the machine
vice.

5.3.2 Input of the determined offset values

Show your students how to put in the determined values.

Call EDIT Mode

Call PSO registers

Select register 1 - G54

Delete old X value also zero
Input of XMW1 value
Delete old Y value also zero

Input of YMW1 value

Delete old Z value also zero
Input of ZMW
Leave PSO

5.3.3 Determining of offset values from W1 to W2 (incremental zero point

shift)

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 The distance depends on workpiece and spacers
and must be determined according to drawing.
Remark: Take into account a possible oversize
of the unmachined part.

Example 1:
X= 0
Y= 0
Z= 30

Example 2:
X = 90
Y = -50
Z = 30

The offset values can be put in and activated in

different ways.
One possiblity:
N0000 G54
N0010 G92 X... Y… Z...
N0020 G59
Zero point shift to W1 Input of zero offset values
from W, to W2 in PSO register 5 Activation of
register 5 Zero point shift to W2

C. Execute Mode and Possible Submode

MODE EXECUTE

DISPLAY
GRAPHIC ON STATUS
MODE

ASCCESSORY; ENLARGED
DISPLAY OF ACTIVE READING OF
ACTIVATION OF
FUNCTION G AND M; F,S,T FATH VALUE
GRAPHIC
AND F%,S% VALUES X,Y,Z;
SIMULATION
ADDITIONAL
FUNCTION OF
ACCESSORY

Activation of zero offset and tool length offset

Select EXECUTE Mode

Activate workpiece zero point
Activate tool length offset
Activate screen display

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 Now the actual X,Y,Z values from the
workpiece zero point (W) to the tool
point (P) are permanently displayed on
screen (this is used for manual machining
in MANUAL Mode)

D. EDIT Mode and Possible Submode

MODE EDIT

ENTER OR ENTER OR CHANGE

SELECT AND ENTER, LIST STRORE
CHANGE ZERO CHANGE DATA OPERATING STATES
CHANGE PROGRAM PROGRAM
POINT OFFSET TOOL IN USER MONITOR

SUB MODE EDIT

DISKETTE RS 232 PARALEL

PORT PORT PORT

TRANSFER OF PRINR OUT OF DATA VIA

TRANSFER
DATA TO OR “CENTRONICS”
OF DATA VIA
FROM DISKETTE INTERFACE. ONLY WITH
RS 232
RESP. ACCESSORY GRAHIC
INTERFACE
CASSETTE SIMULATION AND
CENTRONIC PLUG
POSSIBLE

INPUT INPUT

INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT

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1. Input of programs via Keyboard

Select EDIT Mode

Listing of stored programs
The program numbers of the stored
programs are listed. Now you can choose a
free program number
Clear screen
Indication of the available storage space
The storage capacity which is still available
is indicated (bytes). If no further capacities
are free you have to erase a program from
program memory (main memory) before the
input of a new program.
Clear screen

Open a program and enter blocks

Take over O12 to buffer store
O12 is taken over to program memory. The
block number N0000 is proposed.

N0000 is opened in the buffer store.

Input of words from the first block in the
buffer store.
Take over of first block into the main
memory and proposal of next block
(N0010).
N0010 is opened in the buffer store

Input of words from the second block in the

buffer store.
Take over of second block into the main
memory and proposal of next block
(N0020).
N0020 is opened in the buffer store.
Input of words of the third block in the
buffer store (N0020)
Take over of third block into main memory
and proposal of next block (N0030)
……………………………….
Take over the last block number intothe
buffer store.
Input of the last block in the buffer store
Take over the last block into main memory
and program end

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2. Programs Corrections

Key forward in blocks

Key backward in blocks
Select block (e.g. N280)

Select last block

(Program length is not known)
Jump forward within block
Jump backward to block start

Corrections of words
e.g. correction of X25. to X14., clear Z-31
Select word
Clear entry (25.)
Enter 14.
Clear Z-31.
Take over correction block into the main
memory
Clear block
Select block
Clear block
Insert of a block
The block N46 is to be inserted between block
N40 and N50. "N0046 new" appears on the
screen
Block is opened in buffer store.
………. Enter block contents
N46 is inserted and taken over into main
memory.
Addition of a word
You have forgotten G40 in block N120
Select block N120
Jump to G00
Enter G40
Block is stored in buffer store
Block is stored in main memory

Renumbering of blocks
N65 is to be changed to N66
Select block N65
Keep pressing C.E. until all the digits of N are
deleted.

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 Enter block number with leading zeros
Renumbering of programs
Program O67 is to be renumbered to program
O75
Select program
Keep pressing C.E. until all the digits are deleted
Enter new program number with leading zeros.
Deletion of a program
Program 025 is to be deleted
Select program
Delete program
Call of a stored program

Program Cancellation

3. Exercises
 Call tool correction memory
 Call potition register
 Listing stored program
 Indication of the available strorage space
 Select submode in edit mode
 Open first program (O12) and enter block program
 Correct input mistake immediately
 Change the program number of the program to O13
 Renumbering of block

E. AUTOMATIC Mode

When the students have input the first program, it should be executed. Discuss
the program flow with your students and machine the first workpiece together.

AUTOMATIC
MODE

DISPLAY
GRAPHIC ON STATUS DRYRUN SINGLE
MODE

ACCESSORY DISPLAY OF PROGRAM TEST EACH BLOCK

ENLARGED
ACTIVATION OF ACTIVE G AND M WITH CONSTANT IS STARTED
READING OF PATH
GRAPHIC FUNCTION; FEED WITHOUT WITH
VALUES X,Y,Z.
SIMULATION F,S,T,F%, S% WORKPIECE AND
ADDITIONAL
VALUES FUNCTIONS WITH COOLANT
ACCESSORY

1. Preconditions
 Reference point has been approached

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  Program must be stored
 Front door must be closed
 Tool data register and PSO are set up
 Workpiece is clamped properly

2. Types of program runs

2.1 Program test without axis movement
This test checks, if the CNC program has formal mistakes and the
programmed travels can be driven.

Requirements
 The programmed starting point of the tool should be identical with the end
position.
 In the M30 block no traversing motion should be programmed.

Select AUTOMATIC Mode

Before a new program is called up for processing, the
RESET key should always be pressed.

Select program

Select last block (M30)

Program test starts - if the end position is not traversed
and the active tool is not swivelled in, there is first a
tool change and then the end position will be
traversed, then the program will be simulated inside
the computer.

If the simulation is interrupted by ALARM

Select EDIT Mode

Perform the correction,

Select AUTOMATIC Mode
Start from the beginning

2.2 Program test with axis movement (DRYRUN)

This program test should take place without a workpiece.

Select AUTOMATIC Mode

Select program

Select DRYRUN (the complete program rapid traverse)

In addition you can select the submode SINGLE

Program test start

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 If the simulation is interrupted by ALARM
(e.g. aborted block N70)
Select EDIT Mode

Program correction

Select AUTOMATIC Mode

Press RESET key

Select the aborted block

Continue program test

2.3 Program test in SINGLE BLOCK Mode

(Program test with clamped workpiece, every block has to be started

separately)
Select Automatic Mode

Select program - if not active

Select submode SINGLE (advisable for the first
workpiece)

FEED OVERRIDE on 0%
Attention: With the FEED OVERRIDE you can't stop
the tool turret swing!
Start block by block and look at the display:
X,Y,Z Actual values- position data (absolut) U,V,W
Remaining values (incremental) = difference between
command value and actual value

If you have no problems with this block, turn the feed

override to 100%. Tip: If the feed rate is to big or to
small - correct with FEED OVERRIDE (0 - 120%).

The speed also can be changed between 50 and 120%.

When the block is processed, turn the FEED

OVERRIDE on 0% and start the next block.

If no problems occured in the program test deselect the

SINGLE block mode (press again).

2.4 Working off the program in AUTOMATIC Mode

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 Select AUTOMATIC mode

Select program - if not active

Start program. The program runs to M30 and jumps

automatically to N0000.

3. Program interruptions

3.1 FEED HOLD

Program is stationary
Slides stop at once (except when thread cutting) Coolant is switched off.

Now you can also stop the spindel.

If no correction is necessary
Spindle on

Deselect FEED HOLD, program continues

3.2 SINGLE

SINGLE key can be pressed during the program run. The active
block is ended and then the slides stop. The main spindle and
coolant are not switched off.
Start next block

3.3 Open front door

By opening the front door the program run is interrupted and there will be the
ALARM "FRONT DOOR NOT CLOSED".

Close front door

Cancel alarms

Start position of the interrupted block will be reached again and the
program continues

4. Abortion of programs

4.1 RESET

Use reset if you must correct the program, All drives stop, Program jumps to
N00, Cancellation of G41/G42, Cancellation of the active tool data and PSO data
The selected program remains

73
4.2 EMERGENCY OFF

Use only in emergencies!

It is the only possibility to interrupt the swivelling of the tool
magazine.

F. G Function G and M

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G. Program CNC VMC-100

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 Nomor Program :O0001
N0000 G54 G92 Z9.0
N0010 G59
N0020 M08
N0030 T0202 S1000 M03 F100
N0040 G00X-30.0 Y-10.0 Z5.0
N0050 G00 Z0.0
N0060 G01 X75.
N0070 Y-40.0
N0080 X-30.0
N0090 G00Z10.0 M05
N0100 T1010 M03 S1000 F100
N0110 G00 X-8.0 Y-30.0 Z5.0
N0120 Z-2.0
N0130 G01 X0.0 Y-25.0 G41
N0140 X25.0 Y0.0
N0150 X50.0 Y-25.0
N0060 X25.0 Y-50.0
N0170 X0.0 Y-25.0
N0180 X-8.0 Y0.0
N0190 G01 X-10.0 Y10.0 G40
N0200 G01 Z5.0
N0210 G01 X0.0 Y0.0 F200
N0220 Z-2.0 F30
N0230 G04 X100
N0240 Z5.0 F300
N0250 G01X50.0 Y0.0 F300
N0260 G01 Z-2.0
N0270 G00 Z5.0
N0280 G01 X50.0 Y-50.0 F300
N0290 G01 Z-2.0 F30
N0300 G00 Z5.0
N0310 G00 X0.0 Y50.0
N0320 G01 Z-2.0 F30
N0330 G04 X100
N0340 G00 Z5.0
N0350 G00 X10.0 Y10.0 M06
N0360 G53 G56 T0000
N0370 M30

H. Menjalankan Mesin CNC VMC -100

1. Mode Manual : Reference point Approaching

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 Switch on machine (cabinet fan running)

Submode Reference must be active

Cancel Alarm

Close door

Switch on auxiliary driver

Press Cycle START, there 3 slides traverse rapidly to
reference point. The measuring system is calibrated and
the software limit are set
If nothing moves:
Is Emergency off button pressed?
?
Is Feed Override on 0 ?
Is front door open?
Should be there another alarm, cancel it.

Interruption Operation

2. Mode Edit
 Panggil Program dari memori (O0001)
 Pastikan bahwa G54 (X,Y,Z) sudah tepat pada PSO (salah satu sisi
bawah kaku ragum)
 Pastikan bahwa data tool telah tepat pada T0
 Ikat benda kerja pada ragum dengan ketat dan ukur dimensi benda
kerja (50 x50 x15 mm) (dimensi ganjal harus lebih kecil dari bahan
benda kerja)
 Pastikan bahwa G92 sudah tepat pada program (tebal ganjal + tebal
benda kerja)

3. Mode Otomatis
 Penjejakan
 Blok tunggal
 Otomatis (Cyclestart)

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 BAB V MESIN CNC ET-120
A. Panel Pengendali
1. Adres Keyboard

2. Mode Keyboard

Mode Manual : Pelayanan Manual

Mode Edit : Masukan Program dengan program relevan, masukan
data untuk pergeseran dan alat potong, mode pita kaset, mode RS
232C, monitor pemakai
Mode Execute: Pemrosesan buffer penyimpan blok, pemanggilan
alat potong dan pergeseran posisi, sehingga harganya tersajikan
pada mode manual
Mode Otomatis: Memulai program tersimpan, blok tunggal, mode
blok lompat, mode penjajakan, uji jalan tanpa pergerakan sumbu.

93
3. Keyboard Fungsi

Menyimpan ke memori, pengukuhan

Shift disini berarti mengalihkan

C.E. = clear entry = menghapus masukan

C.BL= clear blok = menghapus blok

C.W = clear word = menghapus kata yang dipilih

C.PR = clear program = menghapus program, nomor program harus
dipilih dan ditemukn
Penyimpanan blok dari buffer penyimpanan blok ke dalam memori
utama, blok diakhiri dengan store next dan pada saat yang sama terjadi
lompata ke blok berikutnya
Pengerjaan balik secara blok dalam program

4. Keyboard Pengendali

Pengaturan kecepatan : berkurang atau bertambah

Pengaturan asutan : 0%-120% dari harga F aktif (kecuali

pemotongan ulir)

Tombol-tombol penjalan manual eretan: Tombol MAN-JOG

harus ditekan bersamaan dengan tombol arah dan harga F
harus dimasukkan

Sumbu utama hidup

Sumbu utama mati

Sumbu utama hidup dalam arah jarum jam

Sumbu utama hidup dalam berlawana arah jarum jam

Satu benda kerja yang aktif

Tombol pelumasan pusat

Tombol penggerak bantu on/hidup

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 Tombol penggerak bantu off/mati

Tombol pembawa tatal

Pada mode otomatis, dan mode Execute: jika setelah feed

hold, sumbu utama dimatikan dengan off dan kemudian
tombol on ditekan, sumbu utama berputar dalam arah
seperti semula.

Tombol pintu pelindung tatal

Revolver pahat diindeksi searah jarum jam

Revolver pahat diindeksi berlawanan arah jarum jam

Tombol pendingin

5. Machine Zero Point M and Tool Mount Reference Point N:

1. Machine Zero Point M

The machine zero point M is situated at the face side

of the main spindle. The machine zero point is the
origin of the axis system. Axis system is right hand
rotating coordinates system.

2. Tool Mount Reference Point N:

N is on the borehole's axis at the face side of the tool

turret. From this point on the tools are measured. If no
tools are active and if the machine zero point is not
offset the screen shows the measures ZMN and Ø
XMN.

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 2.3 Titik Nol Benda Kerja:
Sistim koordinat dapat dipindahkan
dari titik nol mesin ke setiap ti tik
yang dikehendaki penyusun pro
gram (pemprogram). Ukuran jarak
pe mindahan ZMW dimasukkan
dalam PSO.

2.4 Data alat potong :

Data alat potong X, Z diukur dari
titik N. Perhatikan, bahwa sistim
koordinat berada pada titik N. Pan
jang alat potong diukur dari titik N.
Hasil pengukuran ini dimasukkan
ke dalam memori data alat potong.

6. Daerah Kerja

Daerah kerja adalah ditentukan oleh pembatas mekanik dari eretan-eretan.

Pembatas perangkat lunak ditempatkan lebih-kurang 0.5 mm sebelum pembatas
mekanik. Pembatas perangkat lunak ini berfungsi untuk mencegah eretan bergerak
ke pembatas mekanik. Titik referensi N adalah merupakan titik dasar pengukuran.

Pada mode manual, 10 mm sebelum pembatas

perangkat lunak dicapai, kontrol akan
menayangkan "melampaui batas target".
Dalam jarak antara ini, ke cepatan pemakanan
akan berkurang secara otomatis sampai
setengahnya. Parameter untuk "melampaui
batas target" dapat di modifikasi pada mode
"Monitor Pemakai".

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B. Mode Manual and Possible Submode

MODE MANUAL

DISPLAY CHANGE
GRAPHIC ON STATUS REFERENCE
MODE TOOL

ASCCESSORY; DISPLAY OF ACTIVE ENLARGED

ACTIVATION OF FUNCTION G AND M; FOR CHANGING
READING OF APROACH TO
GRAPHIC F,S,T AND F%,S% THE TOOLS BY
FATH VALUE X,Z; REFERENCE POINT
SIMULATION VALUES HAND :
ADDITIONAL FOR MACHINE
COUNTER
FUNCTION OF SYNCHRONISATION:
CLOCKWISE
ACCESSORY

CLOCKWISE

1. Sub Mode Reference: Reference point Approaching

Switch on machine (cabinet fan running)

Submode Reference must be active

Cancel Alarm

Close door

Switch on auxiliary driver

Press Cycle START, there 2 slides traverse rapidly to
reference point. The measuring system is calibrated and
the software limit are set
If nothing moves:
Is Emergency off button pressed?
?
Is Feed Override on 0 ?
Is front door open?
Should be there another alarm, cancel it.

Interruption Operation

2. Inputs Manual Mode

Input feed rate

Input main spindle speed

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 Representation on symbol line
Spindle ON clockwise rotation

Spindle ON counterclockwise rotation

Spindle OFF
Override the main spindle speed
Traversing slides in MANUAL Mode
(the key MAN. JOG must be pressed at
the same time as the direction key).

FEED OVERRIDE FROM 1-120%

Cancel alarm
Index tool magazine (counterclockwise)
The keys MANJOG and Tool Magazine must be
pressed simultaneously.
Front door must be closed
Index tool magazine (clockwise)

Coolant ON
Central lubrication ON (is activated
automatically)
Auxiliary drives ON - OFF
3. Exercices
 Switch of control (If it is already switched on) wait about 20 seconds
 Switch on control and approach reference point
 Index tool magazine
 Input federate 500
 Move to coordinate point X40, Z100 in manual mode
 Move in +X direction and look what will happen
 Cancel Alarm
 Swivel tool magazine to station no. 6
 Switch the spindle in clockwise direction
 Override spindle speed to 60% and 120%
 Input main spindle speed 1500
 Switch OFF Spindle
 Switch on spindle on counterclockwise rotation
 Close front door
 Switch on coolant pump

98
4. Taking and input of tool data
Pengukuran diambil
berdasarkan titik N (titik
referensi alat potong
terpasang) dan dituliskan ke
dalam memori data alat
potong dengan tanda yang
benar (secara incremental).
Beberapa kemungkinan
untuk mendapatkan data alat
potong:

4.1 Jangka Sorong

Gambar di bawah ini menunjukkan posisi pengukuran, ukuran yang tepat hanya
diperoleh melalui titik N atau sumbu lubang alat potong, sedangkan ukuran
-ukuran lainnya adalah hasil pengukuran bebas.

99
4.2 Penyentuhan Puncak Mata Alat Potong ke Permukaan Diameter yang
Telah Diketahui dan Ujung Permukaan Suatu Benda Kerja

Persiapan:

1. Set parameter 040 Bit 1 ke ting gi (Nilai

untuk Bit 1 = 2), sehingga status kontrol
akan dapat menyimpan hasil penyentuhan
seta ra langsung.
2. Pasang sebuah benda kerja dengan diameter
dan panjang yang telah diketahui.

Penyimpanan Data Koreksi Alat Potong:

1. Sentuhkan untuk arah X

2. Masukkan Diameter benda kerja

Nilai X dari alat potong didaftarkan

3. Sentuhkan alat potong ke permukaaan ujung

benda kerja (arah Z).

, masukkan nilai Z,
nilai Z ini dihitung berdasarkan titik nol aktif.

Nilai Z dari alat potong didaftarkan.

4. Masukkan nomor alat potong

Nilai-nilai X dan Z dari alat potong

didaftarkan dalam nomor koreksi 01.

4.3 Pendaftaran Data Koreksi Alat Potong dengan Menggunakan Pencek

Optik

Pemasangan Pencek Optik:

Kencangkan pendukunq (1) dengan
pengikat (2). Pendukung harus
terpasang tepat sesumbu dengan bahu
baut (3), sehingga apabila anda inqin
memasang optik kembali, maka posisi
optik akan tetap terjamin sama.

100
 Jarak antara tabung optik dengan
sumbu mesin (puncak mata alat
potong) adalah kira-kira 80 mm.

4.3.1 Menghitung Selisih Hasil Pengukuran Puncak Mata Alat

Potong ke Titik N
Fungsi tabel :
1. Pasang alat pencek pada lubang alat
potong dalam yang terdapat pada turet.
Alat pencek ini diperlukan karena anda
tidak dapat melihat titik N melalui
optik. Gerakkan alat pencek, hingga
sudut alat pencek tersebut berada pada
titik sumbu optik. Masukkan nilai X =
20.265 mm dan Z = 116.250 - 20 mm=
96.250 ke dalam tabel.
Catatan :
Sistim optik adalah dengan
pemantulan, sehingga yang terlihat
melalui optik adalah merupakan
kebalikan posisi yang sebenarnya.

2. Pasang alat potong,

gerakkan puncak mata alat
potong ke salib sumbu
optik. Masukkan nilai
tayangan pada tabel. Data
alat potong adalah selisih
ukuran N dan T.
XN−XT
X=
Nilai 2
20 . 265−(+35 . 035)
= =−7 .385
2
Nilai Z = ZN-ZT =

101
 96.250 – (+ 98.597) = - 2,257
4.3.2 Pemindahan Titik Nol pada Salib Sumbu Optik

Contoh :
- Gerakkan turet arah memanjang mesin,
sehingga alat pencek berada tepat pada
titik salib sumbu.
- Masukkan nilai tertayang ke dalam daftar
PSO : X = 20.256 ; Z = 116.250 - 20 =
96.250

- Cara berikut ini adalah untuk

memindahkan titik nol :

Pintu harus tertutup, kalau tidak akan

alaram. Tayangan : X= 0 dan Z= 0, apabila
titik N berada tepat pada titik salib sumbu.
- Gerakkan alat potong ke salib sumbu
optik.
ØX = setengah dari nilai yang sebenarnya
Z = pernbacaan langsung
Catatan :
Hasil pantulan kedudukan alat potong adalah
merupakan kebalikan posisi yang sebenarnya.

4.3.3 Pemindahan Titik Nol pada Salib Sumbu Optik dan Penggantian
Monitor Pemakai untuk Pemprograman berdasarkan Radius Benda
Kerja

Penyetelan pada Monitor Pemakai :

Parameter 011 Bit 0 TINGGI (Nilai 1) : adalah Pemrograman

berdasarkan diameterd benda kerja. Sedangkan Parameter 011 Bit RENDAH
(Nilai 0) : adalah Pemrograman berdasarkan radius benda kerja. Kemudian,
anda dapat (jika anda melaksanakan prose dur sama seperti butir 4.3.2) membaca
langsung nilai-X Pantulan kedudukan posisi alat potong, harus merupa kan
kebalikan dari posisi yang sebenarnya.
4.3.4 Pendaftaran Langsung Data Alat Potong ke dalam memori

102
Pendaftaran langsung data alat potong ke dalam memori dengan perangkat lunak
mulai dari Versi 1.11 dan selanjutnya. Catatan : Parameter 040 Bit 1 tidak boleh
diubah atau diset.

1. Pendaftaran posisi alat pencek berdasarkan salib sumbu

optik.

Gerakkan turet arah memanjang mesin, sehingga sudut alat

pencek berada tepat pada salib sumbu yang terlihat seperti
gambar

Komputer mengetahui titik N melalui salib sumbu optik.

2. Pendaftaran data alat potong
Gerakkan alat potong, sehingga berada tepat pada salib
sumbu.

Nilai X dan Z langsung didaftarkan dalam memori data alat

potong.
Catatan : Alat potong terpilih juga akan menerima nomor
koreksi yang identik. Mis. : T01, nomor koreksi 01
Apabila perlu, perbaikilah data nilai X dengan cara biasa.
Penggagalan : RESET

5. Submode Status

Dengan mengatur ke submode status.

Anda dapat melihat fungsi mana yang
aktif.
Sajian pada submode status:
 fungsi G.
 fungsi M.
 Harga F terprogram.
 Harga S terprogram.
 Harga T aktual.
 Prosentase pengaturan asutan
 Prosentase pengaturan sumbu
utama.

6. Sajian jalannya dalam mode manual

Pengetahuan tentang berbagai jenis sajian dalam mode manual adalah
penting untuk penetapan mode dan berbagai jenis pengukuran alat potong.

103
Demikian juga sajian-sajian jalannnya pada mode pelaksanaan/execute dan
otomatis adalah sama, tergantung pada apakah data penggeseran posisi dan data
alat potong dipanggil atau tidak. Silahkan catat bahwa penggeseran posisi positif
(penggeseran alat potong) tidak terhapuskan oleh perubahan dalam mode. Data
alat-alat potong dan PSO pada mode pelayanan pelaksahaan/execute, dipanggil
menggunakan CYCLE START. Sajiannya melompat diikuti dengan pengalihan
ke Manual.

6.1 Sajian jalannya dari titik nol mesin ketitik referensi pemegang alat
potong (M-N)
- Tidak ada alat potong yang aktif (T00 00),
atau satu alat potong tanpa harga koreksi
(mis. T03 00).
- Penggeseran posisi tidak aktif (tidak ada
G54, G55, G57, G58, G59 yang aktif).
Jarak XMN dan ZMN tersajikan jika:
- Jika mesin dihidupkan dan titik referensi
dicapai.
- Dengan EMERGENCY OFF.
- Jika mesin dialihkan kemode lain PSO
maupun T0 tidak aktif.

6.2 Sajian jalannya dari titik nol benda

kerja ke titik referensi pemegang alat
potong (W-N)

- Tidak ada alat potong yang aktif (T00 00),

atau satu alat potong tanpa harga koreksi
(mis. T03 00).
- Penggeseran posisi aktif (G54, G55, G57,
G58, G59 aktif). Jarak XWN dan ZWN
tersajikan Pengaktiban PSO, mis G54, pilih
mode pelaksanaan/excecute kemudian
ketik:

Alihkan kemode MANUAL maka harga W-

N tersajikan.
6.3 Sajian jalannya dari titik nol mesin
keujung potong (M-P)

- Satu alat potong dengan harga koreksi aktif.

- Penggeseran posisi tidak aktif (tidak ads
G54, G55, G57, G58, G59 yang aktif). Jarak
XMP dan ZMP tersajikan.
Pengaktifan alat potong: mis T 0303 Mode
pelaksanaan / EXECUTE

Alihkan ke mode manual. Harga M-P

104
 tersajikan.

6.4 Sajian jalannya dari titik nol benda

kerja ke ujung potong (W-P)

- Satu alat potong dengan harga koreksi

aktif.
- Penggeseran posisi aktif (G54, G55,
G57, G58, G59 aktif). Jarak XWP dan
ZWP tersajikan. Pengaktifan: mis G54 T
0303 Mode pelaksanaan / EXECUTE

- `Alihkan ke mode manual: Harga W-P

tersajikan.

C. Execute Mode and Possible Submode

MODE EXECUTE

DISPLAY
GRAPHIC ON STATUS
MODE

ASCCESSORY; ENLARGED
DISPLAY OF ACTIVE READING OF
ACTIVATION OF
FUNCTION G AND M; F,S,T FATH VALUE
GRAPHIC
AND F%,S% VALUES X,,Z;
SIMULATION
ADDITIONAL
FUNCTION OF
ACCESSORY

1. Kemungkinan Dalam Mode Execute

1.1. Pengaktifan Sajian M-N, W-N, M-P, W-P

a. Sajian jalannya dari titik nol mesin ketitik referensi pemegang alat
potong (M-N)

105
 - Tidak ada alat potong yang aktif (T00 00),
atau satu alat potong tanpa harga koreksi
(mis. T03 00).
- Penggeseran posisi tidak aktif (tidak ada
G54, G55, G57, G58, G59 yang aktif).
Jarak XMN dan ZMN tersajikan jika:
- Jika mesin dihidupkan dan titik referensi
dicapai.
- Dengan EMERGENCY OFF.
- Jika mesin dialihkan kemode lain PSO
maupun T0 tidak aktif.

b. Sajian jalannya dari titik nol benda

kerja ke titik referensi pemegang alat
potong (W-N)

- Tidak ada alat potong yang aktif (T00 00),

atau satu alat potong tanpa harga koreksi
(mis. T03 00).
- Penggeseran posisi aktif (G54, G55, G57,
G58, G59 aktif). Jarak XWN dan ZWN
tersajikan Pengaktiban PSO, mis G54, pilih
mode pelaksanaan/excecute kemudian
ketik:

Alihkan kemode MANUAL maka harga W-

N tersajikan.
c. Sajian jalannya dari titik nol mesin
keujung potong (M-P)

- Satu alat potong dengan harga koreksi aktif.

- Penggeseran posisi tidak aktif (tidak ads
G54, G55, G57, G58, G59 yang aktif). Jarak
XMP dan ZMP tersajikan.
Pengaktifan alat potong: mis T 0303 Mode
pelaksanaan / EXECUTE

Alihkan ke mode manual. Harga M-P

tersajikan.

106
 d. Sajian jalannya dari titik nol
benda kerja ke ujung potong (W-
P)

- Satu alat potong dengan harga koreksi

aktif.
- Penggeseran posisi aktif (G54, G55,
G57, G58, G59 aktif). Jarak XWP dan
ZWP tersajikan. Pengaktifan: mis G54 T
0303 Mode pelaksanaan / EXECUTE

- `Alihkan ke mode manual: Harga W-P

tersajikan.

1.2 Memasukkan Blok-Blok NC

Jika anda membuat masukan dalam mode pelaksanaan / execute, yang

termasukkan adalah blok blok tanpa nomor blok. Adalah tidak mungkin untuk
memindahkan blok blok ini ke dalam memori utama.

Contoh: Mode jogging

Eretan X digerakkan 0,5 mm pada setiap CYCLE START.

Pengetesan blok blok NC, seperti siklus dan

silahkan catat: Jika selama pengetesan anda
juga ingin memotong benda kerja, jangan
lupa, sumbu utama hidup, pendingin hidup
dan pengaktifan alat potong penggeseran nol,
dan lain-lain.

1.3 Pemanggilan blok blok NC dari memori utama

Contoh: Blok N 110 dipanggil dari program O25.

Pemanggilan program:

Hanya isi dari blok ini yang di proses. Isi dari blok
terdahulu diabaikan. Lihat, mulai dari suatu blok
dalam mode otomatis.

D. EDIT Mode and Possible Submode

107
 MODE EDIT

ENTER OR ENTER OR CHANGE

SELECT AND ENTER, LIST STRORE
CHANGE ZERO CHANGE DATA OPERATING STATES
CHANGE PROGRAM PROGRAM
POINT OFFSET TOOL IN USER MONITOR

SUB MODE EDIT

DISKETTE RS 232 PARALEL

PORT PORT PORT

TRANSFER OF PRINR OUT OF DATA VIA

TRANSFER
DATA TO OR “CENTRONICS”
OF DATA VIA
FROM DISKETTE INTERFACE. ONLY WITH
RS 232
RESP. ACCESSORY GRAHIC
INTERFACE
CASSETTE SIMULATION AND
CENTRONIC PLUG
POSSIBLE

INPUT INPUT

INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT

1. Masukan Programs Melalui Keyboard

Select EDIT Mode

Listing of stored programs
The program numbers of the stored
programs are listed. Now you can choose a
free program number
Clear screen
Indication of the available storage space
The storage capacity which is still available
is indicated (bytes). If no further capacities
are free you have to erase a program from
program memory (main memory) before the
input of a new program.

108
 Clear screen

Open a program and enter blocks

Take over O12 to buffer store
O12 is taken over to program memory. The
block number N0000 is proposed.

N0000 is opened in the buffer store.

Input of words from the first block in the
buffer store.
Take over of first block into the main
memory and proposal of next block
(N0010).
N0010 is opened in the buffer store

Input of words from the second block in the

buffer store.
Take over of second block into the main
memory and proposal of next block
(N0020).
N0020 is opened in the buffer store.
Input of words of the third block in the
buffer store (N0020)
Take over of third block into main memory
and proposal of next block (N0030)
……………………………….
Take over the last block number intothe
buffer store.
Input of the last block in the buffer store
Take over the last block into main memory
and program end

2. Mengoreksi Programs

Key forward in blocks

Key backward in blocks
Select block (e.g. N280)

Select last block

(Program length is not known)
Jump forward within block
Jump backward to block start

109
 Corrections of words
e.g. correction of X25. to X14., clear Z-31
Select word
Clear entry (25.)
Enter 14.
Clear Z-31.
Take over correction block into the main
memory
Clear block
Select block
Clear block
Insert of a block
The block N46 is to be inserted between block
N40 and N50. "N0046 new" appears on the
screen
Block is opened in buffer store.
………. Enter block contents
N46 is inserted and taken over into main
memory.
Addition of a word
You have forgotten G40 in block N120
Select block N120
Jump to G00
Enter G40
Block is stored in buffer store
Block is stored in main memory

Renumbering of blocks
N65 is to be changed to N66
Select block N65
Keep pressing C.E. until all the digits of N are
deleted.
Enter block number with leading zeros
Renumbering of programs
Program O67 is to be renumbered to program
O75
Select program
Keep pressing C.E. until all the digits are deleted
Enter new program number with leading zeros.
Deletion of a program
Program 025 is to be deleted
Select program
Delete program
Call of a stored program

Program Cancellation

110
3. Exercises
 Call tool correction memory
 Call potition register
 Listing stored program
 Indication of the available strorage space
 Select submode in edit mode
 Open first program (O12) and enter block program
 Correct input mistake immediately
 Change the program number of the program to O13
 Renumbering of block

E. AUTOMATIC Mode

When the students have input the first program, it should be executed. Discuss
the program flow with your students and machine the first workpiece to gether.

AUTOMATIC
MODE

DISPLAY
GRAPHIC ON STATUS DRYRUN SINGLE
MODE

ACCESSORY DISPLAY OF PROGRAM TEST EACH BLOCK

ENLARGED
ACTIVATION OF ACTIVE G AND M WITH CONSTANT IS STARTED
GRAPHIC READING OF PATH
FUNCTION; VALUES X,Y,Z. FEED WITHOUT WITH
SIMULATION F,S,T,F%, S% WORKPIECE AND
ADDITIONAL
VALUES FUNCTIONS WITH COOLANT
ACCESSORY

1. Preconditions
 Reference point has been approached
 Program must be stored
 Front door must be closed
 Tool data register and PSO are set up
 Workpiece is clamped properly

2. Types of program runs

2.1 Program test without axis movement
This test checks, if the CNC program has formal mistakes and the
programmed travels can be driven.

Requirements

111
  The programmed starting point of the tool should be identical with the end
position.
 In the M30 block no traversing motion should be programmed.

Select AUTOMATIC Mode

Before a new program is called up for processing, the
RESET key should always be pressed.

Select program

Select last block (M30)

Program test starts - if the end position is not traversed
and the active tool is not swivelled in, there is first a
tool change and then the end position will be
traversed, then the program will be simulated inside
the computer.

If the simulation is interrupted by ALARM

Select EDIT Mode

Perform the correction,

Select AUTOMATIC Mode
Start from the beginning

2.2 Program test with axis movement (DRYRUN)

This program test should take place without a workpiece.

Select AUTOMATIC Mode

Select program

Select DRYRUN (the complete program rapid

traverse)
In addition you can select the submode SINGLE

Program test start

If the simulation is interrupted by ALARM

(e.g. aborted block N70)
Select EDIT Mode

Program correction

Select AUTOMATIC Mode

Press RESET key

Select the aborted block

Continue program test

112
2.3 Program test in SINGLE BLOCK Mode

Program test with clamped workpiece, every block has to be started separately
Select Automatic Mode

Select program - if not active

Select submode SINGLE (advisable for the first
workpiece)

FEED OVERRIDE on 0%
Attention: With the FEED OVERRIDE you can't stop
the tool turret swing!
Start block by block and look at the display:
X,Y,Z Actual values- position data (absolut) U,V,W
Remaining values (incremental) = difference between
command value and actual value

If you have no problems with this block, turn the feed

override to 100%. Tip: If the feed rate is to big or to
small - correct with FEED OVERRIDE (0 - 120%).

The speed also can be changed between 50 and 120%.

When the block is processed, turn the FEED

OVERRIDE on 0% and start the next block.

If no problems occured in the program test deselect the

SINGLE block mode (press again).

2.4 Working off the program in AUTOMATIC Mode

Select AUTOMATIC mode

Select program - if not active

Start program. The program runs to M30 and jumps

automatically to N0000.
3. Program Interruptions

a. FEED HOLD

113
 Program is stationary
Slides stop at once (except when thread cutting) Coolant is switched off.

Now you can also stop the spindel.

If no correction is necessary
Spindle on

Deselect FEED HOLD, program continues

b. SINGLE

SINGLE key can be pressed during the program run. The active
block is ended and then the slides stop. The main spindle and
coolant are not switched off.
Start next block
c. Open front door

By opening the front door the program run is interrupted and there will be the
ALARM "FRONT DOOR NOT CLOSED".

Close front door

Cancel alarms

Start position of the interrupted block will be reached again and the
program continues

4. Abortion of programs

a. RESET
Use reset if you must correct the program, All drives stop, Program jumps to
N00, Cancellation of G41/G42, Cancellation of the active tool data and PSO data
The selected program remains

b. EMERGENCY OFF

Use only in emergencies!

It is the only possibility to interrupt the swivelling of the tool magazine.

F. Fungsi G dan Fungsi M

114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
G. Program Mesin CNC ET-120

Nomor Program : O0001

N0000 G54
N0010 T0505
N0020 M04 S1000 F100
N0030 G92 X0.0 Z100.0
N0040 G59
N0050 G00 X26.0 Z1.0
N0060 G84 X23.0 Z-50.0 P0=0 P2=-5.0 D0=500 D2=400 D3=350 F=120
N0070 G00 X23.0 Z1.0
N0080 G84 X19.0 Z-30.0 D3=600 F100
N0081 G00 X30.0 Z20.0
N0082 T0303
N0090 G01 X17.0 Z0.0 F10
N0100 G01 X19.0 Z-1.0 F80
N0110 G01 Z-6.0 100
N0120 G01 X17.0 Z-7.0 F20
N0130 G01 X17.0 Z.-8.0 F20
N0140 G01 X19.0 Z-8.F50
N0150 G01 X19.0 Z-30.0 F100
N0160 G03 X23.0 Z-32.0 I0.0 K-2.0 F20
N0170 G00 X30.0 Z20.0
N0180 T0606
N0190 G00 X19.0 Z5.0
N0200 G01 Z 0.0 F50
N0210 G85 X17.5 Z-5.0 D3=100 D6=645 F30
N0220 G00 X30.0 Z.30.0
N0230 G53 G56 T0000 M05
N0240 M30

138
H. Menjalankan Mesin CNC ET-120
1. Mode Manual : Reference point Approaching

Switch on machine (cabinet fan running)

Submode Reference must be active

Cancel Alarm

Close door
Switch on auxiliary driver dan atur salib sumbu seperti
gambar dengan menggunakan tombol penggerak eretan.

Press Cycle START, there 2 slides traverse rapidly to

reference point. The measuring system is calibrated and
the software limit are set dan setelah referencing selesai
posisinya salib sumbu terlihat seperti ganbar

If nothing moves:
Is Emergency off button pressed?
?
Is Feed Override on 0 ?
Is front door open?
Should be there another alarm, cancel it.

Interruption Operation

2. Mode Edit

139
  Panggil Program dari memori (O0001)
 Pastikan bahwa G54 M-N sudah tepat pada PSO (sisi depan chuck
(X= 0, Z 50 mm)

 Pastikan bahwa data tool telah tepat pada T0 yang diambil pada
mode manual
 Ikat benda kerja pada ragum dengan ketat dan ukur dimensi benda
kerja (L 100 mm dan d 25,4 mm.
 Pastikan bahwa G92 sudah tepat pada program X= 0 dan Z= 100.
( garis sumbu dan panjang benda kerja 100 mm)

3. Mode Otomatis
 Penjejakan
 Blok tunggal
 Otomatis (Cyclestart)

140