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    Solution: Total Vehicle Weight Grade

    Uploaded by

    Saurabh Pandey
    This document calculates the maximum grade a 3200-lb car can ascend using equations relating engine torque, vehicle speed, tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance and grade resistance. It determines the vehicle speed, engine generated tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance, and solves the equation relating these forces to find the maximum 8.1% grade the vehicle can climb.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Solution: Total Vehicle Weight Grade

    Uploaded by

    Saurabh Pandey
    1K views2 pages
    This document calculates the maximum grade a 3200-lb car can ascend using equations relating engine torque, vehicle speed, tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance and grade resistance. It determines the vehicle speed, engine generated tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance, and solves the equation relating these forces to find the maximum 8.1% grade the vehicle can climb.

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    92e24ce533fadce8dcf9c7feb75f2407-original

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    This document calculates the maximum grade a 3200-lb car can ascend using equations relating engine torque, vehicle speed, tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance and grade resistance. It determines the vehicle speed, engine generated tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance, and solves the equation relating these forces to find the maximum 8.1% grade the vehicle can climb.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views2 pages

    Solution: Total Vehicle Weight Grade

    Uploaded by

    Saurabh Pandey
    This document calculates the maximum grade a 3200-lb car can ascend using equations relating engine torque, vehicle speed, tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance and grade resistance. It determines the vehicle speed, engine generated tractive effort, aerodynamic resistance, rolling resistance, and solves the equation relating these forces to find the maximum 8.1% grade the vehicle can climb.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    2.6 A 3200-lb car (C D = 0.35, A f = 25 ft2, and ρ = 0.

    002378 slugs/ft3) has 14-inch–radius wheels, a


    drivetrain efficiency of 93%, an overall gear reduction ratio of 3.2 to 1, and drive axle slippage of 3.5%. The
    engine develops a maximum torque of 210 ft-lb at 3600 rev/min. What is the maximum grade this vehicle
    could ascend, on a paved surface, while the engine is developing maximum torque? (Assume that the
    available tractive effort is the engine-generated tractive effort)

    Solution
    1- Determine the vehicle speed 𝑉, using the relation.

    2𝜋𝑟𝑛𝑒 (1 − 𝑖 )
    𝑉=
    ℰ0
    Here, ℰ0 is engine speed, 𝑖 is slippage of the drive axle, and ℰ0 overall gear reduction ratio.

    Substitute 130 mi/h for V, 3.0 % for 𝑖, and 2.5 for ℰ0

    14 in 3600
    2𝜋 ( 12 ) ft × ( 60 ) revls(1 − 0.035)
    𝑉=[ ] = 132.63 ft/s
    3.2

    = (132.63 ft/s × 0.681818)mi/h = 90.43 mi/h

    2- Determine the engine generated tractive effort 𝐹𝑒 using the relation.

    𝑀𝑒 𝜀𝑜 𝜂𝑑
    𝐹𝑒 =
    𝑟
    Here 𝑀𝑒 is engine torque, 𝜀𝑜 overall gear reduction ration, 𝜂𝑑 is mechanical efficiency of the
    drivetrain, and 𝑟 is radius of the drive wheel.

    Substitute 210 ft-Ib for 𝑀𝑒 , 3.2 for 𝜀𝑜 , 93% for 𝜂𝑑 , and 14 in. for 𝑟.

    210 × 3.2 × 0.93


    𝐹𝑒 = = 535.68 Ib
    14
    ( )
    12

    3- Determine the grade resistance 𝑅g using the relation:


    𝑅g = 𝑊𝐺

    Here, 𝑊 is total vehicle weight and 𝐺 is grade.


    Substitute 3200 Ib for 𝑊

    𝑅g = 3200𝐺

    4- Determine the aerodynamic resistance 𝑅𝑎 using the relation:


    𝜌
    𝑅𝑎 = CD A𝑓 V2
    2
    Here 𝜌 is air density, 𝐶𝐷 is coefficient of drag, 𝐴𝑓 is frontal area of the vehicle, and 𝑉 is speed of the
    vehicle.
    Substitute 0.002378 slugs/ft3, 0.35 for 𝐶𝐷 , 25 ft2 for 𝐴𝑓 , and 132.63 ft/s for 𝑉.
    0.002378
    𝑅𝑎 = × 0.35 × 25 × (132.63)2 = 183 Ib
    2
    5- Determine the coefficient of rolling resistance 𝑓𝑟𝑙 using the relation:
    V
    𝑓𝑟𝑙 = 0.01 (1 + )
    147

    Substitute 132.63 ft/s for V:


    132.63
    𝑓𝑟𝑙 = 0.01 [1 + ] = 0.019
    147

    6- Determine the rolling resistance 𝑅𝑟𝑙 using the relation:


    𝑅𝑟𝑙 = 𝑓𝑟𝑙 𝑊

    Substitute 0.019 of 𝑓𝑟𝑙 and 3200 Ib for 𝑊:


    𝑅𝑟𝑙 = 0.019 × 3200 = 60.87 Ib

    7- Determine the maximum grade of the vehicle 𝐺 using the relation:


    𝐹 = 𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑟𝑙 + 𝑅𝑔
    Substitute 535.68 Ib for 𝐹, 183 Ib for 𝑅𝑎 , 60.87 Ib for 𝑅𝑟𝑙 , and 3200 G for 𝑅𝑔
    535.68 = 183 + 60.87 + 3200 𝐺

    535.68 − 183 − 60.87


    𝐺= = 0.081 = 8.10 %
    3200

    Thus, the maximum grade of the vehicle is 8.10 %

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