MG1 - L7 - C.7 - PDFed

PROBLEM 7.
An archer aiming at a target is pulling with a 45-lb force on the

bowstring. Assuming that the shape of the bow can be approximated
by a parabola, determine the internal forces at Point J.
SOLUTION
FBD Point A:
By symmetry T1  T2
3 
Fx  0: 2  T1   45 lb  0 T1  T2  37.5 lb
5 
Curve CJB is parabolic: x  ay 2

FBD BJ:
At B : x  8 in. y  32 in.
8 in. 1
a 2

(32 in.) 128 in.
y2
x
128
dx 2 y y
Slope of parabola  tan    
dy 128 64
 16 
At J:  J  tan 1    14.036
 64 
4
So   tan 1  14.036  39.094
3
Fx  0: V  (37.5 lb) cos(39.094)  0 V  29.1 lb 14.04°
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PROBLEM 7.7 (Continued)
Fy  0: F  (37.5 lb)sin (39.094)  0
F   23.647 F  23.6 lb 76.0° 
3  4 
M J  0: M  (16 in.)  (37.5 lb)   [(8  2) in.]  (37.5 lb)   0
5  5 
M  540 lb  in. 
PROBLEM 7.8
For the bow of Problem 7.7, determine the magnitude and location of
the maximum (a) axial force, (b) shearing force, (c) bending moment.
PROBLEM 7.7 An archer aiming at a target is pulling with a 45-lb

force on the bowstring. Assuming that the shape of the bow can be
approximated by a parabola, determine the internal forces at Point J.
SOLUTION
Free body: Point A
3 
Fx  0: 2  T   45 lb  0 T  37.5 lb 
5 
Free body: Portion of bow BC

Fy  0: FC  30 lb  0 FC  30 lb 
Fx  0: VC  22.5 lb  0 VC  22.5 lb 
M C  0: (22.5 lb)(32 in.)  (30 lb)(8 in.)  M C  0
M C  960 lb  in. 
Equation of parabola
x  ky 2
1
At B: 8  k (32) 2 k
128
y2
Therefore, equation is x (1)
128
The slope at J is obtained by differentiating (1):
2 y dy dx y
dx  , tan    (2)
128 dy 64
(a) Maximum axial force
FV  0:  F  (30 lb) cos   (22.5 lb) sin   0
Free body: Portion bow CK

F  30 cos   22.5sin 
F is largest at C (  0)
Fm  30.0 lb at C 
(b) Maximum shearing force

FV  0: V  (30 lb) sin   (22.5 lb) cos   0
V  30sin   22.5cos 
V is largest at B (and D)
   max  tan 1    26.56

1
Where
2
Vm  30 sin 26.56  22.5cos 26.56 Vm  33.5 lb at B and D
(c) Maximum bending moment

M K  0: M  960 lb  in.  (30 lb) x  (22.5 lb) y  0
M  960  30 x  22.5 y
M is largest at C, where x  y  0. M m  960 lb  in. at C 
PROBLEM 7.30
For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-
moment diagrams, (b) determine the maximum absolute values of the
shear and bending moment.
SOLUTION
1 1 x 1 x2
wx   w0  x  w0 By similar D’s
2 2 L 2 L
1 x2 1 x2
Fy  0:  w0 V  0 V   w0
2 L 2 L
1 x2  x 1 x3
Fy  0:  w0   M  0 M   w0
2 L 3 6 L
1
|V |max  w0 L 
2
1
| M |max  w0 L2 
6
PROBLEM 7.34
For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-
moment diagrams, (b) determine the maximum absolute values of the
shear and bending moment.
SOLUTION
Free body: Portion AJ

Fy  0:  P  V  0 V  P 
M J  0: M  Px  PL  0 M  P( L  x) 
(a) The V and M diagrams are obtained by plotting the functions V and M.
(b) |V |max  P 
| M |max  PL 
PROBLEM 7.39
For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-moment
diagrams, (b) determine the maximum absolute values of the shear and
bending moment.
SOLUTION
Free body: Entire beam
M A  0: B (5 m)  (60 kN)(2 m)  (50 kN)(4 m)  0
B  64.0 kN B  64.0 kN 
Fx  0: Ax  0
Fy  0: Ay  64.0 kN  6.0 kN  50 kN  0
Ay  46.0 kN A  46.0 kN 
(a) Shear and bending-moment diagrams.

From A to C:
Fy  0: 46  V  0 V  46 kN 
M y  0: M  46 x  0 M  (46 x)kN  m 
From C to D:
Fy  0: 46  60  V  0 V  14 kN 
M j  0: M  46 x  60( x  2)  0
M  (120  14 x)kN  m
For x  2 m: M C  92.0 kN  m 
For x  3 m: M D  78.0 kN  m 
From D to B:
Fy  0: V  64  25  0
V  (25  64)kN

M j  0: 64   (25 )    M  0
2
M  (64  12.5 2 )kN  m
For   0: VB  64 kN MB  0
(b) |V |max  64.0 kN 
| M |max  92.0 kN  m 
PROBLEM 7.40
For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-moment
diagrams, (b) determine the maximum absolute values of the shear and
bending moment.
SOLUTION
M A  0:  (50 kN)(2 m)  D (4 m)  (40 kN)(5 m)  0 D  75 kN 
Fy  0: 75  50  40  A  0
A  15 kN A  15 kN
From A to C:
Fy  0: 15  V  0 V  15 kN
M 1  0: M  (15)( x )  0 M  (15 x) kN  m
From C to D:
Fy  0: 15  50  V  0 V  35 kN
M 2  0: M  (15)( x )  50( x  2)  0
M  (100  35 x)kN  m
M C  30 kN  m at x  2 m
M D  40 kN  m at x  4 m
From D to B:
Fy  0: V  20 x  0 V  20 x kN
x
M 3  0:  M  (20 x)    0 M  10 x 2 kN  m
2
VD  40 kN, M D  40 kN  m at x  2 m
VB  M B  0 at x  0
(b) |V |max  40.0 kN 
| M |max  40.0 kN  m 
PROBLEM 7.64
Using the method of Section 7.6, solve Problem 7.30.
PROBLEM 7.30 For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear
and bending-moment diagrams, (b) determine the maximum absolute
values of the shear and bending moment.
SOLUTION

1
Fy  0: B  ( w0 )( L)  0
2
1
B w0 L
2
Shear diagram
1 L
M B  0: ( w0 )( L )    M B  0
2 3
1
MB  w0 L2
6
Moment diagram
(b) |V |max  w0 L /2 
| M |max  w0 L2 /6 
PROBLEM 7.68
SOLUTION

Fy  0: B  P  0
BP
 M B  0: M B  M 0  PL  0
MB  0
Shear diagram
At A: VA   P
|V | max  P 
Bending-moment diagram
At A: M A  M 0  PL
|M | max  PL 
PROBLEM 7.71
SOLUTION
Free body: Beam

Fx  0: Ax  0
M B  0: (60 kN)(3 m)  (50 kN)(1 m)  Ay (5 m)  0
Ay   46.0 kN
Fy  0: B  46.0 kN  60 kN  50 kN  0
B   64.0 kN
Shear diagram
At A: VA  Ay   46.0 kN
|V |max  64.0 kN 
At A: MA  0
|M |max  92.0 kN  m 
Parabola from D to B. Its slope at D is same as that of straight-line

segment CD since V has no discontinuity at D.
PROBLEM 7.72
SOLUTION
Free body: Beam

Fx  0: Ax  0
M D  0: (50 kN)(2 m)  (40 kN)(1 m)  Ay (4 m)  0
Ay  15.00 kN
Fy  0: D  15 kN  40 kN  50 kN  0
D   75.0 kN
Shear diagram
At A: VA  Ay  15.00 kN
|V |max  40.0 kN 
At A: MA  0
|M |max  40.0 kN  m 
Parabola from D to B.
PROBLEM 7.105
If a 3 m, determine the magnitudes of P and Q required to

maintain the cable in the shape shown.
SOLUTION
Free body: Portion DE

M D  0: E y (4 m)  Ex (5 m)  0
5
Ey  Ex
4
Free body: Portion CDE
5
M C  0: E x (8 m)  E x (7 m)  P (2 m)  0
4
2
Ex  P (1)
3
Free body: Portion BCDE
5
M B  0: E x (12 m)  Ex (5 m)  (120 kN)(4 m)  0
4
10 E x  480  0; E x  48 kN
2
Eq. (1): 48 kN  P P  72.0 kN 
3
Free body: Entire cable
5
M A  0: E x (16 m)  E x (2 m)  P (3 m)  Q (4 m)  (120 kN)(8 m)  0
4
(48 kN)(20 m  2 m)  (72 kN)(3 m)  Q (4 m)  960 kN  m  0
4Q  120 Q  30.0 kN 
PROBLEM 7.112
Two cables of the same gauge are attached to a transmission tower

at B. Since the tower is slender, the horizontal component of the
resultant of the forces exerted by the cables at B is to be zero.
Knowing that the mass per unit length of the cables is 0.4 kg/m,
determine (a) the required sag h, (b) the maximum tension in each
cable.
SOLUTION
W  wxB
yB
M B  0: T0 yB  ( wxB ) 0
2
wxB2
(a) Horiz. comp.  T0 
2 yB
Cable AB: xB  45 m
w(45 m) 2
T0 
2h
Cable BC: xB  30 m, yB  3 m
w(30 m)2
T0 
2(3 m)
w (45 m) 2 w (30 m) 2
Equate T0  T0  h  6.75 m 
2h 2(3 m)
(b) Tm2  T02  W 2

Cable AB: w  (0.4 kg/m)(9.81 m/s)  3.924 N/m
xB  45 m, y B  h  6.75 m
wxB2 (3.924 N/m)(45 m) 2

T0    588.6 N
2 yB 2(6.75 m)
W  wxB  (3.924 N/m)(45 m)  176.58 N
Tm2  (588.6 N)2  (176.58 N)2

For AB: Tm  615 N 
Cable BC: xB  30 m, yB  3 m
wxB2 (3.924 N/m)(30 m)2

T0    588.6 N (Checks)
2 yB 2(3 m)
W  wxB  (3.924 N/m)(30 m)  117.72 N
Tm2  (588.6 N)2  (117.72 N)2

For BC: Tm  600 N 
PROBLEM 7.116
Cable ACB supports a load uniformly distributed along the

horizontal as shown. The lowest Point C is located 9 m to the
right of A. Determine (a) the vertical distance a, (b) the length
of the cable, (c) the components of the reaction at A.
SOLUTION
Free body: Portion AC

Fy  0: Ay  9w  0
A y  9w
M A  0: T0 a  (9 w)(4.5 m)  0 (1)
Free body: Portion CB
Fy  0: By  6w  0
B y  6w
Free body: Entire cable
M A  0: 15w (7.5 m)  6 w (15 m)  T0 (2.25 m)  0
(a) T0  10 w
Eq. (1): T0 a  (9 w)(4.5 m)  0
10 wa  (9 w)(4.5)  0 a  4.05 m 
(b) Length ACCB

y A 4.05
Portion AC: x A  9 m, y A  a  4.05 m;   0.45
xA 9
 2  y 2 2  y 4 
s AC  xB 1   A    B   
 3  xA  5  xA  
 
 2 2 
s AC  9 m  1+ 0.452  0.454     10.067 m
 3 5 
yB
Portion CB: xB  6 m, yB  4.05  2.25  1.8 m;  0.3
xB
 2 2 
sCB  6 m 1  0.32  0.34     6.341 m
 3 5 
Total length  10.067 m  6.341 m Total length  16.41 m 
(c) Components of reaction at A.
Ay  9 w  9(60 kg/m)(9.81 m/s 2 )
 5297.4 N
Ax  T0  10 w  10(60 kg/m)(9.81 m/s 2 )
 5886 N A x  5890 N 
A y  5300 N 
PROBLEM 7.118
A steam pipe weighting 45 lb/ft that passes between two

buildings 40 ft apart is supported by a system of cables as
shown. Assuming that the weight of the cable system is
equivalent to a uniformly distributed loading of 5 lb/ft,
determine (a) the location of the lowest Point C of the
cable, (b) the maximum tension in the cable.
SOLUTION
Note: xB  x A  40 ft
or x A  xB  40 ft
(a) Use Eq. 7.8

wx A2 w ( xB  40)2
Point A: yA  ; 9 (1)
2T0 2T0
wxB2 wx 2
Point B: yB  ; 4 B (2)
2T0 2T0
9 ( xB  40)2
Dividing (1) by (2):  ; xB  16 ft Point C is 16.00 ft to left of B
4 xB2
(b) Maximum slope and thus Tmax is at A
x A  xB  40  16  40  24 ft
wx A2 (50 lb/ft)(24 ft)2

yA  ; 9 ft  ; T0  1600 lb
2T0 2T0
W AC  (50 lb/ft)(24 ft)  1200 lb
Tmax  2000 lb 
PROBLEM 7.139
A motor M is used to slowly reel in the cable shown. Knowing that the
mass per unit length of the cable is 0.4 kg/m, determine the maximum
tension in the cable when h 5 m.
SOLUTION
w  0.4 kg/m L  10 m hB  5 m
xB
yB  c cosh
c
L
hB  c  c cosh
2c
 5m 
5 m  c  cosh  1
 c 
Solving numerically: c  3.0938 m
yB  hB  c  5 m  3.0938 m
 8.0938 m
Tmax  TB  wyB
 (0.4 kg/m)(9.81 m/s 2 )(8.0938 m)
Tmax  31.8 N 
PROBLEM 7.141
The cable ACB has a mass per unit length of 0.45 kg/m.
Knowing that the lowest point of the cable is located at a
distance a 0.6 m below the support A, determine (a) the
location of the lowest Point C, (b) the maximum tension in
the cable.
SOLUTION
Note: xB  x A  12 m
or,  x A  12 m  xB
 xA 12  xB
Point A: y A  c cosh ; c  0.6  c cosh (1)
c c
xB x
Point B: yB  c cosh ; c  2.4  c cosh B (2)
c c
12 xB  c  0.6 
From (1):   cosh 1   (3)
c c  c 
xB  c  2.4 
From (2):  cosh 1   (4)
c  c 
12  c  0.6  1  c  2.4 
Add (3) + (4):  cosh 1    cosh  c 
c  c   
Solve by trial and error: c  13.6214 m
xB
Eq. (2): 13.6214  2.4  13.6214 cosh
c
xB xB
cosh  1.1762;  0.58523
c c
xB  0.58523(13.6214 m)  7.9717 m
Point C is 7.97 m to left of B 

y B  c  2.4  13.6214  2.4  16.0214 m
Eq. 7.18: Tm  wyB  (0.45 kg/m)(9.81 m/s2 )(16.0214 m)
Tm  70.726 N Tm  70.7 N 
PROBLEM 7.163
Two loads are suspended as shown from the cable ABCD.

Knowing that d B  1.8 m, determine (a) the distance dC ,
(b) the components of the reaction at D, (c) the maximum
tension in the cable.
SOLUTION
FBD Cable: Fx  0:  Ax  Dx  0 Ax  Dx
M A  0: (10 m)D y  (6 m)(10 kN)  (3 m)(6 kN)  0
D y  7.8 kN
Fy  0: Ay  6 kN  10 kN  7.8 kN  0
A y  8.2 kN
FDB AB: M B  0: (1.8 m) Ax  (3 m)(8.2 kN)  0
41
Ax  kN
3
41
From above Dx  Ax  kN
3
FBD CD:
 41 
M C  0: (4 m)(7.8 kN)  dC  kN   0
 3 
d C  2.283 m
(a) d C  2.28 m 
(b) D x  13.67 kN 
D y  7.80 kN 
Since Ax  Bx and Ay  B y , max T is TAB
2
 41 
TAB  Ax2  Ay2   kN   (8.2 kN) 2
 3 
(c) Tmax  15.94 kN 
PROBLEM 7.164
A wire having a mass per unit length of 0.65 kg/m is suspended from two supports at the same elevation
that are 120 m apart. If the sag is 30 m, determine (a) the total length of the wire, (b) the maximum
tension in the wire.
SOLUTION
xB
Eq. 7.16: yB  c cosh
c
60
30m  c  c cosh
c
Solve by trial and error: c  64.459 m
xB
Eq. 7.15: sB  c sin h
c
60 m
sB  (64.456 m) sinh
64.459 m
sB  69.0478 m
Length  2 sB  2(69.0478 m)  138.0956 m L  138.1 m 
Eq. 7.18: Tm  wy B  w( h  c )
 (0.65 kg/m)(9.81 m/s 2 )(30 m  64.459 m)
Tm  602.32 N Tm  602 N 
PROBLEM 7.165
A 10-ft rope is attached to two supports A and B as shown. Determine (a) the
span of the rope for which the span is equal to the sag, (b) the corresponding
angle θB.
SOLUTION
Note: Since L  h,
L h
xB  
2 2
xB
Eq. 7.16: yB  cosh
c
h /2
h  c  c cosh
c
h 1 h
 1  cosh  
c 2 c
h
Solve for h/c:  4.933
c
x
Eq. 7.16: y  c cosh
c
dy x
 sinh
dx c
dy xB
At B: tan  B   sinh
dx B c
h 1 h 1 
Substitute xB  : tan  B  sinh    sinh   4.933 
2 2 c 2 
tan  B  5.848  B  80.3 
xB 1 h
Eq. 7.17: sB  c sinh  c sinh  
c 2 c
1 
5 ft  c sinh   4.933 
2 
5 ft  c(5.848)
c  0.855
h
Recall that  4.933
c
h  4.933(0.855)  4.218
h  4.22 ft 

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PROBLEM 7.

An archer aiming at a target is pulling with a 45-lb force on the

Curve CJB is parabolic: x  ay 2

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Fy  0: F  (37.5 lb)sin (39.094)  0

F   23.647 F  23.6 lb 76.0° 

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PROBLEM 7.7 An archer aiming at a target is pulling with a 45-lb

Free body: Point A

Free body: Portion of bow BC

Fx  0: VC  22.5 lb  0 VC  22.5 lb 

M C  0: (22.5 lb)(32 in.)  (30 lb)(8 in.)  M C  0

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(a) Maximum axial force

FV  0:  F  (30 lb) cos   (22.5 lb) sin   0

Free body: Portion bow CK

(b) Maximum shearing force

   max  tan 1    26.56

(c) Maximum bending moment

M is largest at C, where x  y  0. M m  960 lb  in. at C 

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Free body: Portion AJ

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Free body: Entire beam

M A  0: B (5 m)  (60 kN)(2 m)  (50 kN)(4 m)  0

Fy  0: Ay  64.0 kN  6.0 kN  50 kN  0

(a) Shear and bending-moment diagrams.

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M  (64  12.5 2 )kN  m

(b) |V |max  64.0 kN 

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Free body: Entire beam

M A  0:  (50 kN)(2 m)  D (4 m)  (40 kN)(5 m)  0 D  75 kN 

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(b) |V |max  40.0 kN 

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Using the method of Section 7.6, solve Problem 7.30.

Free body: Entire beam

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Using the method of Section 7.6, solve Problem 7.34.

Free body: Entire beam

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Using the method of Section 7.6, solve Problem 7.39.

Free body: Beam

M B  0: (60 kN)(3 m)  (50 kN)(1 m)  Ay (5 m)  0

Parabola from D to B. Its slope at D is same as that of straight-line

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Using the method of Section 7.6, solve Problem 7.40.

Free body: Beam

M D  0: (50 kN)(2 m)  (40 kN)(1 m)  Ay (4 m)  0

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If a 3 m, determine the magnitudes of P and Q required to

Free body: Portion DE

Free body: Portion BCDE

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Free body: Entire cable

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Two cables of the same gauge are attached to a transmission tower

(b) Tm2  T02  W 2