Humanising Architecture: Case Study of

HUMANISING ARCHITECTURE
Case Study
of
ITC BHADRACHALAM TOWNSHIP
Green Large Developments

Pilot project for ‘Large Scale Sustainable Development’
Central Projects Organization 3rd Regional Green Building Conference & Exhibition
ITC Limited Innovations in Green Buildings - The GRIHA Approach
TEAM
•CENTRAL PROJECTS ORGANISATION, ITC LTD
•SPACE MATRIX DESIGN CONSULTANTS PVT LTD
•INTEGRATED DESIGN (INDE)
•TERI - BANGALORE
Constant
29 Degrees
External Temperature 2 – 45 degrees
Internal temperature The equivalent of a 2km Captures natural air flow

varies by only 1 degree high building
INTRODUCTION
SITE & CLIMATE ANALYSIS
PROGRAM
Site & Context
The proposed site is located in Sarapakka

Village, Khammam Dist., Andhra Pradesh,
4 kms from the town of Bhadrachalam.
The complete Mill Unit at Bhadrachalam is

spread over 500 acres of land. National
Highway 221 buffers the proposed site from
the ITC Paper Mill factory.
Nearest Railway Station:
Kottagudam (30kms)
Nearest Airport:
Hyderabad (8hrs drive);
Vijaywada (4hrs drive)
Climate Analysis
17°66’, 80°88’
Average Elevation: 63 mts
Max Temperature = 46 deg Predominant wind direction = SW to NE

Max Humidity (RH) = 83% Maximum wind speed = 3.6 m/s
As per the climate zone map of India, provided in National Building

Code 2005 and the Energy Conservation Code 2007, Bhadrachalam is
categorized as - Warm & Humid Climate.
Climatic Study and Analysis provided by TERI – Bangalore

Preliminary Energy & Water Report. Project Code: 2011BG04
Program
EXISTING SINGLE STOREY

RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
PROPOSED MULTI STOREYED

RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
1510 245,000 Reuse

LARGE SCALE
SUSTAINABLE
FAMILIES SQM Renew
BUILT UP AREA DEVELOPMENT
Recycle
DESIGN DRIVERS
METHODS & PROCEDURES
Design Drivers
The development plan envisions various units types and modules for different workforce sections as well as necessary amenities, play areas, infrastructure and
open spaces. The project demonstrates a high-standard, sustainable quality of life amongst various sections of users.
This large development (~ 1500 dwelling units; approx. 245,000 sq.m built area) is focused on the model of an “Integrated Township” - a place marker for a
cost-effective yet sustainable residential development in India.
LAND ECOLOGY PEOPLE AFFORDABILITY

DESIGN DRIVERS
STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION
Methods & Procedures : Participation
Dedicated user workshop involving participation from Stakeholders (~120 people) covering managers, employee union, ladies and younger population in
different sessions.
Integrated design approach – active participation, design workshops from different parties including end users, master planners, architects, landscape
architects, environmentalist, geologist, engineers, cost consultants and water consultant.
DESIGN DRIVERS
LAND
Methods & Procedures : Land
Carrying Capacity
EXISTING PROPOSED
900 1510
FAMILIES FAMILIES
110 43
ACRES ACRES
11% 19%
GROUND GROUND
COVER COVER
Sustainable Sites
• Mandate : Green cover = 9 m2 /capita = 67,950 sqm.
Project achieves a green cover of 1,25,000 sqm, which is
16.5 m2 / capita
• Intent : Encourage sites within existing communities.
LOW DENSITY
• Intent : Protect and preserve sensitive areas of site and
1/6TH ACRE PER DWELLING UNIT
HIGH DENSITY
1/20TH ACRE PER DWELLING UNIT
reduce the impact of a development on the environment.
Master Plan
ENTRY
ENTRY
PART-1 PART-2 PART-3 PART-4 PART-5
DUPLEX VILLA, MAYUR CLUB, MANAGERS HOUSING MANAGERS HOUSING HOSTEL, COMMERCIAL, EMPLOYEE HOUSING –
2BHK 2BHK & 3BHK COMMUNITY HALL, 2BHK
GUEST HOUSE, AMPHITHEATER,
MANAGERS HOUSING 3.5BHK FOOTBALL FIELD,
SANGAM CLUB
Topography
+16.0M SITE SLOPE +0.0M
LOW RISE HIGH RISE - 9/10 FLOORS

(VILLAS, GUEST HOUSE, CLUB) (RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS)
Earth Balance
Re-use the excavated earth for foundations to create berms as a noise buffer
towards the highway Site Assessment & Planning
• Intent : Preserve & protect the rare and unique geological
and geo-morphological features of the site.
• Intent : Minimize soil disturbance in design & construction.
• Intent : Measures should be taken to store & preserve

topsoil.
• Intent : Natural and semi-natural plant groupings should be

conserved wherever possible and disturbed as little as
possible.
SECTION 01 : Section of earth berm along highway edge
Natural Terrain
3 1
2
SECTION 01 : Section through block & central green
KEY PLAN
 Elimination of basement parking

system, to retain natural terrain
 Modulated internal Levels of stilt

parking, minimising cut and fill.
SECTION 02 : Longitudinal Section across block
 Porous built form, allowing
pedestrian access and green
connect
Site Assessment & Planning

• Intent : Develop design & engineering
strategies to minimize cut & fill of slopes
• Intent : Roads & lot layouts should

complement the site topography
SECTION 03 : Detail of Green Connect between parking levels
DESIGN DRIVERS
PASSIVE DESIGN
Methods & Procedures : Passive Right Intent
VIEW QUALITY LIGHT QUALITY
60% units face outwards

looking towards an external All units face outwards
space (outside site) towards an outdoor space
CROSS VENTILATION THERMAL COMFORT
100% units have at least two sides of

the unit being open edge.
Spacing between units to enhance the 60% units facing north
cross ventilation. 40% units facing south
Methods & Procedures : Solar Passive Design
• Buildings are clustered such that they are mutually

shaded.
• Reduced the heat gain to buildings.
• Residential Unit – Deep shades and balconies are

provided to shade the fenestration.
• Window to Wall ratio is 60% (lower than the

maximum permitted by ECBC)
• Appropriate external shading has been

recommended to meet the effective SHGC
Solar Passive Design

• Intent : Integrate solar passive design
strategies at various levels and shall be climate
responsive
• Intent : The built form shall reflect climate

responsiveness of the building.
• Intent : Space planning of building shall be

worked out in order to create thermal buffer
zones
Methods & Procedures : Daylight
Living & Dining
• All rooms would require VLT greater than 50% and SHGC less than 0.41
• All Rooms facing the small courtyards would require VLT greater than
70% and SHGC less than 0.41
• Bedrooms would need external shading as per solar geometry (8th, 9th &
10th Floors). Minimal shading is required for the lower floors
• All Kitchen would require VLT greater than 70%.

Kitchen
• Single glazed window not available with VLT 70% and SHGC 0.41.
Additional solar shading is provided in accordance to GRIHA
• The total daylight area is estimated to be more than 75% of the total living
area.
Bedroom
Shading Angles :
Shading Device for typical window

DESIGN DRIVERS
ELECTRICAL
Methods & Procedures : Electrical
Design Goals
TOTAL DEMAND LOAD • Increase occupant comfort & improved productivity
• Optimize building system performance
6010 • Reduce building life-cycle costs

KW • Energy efficient design
HOUSING & AMENITIES
• Sustain property values
• Maintenance friendly design
210 • Optimizing of distribution losses
KW
COMMON UTILITIES
36
KW
STREET LIGHTING
114
KW
LANDSCAPE LIGHTING
DESIGN DRIVERS
WATER
Methods & Procedures : Water
Water Management
• Centralized Collection sump of the water source

(External)
• Individual Over Head tanks for Fresh water and

Flushing water separately
• Solar Hot water of 200 L capacity for each family.
• Approx 15000 kW-hr of energy is saved by Solar

water heaters, in terms of electricity required for
water heating using Geysers
Carrying Capacity of Site
Water Management
• Intent : The carrying capacity of the site is 8500

residents.
Proposed no. of residents is 7550.
• Intent : Develop and integrate a water strategy at

Proposed Water Efficiency the community level to ensure that the landscape
water requirement at the community level is
reduced
• Intent : Provision for adequate quality of water for

potable and non-potable applications with stringent
monitoring plan
Storm Water Management
Site Storm Water Management Plan
Rain water
Storm water
harvested from Total
Month runoff in
rooftops in (m3)
months (m3)
months (m3)
Jan 259 145 404
Feb 591 330 921 Storm Water Management &
Mar 1,305 728 2,034 Climate Change Adaptation
Apr 932 520 1,452
May 2,310 1,289 3,599 • Intent : Reduction of hard paving on site to reduce
Jun 6,554 3,658 10,212 runoff, increase infiltration and reduce Urban Heat
Jul 14,170 7,908 22,078
Island effect
Aug 13,976 7,800 21,776
• Intent : Ensure that the entire rainwater falling on
Sep 9,320 5,201 14,521 the site is recharged through adequate measures.
Oct 3,750 2,093 5,843
Nov 1,227 685 1,912 • Adaptation Measure : Prepare for urban impact:
Dec 395 221 616 drought and water shortage by extensive rainwater
Total 54,790 30,577 85,367 harvesting.
Storm Water Management
PERVIOUS SURFACES
Increase ground water recharge by maximizing pervious surfaces
Vegetated Swales
Alternate options to traditional street & parking area paving systems direct and collect storm water.
Percolation Pits
harvest incident rain & reinforce passive drainage.
Permeable Surfaces
maximized to allow infiltration and recharge.
Grading of Land
manage water and control erosion
SWALES & DETENTION PONDS

Storm water runoff from swales is collected in shallow Detention Ponds,
allowing ground water recharge.
Methods & Procedures : Road Section
Section 01: High Traffic Loop Roads (Concrete Roads) with swale
DESIGN DRIVERS
MOBILITY
Methods & Procedures : Mobility
SITE CIRCULATION PLAN Peripheral Loop Vehicular Road

Internal Pedestrian Walkways / Emergency Road
Integration of Landscape Elements

Streetscape designed to facilitate pedestrian movement
 Internal driveways are classified as High Traffic and Low Traffic Roads.
 Internal green courts are pedestrian-only zones.
 Blocks linked through internal pedestrian network.
Mobility
• Intent : Develop a hierarchical road
network
• Intent : Follow road classifications and

design standards for urban roads -
Indian Roads Congress (IRC) codes
• Intent : Promote safety, efficiency,

community living, environmental and
aesthetic quality and cycling & walking
DESIGN DRIVERS
SOCIAL WELL BEING
Methods & Procedures : Social Well Being
EXISTING COLONY CLUSTER PROPOSED BLOCK CLUSTER

20 HOUSES ALONG A STREET 2 CORES OF 10 UNITS AT EVERY FLOOR, CONNECTED THROUGH BRIDGES
Image : View of Existing Colony Image : View of Proposed Development
Create equity and social well being

Re-create similar social fabrics and enhancing the sense of identity among users.
Highway
Image : View of the frontage offered by commercial block and its interaction with the public road
Social Well-being
• Intent : Measures to be undertaken on site and within site design
to bring in equity and social well being
• Intent : Create public and recreational facilities that help build an

egalitarian society
Promote social cohesion and harmony
Intermediate public road through site, connects the adjacent villages to the Highway. • Intent : Provide housing for all sections of society
Porous street edge with commercial activities.
Dedicated hawker zone. • Intent : Room for informal market like vegetable vendors
Community Hall and Play areas abutting the road
THREAD & BEAD

Community Linkage KEY PLAN
Pedestrian Connect
Ease of connection, reduced dependency on vertical transportation or mechanical means of transportation.
Landscape designed to emphasize block entrance and retain green connect to higher levels.
Landscaped Terraces
Alternating landscaped terraces act community break-out spaces
Create varied experiences and promote social interactions and community activities
Interlinking Corridors
Extending the streetscape beyond the ground plane to higher levels of building
Bringing the street character into the building
Personalisation of Spaces
Corridors extend as Transitional spaces – a passage from the public realm to private.
Allow for personalisation, bringing quality and identity to spaces.
DESIGN DRIVERS
MATERIALS
Methods & Procedures : Locally Available Materials
To be produced locally.
Fly Ash to be sourced from the adjacent paper mill
DESIGN DRIVERS
WASTE
Methods & Procedures : Solid Waste Management
Garbage Chutes
Solid Waste Management

• Intent : Ensure that organic waste and recyclables must be
collected and stored separately in multi coloured containers/bins
at both decentralized and centralized level.
• Intent : Ensure a facility/system for effective and efficient

management of waste
• Intent : Arrangements for secondary collection and communal

storage for recyclables should be made to be taken up on a
frequent basis
Methods & Procedures : Sewage Waste Management
Settler Tanks Vortex Ponds
Vortex Treatment
Elimination of odours and colours

Natural self purification process
Low energy consumption (1 to 3Hp)
Reduced footprint
No chemicals or additives required
Scalability for different types and quantities of waste water
Easy maintenance and operation
Aesthetic integration within landscape
Low running cost
Study and Analysis provided by : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research

SUMMARY
Summary
Sustainable Site Water Management Social Wellbeing
16.5% 62.8% EQUITY

GREEN COVER PER CAPITA REDUCTION FROM BASELINE
SOCIAL CONNECT
Mobility Energy Waste Management
PedShed PASSIVE vortex

RIGHT de-wats
400M RADIUS
“ In the coming decades, the survival of humanity will depend on
our ecological literacy - our ability to understand the basic
principles of ecology and to live accordingly… “
(Fritjof Capra – Founder - Centre for Ecolitracy, Berkeley, California)
THANK YOU
Central Projects Organization

Presented : 11-Dec-2012
ITC Limited

Humanising Architecture: Case Study of

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Humanising Architecture: Case Study of

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Humanising Architecture: Case Study of

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

HUMANISING ARCHITECTURE

ITC BHADRACHALAM TOWNSHIP

Green Large Developments

External Temperature 2 – 45 degrees

Internal temperature The equivalent of a 2km Captures natural air flow

The proposed site is located in Sarapakka

The complete Mill Unit at Bhadrachalam is

Max Temperature = 46 deg Predominant wind direction = SW to NE

As per the climate zone map of India, provided in National Building

Climatic Study and Analysis provided by TERI – Bangalore

EXISTING SINGLE STOREY

PROPOSED MULTI STOREYED

1510 245,000 Reuse

LAND ECOLOGY PEOPLE AFFORDABILITY

• Intent : Encourage sites within existing communities.

PART-1 PART-2 PART-3 PART-4 PART-5

+16.0M SITE SLOPE +0.0M

LOW RISE HIGH RISE - 9/10 FLOORS

• Intent : Minimize soil disturbance in design & construction.

• Intent : Measures should be taken to store & preserve

• Intent : Natural and semi-natural plant groupings should be

 Elimination of basement parking

 Modulated internal Levels of stilt

Site Assessment & Planning

• Intent : Roads & lot layouts should

VIEW QUALITY LIGHT QUALITY

60% units face outwards

CROSS VENTILATION THERMAL COMFORT

100% units have at least two sides of

• Buildings are clustered such that they are mutually

• Reduced the heat gain to buildings.

• Residential Unit – Deep shades and balconies are

• Window to Wall ratio is 60% (lower than the

• Appropriate external shading has been

Solar Passive Design

• Intent : The built form shall reflect climate

• Intent : Space planning of building shall be

• All Kitchen would require VLT greater than 70%.

Shading Device for typical window

TOTAL DEMAND LOAD • Increase occupant comfort & improved productivity

• Optimize building system performance

6010 • Reduce building life-cycle costs

• Maintenance friendly design

210 • Optimizing of distribution losses

• Centralized Collection sump of the water source

• Individual Over Head tanks for Fresh water and

• Solar Hot water of 200 L capacity for each family.

• Approx 15000 kW-hr of energy is saved by Solar

Carrying Capacity of Site

• Intent : The carrying capacity of the site is 8500

• Intent : Develop and integrate a water strategy at

• Intent : Provision for adequate quality of water for

Site Storm Water Management Plan

SWALES & DETENTION PONDS

SITE CIRCULATION PLAN Peripheral Loop Vehicular Road

Integration of Landscape Elements

 Internal green courts are pedestrian-only zones.

 Blocks linked through internal pedestrian network.

• Intent : Follow road classifications and