The document presents Table 11-3 from ACI 318 which outlines exposure categories for durable concrete based on factors like freezing and thawing, sulfates, corrosion, and permeability. It lists the maximum water-cement ratio (w/cm) and minimum design compressive strength for concrete in each exposure category, which range from "not applicable" to "very severe" levels of exposure. The table provides guidelines for designing durable concrete mixtures based on the anticipated service conditions and environment.
The document presents Table 11-3 from ACI 318 which outlines exposure categories for durable concrete based on factors like freezing and thawing, sulfates, corrosion, and permeability. It lists the maximum water-cement ratio (w/cm) and minimum design compressive strength for concrete in each exposure category, which range from "not applicable" to "very severe" levels of exposure. The table provides guidelines for designing durable concrete mixtures based on the anticipated service conditions and environment.
The document presents Table 11-3 from ACI 318 which outlines exposure categories for durable concrete based on factors like freezing and thawing, sulfates, corrosion, and permeability. It lists the maximum water-cement ratio (w/cm) and minimum design compressive strength for concrete in each exposure category, which range from "not applicable" to "very severe" levels of exposure. The table provides guidelines for designing durable concrete mixtures based on the anticipated service conditions and environment.
The document presents Table 11-3 from ACI 318 which outlines exposure categories for durable concrete based on factors like freezing and thawing, sulfates, corrosion, and permeability. It lists the maximum water-cement ratio (w/cm) and minimum design compressive strength for concrete in each exposure category, which range from "not applicable" to "very severe" levels of exposure. The table provides guidelines for designing durable concrete mixtures based on the anticipated service conditions and environment.
Table 11-3. Exposure Categories for Durable Concrete (Adapted from ACI 318) Min. Design Compressive Max. Strength, Exposure Categories w/cm MPa (psi) Freezing and thawing F0 (Not applicable) – for concrete not exposed to cycles of freezing and thawing — 17 (2500) F1 (Moderate) – Concrete exposed to freezing and thawing cycles and occasional exposure to moisture (and no deicing chemicals) 0.45 31 (4500) F F2 (Severe) – Concrete exposed to freezing and thawing cycles and in continuous contact with moisture 0.45 31 (4500) F3 (Very Severe) – Concrete exposed to freezing and thawing cycles that will be in continuous contact with moisture and exposure to deicing chemicals or seawater† 0.45 31 (4500) Sulfates*** S0 (Not applicable) – Soil: SO4 <0.10% – Water: SO4 <150 ppm — — S1 (Moderate) – Soil: 0.10% ≤ SO4 < 0.20% – Water: 150 ppm ≤ SO4 <1500 ppm S – Seawater 0.50 28 (4000) SO4 2– S2 (Severe)‡ – Soil: 0.20% ≤ SO4 < 2.0% – Water: 1500 ppm ≤ SO4 <10,000 ppm 0.45 31 (4500) S3 (Very severe)‡ – Soil: SO4 > 2.0% – Water: SO4 >10,000 ppm 0.40* 35 (5000)** Corrosion C0 (Not applicable) – Concrete that will be dry or protected from moisture in service — 17 (2500) Cl - C C1 (Moderate) – Concrete exposed to moisture but not to an external source of chlorides in service 0.45 31 (4500)
C2 (Severe) – Concrete exposed to moisture and an external
source of chlorides in service 0.40 35 (5000) Permeability P0 (Not applicable) – Concrete where low permeability to water is not required — 17 (2500) P
P1 Concrete required to have low permeability
to water 0.50 28 (4000)
*ACI 318 uses a w/cm of 0.45
**ACI 318 uses a min. strength of 31 (4500 psi) *** ASTM C1580 method is recommended to determine sulfate content of soil and ASTM D516 for testing water † See ACI 318 for the amount of SCMs allowed in concrete exposed to deicers ‡ Chloride admixtures are not allowed
