DEDICATION:

I dedicate this work to my parents for giving me their advices and all things that I have.
To my professors who are always giving me their experiences to make me a better
professional.

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Index

1. Present Progressive 4

2. Present Tense 8

3. Song 13

4. My Community 18

5. Conclusions 20

6. References 21
1.

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 FIRST PART:

GRAMMAR TOPIC

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 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

The present progressive indicates continuing action, something going on now. This
tense is formed with the helping "to be" verb, in the present tense, plus the present
participle of the verb (with an -ing ending).
“I am selling my old books.”
“Lucia is being a really good girl in these days before Christmas.”

The Present progressive can suggest that an action is going to happen in the future,
especially with verbs that convey the idea of a plan or of movement from one place or
condition to another.

“The team is arriving in two hours.”

“He is moving to Piura this summer.”

Because the present progressive can

suggest either the present or the future, it is
usually modified by adverbs of time.

Grammar structure:
The Present Continuous Tense is formed using the present tense of the verb to be and
the present participle of the verb required.

Subject + Be (not) + Base Form of Verb+ -ing + Other Words.

Carlos is not feeding the dogs.

I am not studying with María.

You are not playing football.

I am not working on that project now.

We are not having lunch right now.

Interrogative: Are we learning now? - it is formed by inversion of the

auxiliary verb and the subject.

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Form:

a) When adding the suffix –ing to the infinitive verb, very often no spelling
changes occur:
work + ing → working
sing + ing → singing
feed + ing → feeding

a) If the verb ends in “mute e” (“e” which is written but non pronounced), the
“mute e” gets dropped:

smile + ing → smiling

receive + ing → receiving

b) If the verb ends in a consonant preceded by a short vowel, the final consonant
gets doubled:

slip + ing → slipping

run + ing → running
swim + ing → swimming
put + ing → putting

c) Finally, there are some verbs in English that end in "ie". These verbs change the
"ie" to "y" before adding the ing suffix:

Lie + y + ing → lying.

Tie + y + ing → tying.

Die + y + ing→ dying.

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Use:

a) Actions happening at the moment of speaking (the real present):

Peter is not reading a book now / at this moment.

(In this case the adverbs of time “now” / “at this moment” can be omitted.)

You’re eating my ice-cream!

Look! It’s raining!
The children are not sleeping now.
Luis is making an ice cream.

b) For activities that are in progress, but not necessarily going on at this very
moment:

They are building a new highway.

He is not reading “Tom Sawyer.”

c) For future arrangements (very often used with adverbs of time denoting near
future, such as TOMORROW, THIS WEEK, TONIGHT, THIS
AFTERNOON, NEXT WEEK, LATER):

They are going to Venice tomorrow.

We are visiting our granny this weekend.
Where are you spending your holidays this summer?
He’s moving to London.

d) To denote a durative action, a process:

He is growing older.
She is getting more and more attractive.
Your English is improving.

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e) To denote a temporary actions:

They are living in a rented house. ( = temporarily, until they buy

their own house)

He’s walking to work while his car is being repaired.

f) With ALWAYS meaning TOO OFTEN, more often than normal.

It’s a frequently repeated action, usually annoying the speaker:

He is always mowing his lawn!

You are always visiting your mother.
My sister is always wearing my clothes.

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 PRESENT TENSE

The simple present is a verb tense with two main uses. We use the simple present tense
when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly,
which is why it’s sometimes called present indefinite). Depending on the person, the
simple present tense is formed by using the root form or by adding -s or -es to the end.

Nicole never sends the notarized letters.

I’m sorry to hear that you’re sick.
The other is to talk about habitual actions or occurrences:
Pauline practices the piano every day.
Hamsters run all night.
Typically, when we want to describe a temporary action that is currently in progress, we
use the present continuous:
Pauline can’t come to the phone right now because she is brushing her teeth.

Grammar structure:

The Present Simple has the same form as the infinitive without to (except the verb to
be), but adds an s for the third person singular in positive sentences only.

Infinitive: to write
Present Simple: I write, you write, we write, they write
he/she/it writes

Interrogative: Do I run? Do you run? Do we run? Do they run?

Does he/she/it run?

- it is formed with the present tense of to do + the infinitive

without to of the main verb

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Negative: I do not (don’t) work - you/we/they do not work
he/she/it does not (doesn’t) work

- it is formed with the present tense of to do + negation not + the infinitive

without to of the main verb

Form:
1.- Adding –s/-es in the 3rd person singular (positive only)

a) Quite often no changes occur and only –s is added:

I am not work – she works

we ask – he asks
they add – she adds

b) If “y” is preceded by a vowel there is no change and only –s is added:

I play – he plays
they stay – she stays
I say – he says

c) Verbs ending in –y preceded by a consonant change y into “i” and add –es:

I cry – he cries.
we study – she studies.
you fly – she flies.

d) If the verb ends in /s/, /z/, /∫/, /ž /, /t∫/, /dž /, we add the ending –es which is
pronounced /iz/:

I watch - he watches
you wash - it washes
we kiss - she kisses

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 they brush - he brushes
I teach - she teaches
We grudge - he grudges
they buzz - it buzzes

Exceptions: I do – he does.
we go – she goes.

2.- The structure of simple present in negative form is:

a) In the case of denials, we place do not or  don’t between the person and the
verb.

We do not (don’t) like Mexican food.

I do not (don’t) smoke.

b) In the case of third person does not or doesn’t.

That plant does not grow.

He doesn't play.
She doesn't write a letter.

c) There are exceptions to this rule, that is, verbs that do not need an auxiliary verb
(to be).
(To deny, we simply add the word "not".)

I am not a teacher.
David is not angry.
They can be here in one hour.

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USE:

a) For expressing general truth:

He works in the Post Office.

My father doesn’t like sweets.

b) To denote habitual action:

(we can always add adverbs of definite or indefinite time in these sentences)

We always play tennis on Sundays.

She never drinks coffee.
Peter goes to work every morning.

c) For scientific facts:

The Sun sets in the evening.

Water boils at 100° C.
The planets go round the Sun.
Spiders have eight legs.

d) To denote a fixed future action (schedule, timetable):

The ship sails at 5:45.

The film starts at 6 p.m.
The ship sails / is sailing at 5:45.
The train leaves / is leaving tonight from Chicago.

e) In clauses beginning with the adverbs of time like WHEN, AFTER,

AS SOON AS, BEFORE, TILL:
When Mary sees John, she’ll fall in love with him.
As soon as you do it, you’ll go home.

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 Wait till the bus stops.
You will eat the sandwich before we reach the village.
The guests will be drunk before they leave.

f) Instead of the Simple Past to make the description of past events

more vivid (also called “Historical present”).

He takes the bag, enters the car and escapes.

I walk into the shop, ask for the ring and the woman behind the counter tells me
they’re closed.
At that moment, in comes a policeman.

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SECOND PART:

SONG

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 Lemon Tree
Artist: Fools Garden

Album: Dish of the day

Release year: 1995

Gender: Pop

Awards: Eco Award for Best New National Artist

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 Lyrics
I'm sitting here in the boring room
It's just another rainy sunday afternoon
I'm wasting my time
I got nothing to do
I'm hanging around
I'm waiting for you
But nothing ever happens and I wonder
I'm driving around in my car
I'm driving too fast
I'm driving too far
I'd like to change my point of view

I feel so lonely
I'm waiting for you
But nothing ever happens and I wonder

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 I wonder how
I wonder why
Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky
And all that I can see is just a yellow lemon-tree
I'm turning my head up and down
I'm turning turning turning turning turning around
And all that I can see is just another lemon-tree

I'm sitting here

I miss the power
I'd like to go out taking a shower
But there's a heavy cloud inside my head
I feel so tired
Put myself into bed
While nothing ever happens and I wonder

Isolation is not good for me

Isolation I don't want to sit on the lemon-tree

I'm steppin' around in the desert of joy

Baby anyhow I'll get another toy
And everything will happen and you wonder

I wonder how
I wonder why
Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky
And all that I can see is just another lemon-tree
I'm turning my head up and down
I'm turning turning turning turning turning around
And all that I can see is just a yellow lemon-tree
And I wonder, wonder

I wonder how
I wonder why
Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky
And all that I can see, and all that I can see, and all that I can see
Is just a yellow lemon-tree

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TRANSVERSAL
TOPIC

17
 MY COMMUNITY

I live in Independence; I live there since I was born. And here I would like to talk a little
about the district. It was created on March 16, 1964, by law number 14965, which today
has articulated six zonal axes comprised by La Unificada, El Ermitaño, the capital of
Independencia, the old pampa of the cave -Tahuantinsuyo, Túpac Amaru and the
Industrial-Commercial Zone.
Well, what I remember from my childhood is that you can play in the street, parks or
squares without much danger. Those moments in which the children of each house went
out to explore the world, the different games like hiding, silver, kiwi, "killing people",
soccer, volleyball, etc. But when you grow up you realize the bad things or the ones that
are missing. The district has, as it is not as safe as you thought, garbage heaped in the
corners, of how little each mayor did to improve the district. This happens, I think, in
almost every district and it's becoming common.
In Independence there are many parks, committees of glass of milk, self-managed
dining rooms and a club of mothers, as well as a beautiful square that is in front of the
municipality. It has landscapes like Sleeping Beauty (hills in the shape of a woman
resting), stones and a Skate Park that families can enjoy.

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 It also has two large shopping centers such as "Mega Plaza" and "Plaza Norte", which
is the largest shopping center in Peru, there is also a terrapuerto called Terminal Plaza
Norte. Where you can safely go for a walk or get distracted with the whole family.

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CONCLUSIONS:

It is very important to take into account the structuring of the sentences used in the
Perfect Time and Simple Present, and their use in the English Language, since these
indicate when an event happens.
In the same way, it is essential to take into account the grammatical rules and the
exceptions that we should use when we are going to construct sentences of this type.

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REFERENCES:

https://www.really-learn-english.com/examples-of-present-progressive-tense.html
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/pres_pro.htm
https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/verbs/the-present-progressive-
tense/
http://www.madridteacher.com/Grammar/presente-continuo.htm
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/present-tense
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/simple-present/
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/tenses/simple_present.htm

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