Unit Practice Test: Gas Laws: Multiple Choice

Unit Practice Test: Gas Laws
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. A sample of an ideal gas is kept at a temperature of 300 K, a volume of 1.45 L, and a pressure of 3.00 atm.
What additional information can be calculated about the gas? Assume that R, the ideal gas constant, is known.
a. The number of moles of the gas in the sample
b. The mass of the gas sample
c. The density of the gas sample
d. The molar mass of the gas
____ 2. Oxygen, nitrogen, and argon gases are mixed in a sealed chamber. The partial pressures of each gas are
known. What is the total pressure?
a. The sum of the three partial pressures
b. The product of the three partial pressures
c. The maximum value of the three partial pressures
d. The minimum value of the three partial pressures
____ 3. The temperature of an ideal gas is doubled from 200 K to 400 K while the volume is kept constant. According
to kinetic theory, which changes occur to the particles that make up the gas?
a. Their speed increases and the average distance between them increases.
b. Their mass increases and their speed increases.
c. Their speed increases and their collision rate increases.
d. Their speed decreases and their collision rate increases.
____ 4. Why is a gas easy to compress?
a. Gases readily undergo reversible chemical reactions.
b. The sizes of the particles can be decreased easily.
c. The space between the particles can be decreased easily.
d. The masses of the particles are sufficiently small.
____ 5. Which three factors can affect gas pressure?
a. The size of gas particles, the mass of gas particles, and the temperature
b. The size of gas particles, the volume, and the shape of the container
c. The mass of gas particles, the volume, and the shape of the container
d. The number of moles of the gas particles, the volume, and the temperature
____ 6. Why does a collision with an air bag (a gas-filled bag) hurt less than a collision with a steering wheel (a
solid)?
a. Particles of a gas have less mass than particles of a solid.
b. Particles of a gas are smaller than particles of a solid.
c. Gases are more chemically reactive than solids.
d. Particles of a gas are spread apart and compressible, while particles of a solid are held
firmly in one position.
____ 7. How is a change in temperature related to the pressure of a contained gas?
a. As temperature increases, pressure increases.
b. As temperature increases, pressure decreases.
c. As temperature increases, pressure remains constant.
d. As temperature increases, pressure either increases or decreases depending on the gas.
____ 8. How are the pressure and volume of a gas related at constant temperature?
a. As pressure increases, volume increases.
b. As pressure increases, volume decreases.
c. As pressure increases, volume remains constant.
d. As pressure increases, volume either increases or decreases depending on the gas.
____ 9. How is the volume of a gas related to its temperature?
a. As temperature increases, volume increases.
b. As temperature increases, volume decreases.
c. As temperature increases, volume remains constant.
d. As temperature increases, volume either increases or decreases depending on the gas.
____ 10. A given mass of air has a volume of 6.00 L at 101 atm. At constant temperature, the pressure is decreased to
25.0 atm. Calculate the final volume for the gas, as described by Boyle's law.
a. 1.50 L
b. 6.00 L
c. 20.0 L
d. 24.2 L
____ 11. How is the total pressure of a gas mixture related to the partial pressures of the component gases?
a. The total pressure equals the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases.
b. The total pressure equals the average of the partial pressures of the component gases.
c. The total pressure equals the product of the partial pressures of the component gases.
d. The total pressure equals the maximum value of all the partial pressures of the component
gases.
____ 12. What is the effect of molar mass on rates of diffusion and effusion?
a. Gases of lower molar mass diffuse and effuse faster than gases of higher molar mass.
b. Gases of lower molar mass diffuse and effuse slower than gases of higher molar mass.
c. Gases of lower molar mass diffuse faster and effuse slower than gases of higher molar
mass.
d. Gases of lower molar mass diffuse slower and effuse faster than gases of higher molar
mass.
____ 13. A tire contains a mixture of gases with the following partial pressures: PO2 = 51.3 kPa, PCO2 = 0.10 kPa, PN2 =
191.3 kPa, and Pothers = 2.3 kPa. Calculate the total pressure as described by Dalton's law of partial pressures.
a. 101.3 kPa
b. 183.7 kPa
c. 242.7 kPa
d. 245.0 kPa
____ 14. Assuming the gas in a container remains at a constant temperature, how could you increase the gas pressure in
the container a hundredfold?
a. Increase the amount of gas in the container by a factor of 100.
b. Decrease the volume of the container to 1/100 of its original size.
c. Either A or B, but not both at the same time.
d. Both A and B at the same time.
____ 15. What is the relationship between the temperature and pressure of a contained gas at constant volume?
a. As temperature increases, pressure increases.
b. As temperature increases, pressure decreases.
c. As temperature increases, pressure remains constant.
d. As temperature increases, pressure either increases or decreases depending on the gas.
____ 16. A given mass of air has a volume of 6.00 L at 80.0°C. At constant pressure, the temperature is decreased to
40.0°C. Calculate the final volume for the gas, as described by Charles's law.
a. 3.00 L
b. 5.32 L
c. 6.77 L
d. 12.0 L
____ 17. A 0.582-mol sample of an ideal gas is at 15°C and 81.8 kPa. Calculate the volume for the ideal gas, as
described by the ideal gas law.
a. 0.887 L
b. 10.4 L
c. 17.0 L
d. 22.4 L
____ 18. How is the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture calculated?
a. Divide the total pressure by the molar mass of the gas.
b. Divide the temperature of the gas by the volume.
c. Subtract the partial pressures of the other gases from the total pressure.
d. Add the partial pressures of the other gases to the total pressure.
____ 19. What distinguishes effusion from diffusion?
a. During effusion, a gas escapes through a tiny hole in its container.
b. During effusion, molecules spread out until their concentration is uniform.
c. Effusion is the diffusion of very heavy molecules or other particles.
d. Effusion is the diffusion of very light molecules or other particles.
____ 20. Why are the rates of diffusion of nitrogen gas and carbon monoxide almost identical at the same temperature?
a. Both gases consist of polar molecules.
b. Both gases consist of nonpolar molecules.
c. Both gases consist of diatomic molecules.
d. Both gases have almost the same molar mass.
____ 21. The kinetic molecular theory helps explain the behavior of gases. Which answer choice below accurately
explains a postulate of the kinetic molecular theory that is based on physical phenomena?
a. Gas particles are large and can change shape, which is based partly on observations that
the volume of gases depends on pressure.
b. Gas particles have insignificant attractions to each other, which is based partly on
observations that gases spread out to fill their containers.
c. Gas particles are close together but can move past one another, which is based partly on
observations that gases flow.
d. All of these
____ 22. The table below shows the composition of the gases that make up dry air.
What is the partial pressure of the “Other” gases, expressed in kPa?
a. 0.99
b. 2.55
c. 3.01
d. 4.49
____ 23. Juan gathered data about gases to test Charles's law. He held the pressure constant during his experiment. He
plotted his data in the graph shown below.
Which variable is on the y-axis and what can he conclude from this graph?
a. The y-axis shows pressure; pressure increases as temperature increases.
b. The y-axis shows pressure; pressure decreases as volume increases.
c. The y-axis shows volume; volume increases as temperature increases.
d. The y-axis shows volume; volume decreases as temperature increases.
____ 24. A container holds a mixture of gases with the following partial pressures: PO2 = 40.3 kPa, PCO2 = 0.89 kPa, PN2
= 180.3 kPa, and Pothers = 1.3 kPa. Calculate the total pressure as described by Dalton's law of partial
pressures.
a. 101.3 kPa
b. 180.3 kPa
c. 222.8 kPa
d. 240.0 kPa
____ 25. A chemist has identified the temperature, volume, and pressure of a sample of an ideal gas. What additional
fact about the gas can be determined?
a. The molar mass of the gas
b. The number of atoms per molecule of the gas
c. The number of moles of gas in the sample
d. None of the above
____ 26. How does the gas propellant move when an aerosol can is used?
a. from a region of high pressure to a region of lower pressure
b. from a region of high pressure to a region of equally high pressure
c. from a region of low pressure to a region of higher pressure
d. from a region of low pressure to a region of equally low pressure
____ 27. If the volume of a container of gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure inside the container?
a. The pressure will increase.
b. The pressure will not change.
c. The pressure will decrease.
d. The pressure depends on the type of gas.
____ 28. Why does air escape from a tire when the tire valve is opened?
a. The pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tire.
b. The pressure outside the tire is greater than the pressure inside the tire.
c. The temperature is higher outside the tire than inside the tire.
d. There are more particles of air outside the tire than inside the tire.
____ 29. If a balloon is heated, what happens to the pressure of the air inside the balloon if the volume remains
constant?
a. It increases.
b. It stays the same.
c. It decreases.
d. The change cannot be predicted.
____ 30. The combined gas law relates which of the following?
a. pressure and volume only
b. temperature and pressure only
c. volume and temperature only
d. temperature, pressure, and volume
____ 31. Which law can be used to calculate the number of moles of a contained gas?
a. Boyle’s law
b. combined gas law
c. ideal gas law
d. Charles’s law
____ 32. Which of the following gases will effuse the most rapidly?
a. bromine
b. chlorine
c. ammonia
d. hydrogen
____ 33. Which of the following gases is the best choice for inflating a balloon that must remain inflated for a long
period of time?
a. argon
b. oxygen
c. hydrogen
d. neon
Unit Practice Test: Gas Laws
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1

OBJ: Calculate the volume, pressure, number of moles, and temperature for an ideal gas.
STA: Chem.9A TOP: PE_EN_TX_CHEM_2014_TB_267338
BLM: comprehension
OBJ: Relate the total pressure of a mixture of gases to the partial pressures of the component gases.
BLM: knowledge
3. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: Describe and calculate the relationship among the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas.
STA: Chem.9C TOP: PE_EN_TX_CHEM_2014_TB_267343
BLM: application
BLM: comprehension
5. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2
BLM: comprehension
BLM: comprehension
BLM: knowledge
8. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1
BLM: knowledge
BLM: knowledge
BLM: application
BLM: knowledge
OBJ: Explain how the molar mass of a gas affects the rate at which the gas diffuses and effuses.
STA: Chem.2G|Chem.9A TOP: PE_EN_TX_CHEM_2014_TB_255852
BLM: knowledge
BLM: application
BLM: comprehension
BLM: knowledge
BLM: application
BLM: application
BLM: comprehension
BLM: comprehension
BLM: knowledge
OBJ: Determine the conditions under which real gases are most likely to differ from ideal gases.
STA: Chem.2D|Chem.9C TOP: PE_EN_TX_CHEM_2014_TB_256192
BLM: comprehension
BLM: analysis
STA: Chem.2I|Chem.9C TOP: PE_EN_TX_CHEM_2014_TB_256698
BLM: comprehension
BLM: application
STA: Chem.2I|Chem.9A TOP: PE_EN_TX_CHEM_2014_TB_267179
BLM: application
STA: Chem.9C TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC3 BLM: knowledge
STA: Chem.9C TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC4 BLM: comprehension
STA: Chem.9C TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC10 BLM: application
STA: Chem.9C TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC20 BLM: application
STA: Chem.9C TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC29 BLM: knowledge
STA: Chem.9C TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC34 BLM: comprehension
STA: Chem.9A TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC49 BLM: application
STA: Chem.9A TOP: PE_CHEM_3e_2010_C14_MC51 BLM: application

Unit Practice Test: Gas Laws: Multiple Choice

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How are the three gas laws related?

What factors affect the rate of diffusion and effusion of gases?

Unit Practice Test: Gas Laws

1. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1

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