Circulatory System

The Circulatory System
Learning Competency
Explain how the respiratory and

circulatory systems work together to
transport nutrients, gases, and other
molecules to and from the different
parts of the body.
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ACTIVITY 1
Assess Your Prior Knowledge
What do you think is the function of heart?
“
The Human Circulatory System
The human circulatory system supplies the tissues in the body with oxygen
and other nutrients, transports hormones, and removes unnecessary waste products.
It is made up of heart, blood vessels, and blood.
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The Circulatory System
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The Parts of Respiratory System
Heart
Blood
Blood
Blood Vessels
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HEART
One of the most complex organs

in the body is the heart. The
heart is made of specialized
cardiac muscle tissue that
allows it to act as a pump within
the circulatory system. It is
located in the center of the
thoracic cavity (chest) , with its
apex tilted slightly to the left.
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HEART
The heart pumps blood through

involuntary contractions of the cardiac
muscles. The pumping action of the heart
and the network of channels are
responsible for carrying and distributing
nutrients, gases, hormones, antibodies, and
many other important substances that the
body need to function and survive
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Parts of the Heart
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HEART: 2 Sides
The heart is divided into two sides, the

division protects the oxygen-rich blood Left Side
Right Side
from mixing with oxygen-poor blood.
1. Right side. It carries oxygen-poor

blood (blue blood).
2. Left Side. It carries oxygen-rich blood

(red blood).
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HEART: 4 Chambers
The heart has four chambers:

ü right atrium
ü right ventricle
ü left atrium
ü left ventricle.
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How the Blood Flows in the Heart?
Superior vena cava
The oxygen-poor blood (blue

blood) returns to the the right side
of the heart through the Superior
vena cava and Inferior vena cava
after circulating through out the
human body.
Inferior vena cava
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Pulmonary Arteries
The right side of the heart

composed of the right atrium and
right ventricle and collects and
pumps the oxygen-poor blood Right Atrium
(blue blood) to the lungs through
the pulmonary arteries.
Right Ventricle
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Pulmonary
Lungs Arteries
The lungs refresh the oxygen-

poor blood (blue blood) with
a new supply of oxygen
making it turn oxygen-rich
blood (red blood). Pulmonary
Vein
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Pulmonary Vein
Aorta
The oxygen-rich blood (red blood)
then enters the left side of the heart, Left Atrium
composed of the left atrium and
left ventricle, through the
pulmonary vein and is pump
through the aorta to the body to Left Ventricle
supply tissues with oxygen.
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HEART: 4 Valves
There are four (4) valve in

your heart to keep your blood
moving the right way:
Tricuspid valve, Mitral valve,
Pulmonary valve, and Aortic
valve.
They work as gate or a fence,
they open only one way and
only when pushed on. Each
valve opens and closes once
per heart beat.
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4 Valves of the Heart
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Sytole and Diatole
A beating heart contracts and relaxes.

1. Systole. It refers to heart when it contracts. During systole:
ü The right and left ventricles contrast forcing blood into the vessels going to your
lungs and into the body.
ü The Tricuspid valve and Mitral valve closes and the Pulmonary valve and Aortic
valve opens.
1. Diastole. It refers to heart when it relaxes. During diastole:
ü The right and left ventricles then relaxes and are filled with blood coming from the
upper chambers (left and right atrium).
ü The Tricuspid valve and Mitral valve opens and the Pulmonary valve and Aortic
valve closes.
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Systole and Diastole
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BLOOD VESSELS Arteries
Veins
The heart needs passageways
to distribute blood throughout
the body. These passageways
are called blood vessels, which
is mainly composed of arteries,
veins, and capillaries.
Capillaries
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BLOOD VESSELS: Artery
Artery. It carries blood away from

the heart and generally transports
oxygen-rich blood (red blood).
Arteries have thicker muscular
walls compared to veins and
capillaries.
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BLOOD VESSELS: Veins
Veins. It carries blood to the

heart and generally transport
oxygen-poor blood (blue
blood). Veins have valves to
make sure that blood travels in
only one direction even against
gravity.
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BLOOD VESSELS: Capillaries
Capillaries. It connect the arteries

and veins. These are where the gas
exchange takes place between the
blood and the tissues, this process
is called internal respiration.
Artery Vein
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Internal Respiration
From the artery, the oxygen-rich blood

(red blood) flows inside the capillaries
and gives off oxygen and nutrients to the
body cells. Once it gives off oxygen it will
turn to oxygen-poor blood (blue blood)
then it absorbs carbon dioxide and wastes
from the body’s cells and will flow to vein
going into the heart then pumped into the
lungs to refreshed again and turn to
oxygen-rich blood (red blood) again.
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BLOOD
Blood is a fluid that transforms

oxygen and nourishment to the body
cells and aids in the excretion of
carbon dioxide and waste products
from the body. It also helps
maintain body temperature and
control pH. Blood is composed
mainly of red blood cells, white
blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
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BLOOD: Red Blood Cells (RBC)
The Red Blood Cells (RBC), also known as erythrocytes,

carry oxygen to the body cells. As they do so, they collect
the waste gas (carbon dioxide) and transport it back to the
lungs, where carbon dioxide is expelled from the body
through exhalation.
ü The red blood cells are the most abundant of the blood cells. One drop of blood contains
around 5 million RBC and has an average life of 120 days.
ü Red blood cells are red because they contain hemoglobin, an iron-rich protein. The iron
content makes the RBC an excellent vehicle for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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BLOOD: White Blood Cells (WBC)
The , also known as leukocytes, battle infection by attacking and

destroying germs or foreign particles that enter the body. A WBC count that is higher or lower
than the normal range may indicate a weak immune system. During an infection, the body
produces more white blood cells to help fight the infection but it should not exceed the normal
count of RBC.
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How White Blood Cells fight infections and/or bacterias
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BLOOD: Platelets
Platelets, also known as

thrombocytes, assist the blood
clotting process called coagulation,
and prevent the excessive bleeding
when blood vessel is severed or
ruptured. From the cite where the
blood leaks, the platelets stick to
the opening of the blood vessel and
begin to form a temporary seal to
cover the break.
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BLOOD: Platelets
Plasma is the pale yellow fluid where the

blood cells are suspended. It makes up
about 55% of the total blood volume. It
consists mainly of water and contains
dissolved constituents, including proteins,
glucose, clotting factors, electrolytes, and
hormones.
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BLOOD
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2 Distinct Circuits of Circulatory System
The Human Circulatory System has two distinct circuits - pulmonary and
systematic - that occur simultaneously.
Pulmonary Circulation Systematic Circulation
It is the process by which the It is the movement of oxygen-rich

circulatory system carries oxygen-poor blood (red blood) from the heart to
blood (blue blood) to the lungs and the different parts of the body. It
brings back oxygen-rich blood to the brings in oxygen-poor blood back to
heart. the heart.
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The Circulatory System

Explain how the respiratory and

One of the most complex organs

The heart pumps blood through

The heart is divided into two sides, the

1. Right side. It carries oxygen-poor

2. Left Side. It carries oxygen-rich blood

The heart has four chambers:

Superior vena cava

The oxygen-poor blood (blue

The right side of the heart

The lungs refresh the oxygen-

There are four (4) valve in

A beating heart contracts and relaxes.

Artery. It carries blood away from

Veins. It carries blood to the

Capillaries. It connect the arteries

From the artery, the oxygen-rich blood

Blood is a fluid that transforms

The Red Blood Cells (RBC), also known as erythrocytes,

The , also known as leukocytes, battle infection by attacking and

Platelets, also known as

Plasma is the pale yellow fluid where the

Pulmonary Circulation Systematic Circulation

It is the process by which the It is the movement of oxygen-rich

Answer the reamainig activities:

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