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  • Difference Between Pipes and Tubes

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    Diego Gauna
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    Pipes and tubes differ in how their dimensions are specified. Pipes are identified by their nominal pipe size (NPS) which relates to the inside diameter, while the outside diameter remains constant between schedule types. Tubes are identified by their outside diameter, with the inside diameter and wall thickness varying depending on gauge. Pipes generally have tighter tolerances and can be less expensive to produce than tubes.

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    Difference between Pipes and Tubes

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    Pipes and tubes differ in how their dimensions are specified. Pipes are identified by their nominal pipe size (NPS) which relates to the inside diameter, while the outside diameter remains constant between schedule types. Tubes are identified by their outside diameter, with the inside diameter and wall thickness varying depending on gauge. Pipes generally have tighter tolerances and can be less expensive to produce than tubes.

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    58 views2 pages

    Difference Between Pipes and Tubes

    Uploaded by

    Diego Gauna
    Pipes and tubes differ in how their dimensions are specified. Pipes are identified by their nominal pipe size (NPS) which relates to the inside diameter, while the outside diameter remains constant between schedule types. Tubes are identified by their outside diameter, with the inside diameter and wall thickness varying depending on gauge. Pipes generally have tighter tolerances and can be less expensive to produce than tubes.

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    Difference between Pipes and Tubes

    Pipes and tubes are not exactly the same


    Pipes
    The purpose with a pipe is the transport of a fluid like water, oil or similar, and the most
    import property is the capacity or the inside diameter.

    For a ASME/ANSI B 36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe the inside
    diameter - ID - of a NPS 2 inchespipe with

    • schedule 40 is 2.067"
    • schedule 80 is 1.939"
    The inside diameters are close to 2" and the nominal diameter is related to the inside
    diameter. Outside diameter are 2.375" for both schedules.

    Since the outside diameter of a single nominal pipe size is kept constant the inside
    diameter of a pipe depends on the "schedule" - or the thickness - of the pipe. The schedule
    and actual thickness of a pipe varies with size of the pipe.

    Example - the thickness of a 2" schedule 40 pipe is 0.154" and the thickness of a 6"
    schedule 40 pipe is 0.280".

    It is common to identify pipes in inches by using NPS or "Nominal Pipe Size". The metric
    equivalent is called DN or "diametre nominel". The metric designations conform to
    International Standards Organization (ISO) usage and apply to all plumbing, natural gas,
    heating oil, and in addition to miscellaneous piping used in buildings. Note - the use of
    NPS does not conform to American Standard pipe designations where the term NPS
    means "National Pipe Thread Straight".

    Nominal Bore (NB) may be specified under British standards classifications along with
    schedule or wall thickness.

    The tolerances are looser to pipes compared with tubes and pipes are often less
    expensive to produce than tubes.

    Tubes
    The nominal dimensions of tubes are based on the outside diameter. If we look at Copper
    Tubes - ASTM B88the outside diameter of a 2" pipe is 2.125", relatively close to 2".
    The inside diameter of a tube depends on the thickness of the tube. The thickness is often
    specified as gauge. If we look at Copper Tubes - ASTM B88 the wall thickness of 0.083"of a
    2" pipe is gauge 14.

    Tolerances are commonly higher with tubes compared to pipes and tubes are often more
    expensive to produce than pipes.

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    Related Topics

    • Dimensions - Sizes and dimensions of pipes and tubes, and their fittings - inside
    and outside diameter, weight and more
    Related Documents

    • ASTM B 280 Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration - ACR - Standard
    specification for seamless copper tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field
    Service
    • BWG - Birmingham Wire Gauge - The wall thickness of pipes - Gauge and decimal
    parts of an inch
    • Carbon, Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipes - ASME/ANSI B36.10/19 - Pipe sizes, inside
    and outside diameters, wall thickness, schedules, moment of inertia, transverse
    area, weight of pipe filled with water - U.S. Customary Units
    • Copper Tubes - ASTM B88 - Water and Gas Copper Tubes according ASTM B 88 -
    imperial units
    • Copper Tubes - Dimensions and Working Pressures - Dimensions and working
    pressures of copper tubes according BS (British Standard) 2871:1972
    • NPS - 'Nominal Pipe Size' and DN - 'Diametre Nominal' - The size of pipes, fittings,
    flanges and valves are often given in inches as NPS - Nominal Pipe Size, or in
    metric units as DN - 'Diametre Nominal'
    • Pipes - Nominal Wall Thickness - Nominal wall thickness of seamless and welded
    carbon and alloy steel pipes

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