A.

Activities

Answers

a. Diagnostic Exercises: Match the following terms to its definition

on the other column, just draw a line to connect.

Ethics- is the study of the rectitude of human conduct.

Religion- teaches about the existence of a creator.
Law- restatements, specifications or interpretations of an anterior
natural moral laws.
Education- develops the whole man, his moral, intellectual, and
physical capacities.
Morality- the basic element of human life, governs the internal acts
of man.
Logic- study of correct thinking.
Politics- refers to good government for the temporal welfare of the
citizens.
Sociology- study of the behavior of society and group of people.
Art- study for beauty as an expression of self.
Psychology- study of human and animal behavior.
Economics- study on the distribution of wealth for the consumption of
man in order to live.
b. Graphic Organization: Using a Venn Diagram, illustrate the
difference and similarity of morality and ethics.

Similarities

Morality Ethics

External rules

Personal principles May vary between

Right and wrong environments
Rarely change conduct
B. ANALYSIS

1. How do ethics relate to other fields and discipline?

Ethics  are well founded standards that  make the actions right and
wrong. it helps categorize different values such as
integrity  discipline and honesty among others and apply them in daily
lives.

2. How do morality differ from ethics?

The ethics rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular

class of human actions or a particular group or culture. The morality
principles or habits with respect to right or wrong conduct. While
morals also prescribe dos and don'ts, morality is ultimately a
personal compass of right and wrong.

C. ABSTRACTION

(Optional) Video clip presentation on the difference of Morality and

ethics.

D. APPLICATION

Task 1: Answer the questions below in your own words.

1. Why study ethics?

Actually, ethics studies human acts or human conduct. There are

indeed other sciences which also study human conduct, such as
psychology, sociology, and education, but ethics differs from each of
these in its standpoint, or in the particular aspect of human acts
with which it is particularly concerned and this is the morality of
human actions.
Many people are conscious about the things that happened even
though they do not know the whole incident in the lives of others.
Sometimes even wrong is still going on . So, in this case ethics will
help things better. Thus, ethics is the practical science that guides
us in our actions that we may live rightly and well, that’s the way to
trait others fairly. The Golden Rule comes into play here. Ask
yourself: Is this the way I would choose to be treated if the shoe
were on the other foot? Treating others fairly means to treat them
with respect. Respect the Rights of Others. How our lives go depends
as much on whether we respect ourselves as much as respecting others.
Apply the same standards of behavior in dealing with others as we do
to ourselves. Be consistent in our actions.
Study ethics can greatly help to guide ourselves on what
decisions to make or do to each other. It also educates ourselves by
enhancing our thinking about our lives and it helps to analyze
problems to avoid being censorious. They also provide an opportunity
to understand the reasons behind the differences.
2. According to Socrates, “The unexamined life is not worth living for
a man” Explain this in connection with the learning experience you
have.

Task 2: Write an essay for numbers 3 and 4.

3. Essay: Why should I be moral? Why should I do right?

Morality is about what you believe whether it is right or

wrong. People have different morals, maybe "I like his morals" or "why
is his morals like that". Morality depends on how we think about it or
not, especially on how you treat other people and what our personality
is.
For me, I should be moral, I should do right because that is the
right thing to do, thus my morality implies respect for others, not to
be like me on other people but to accept me for what I am. Sometimes,
there are reasons why we do things that have already been done and
that is because of our wrong decisions that can still be corrected
because we have a choice either you will do the right thing or the one
you know is right.
It is important to be moral or do what is right so that we can
have an understanding with our neighbor and other people, we care most
about that person whether he is moral, sociable and capable.
4.
Mideo Cruz was mentioned in the article because his artwork
gathered a lot of reactions from different critiques because of some
moral issues as raised by the Catholic Church and its believers.
Obviously we can see his art and for me this art is not as
touching. This is not an ethical issue because he is based on his own
beliefs even if they are wrong but he stands for something.
The controversy is about the pictures of Jesus Christ and Mary
alongside of condoms, plastic piggy banks, enclose in a glass case
where statues of saints are usually placed, crucifixes and rosaries
hanged side by side with wooden phalluses. The critiques viewed it’s
an immoral art, the reason why this artwork earned a lot of bad
impressions.

There are artist who are against the artworks by Mideo Cruz ,
telling everyone that his artworks was blasphemous and malicious. The
other artist defends the artwork saying that it is the artist way of
expressing himself and he has the right to make any art because we all
have freedom of expression but as what I see, this artwork is an
immoral.
maybe he no longer thinks about how people will react or viewers of
their artwork as long as for him he has the right to make artwork of
anything because that is what he stands for. And I think there’s a
reason why Mideo Cruz made his artwork Politeismo.
Sometimes, arts role is to reveal the gnawing and painful
realities of life which causes its viewers to change their own
perspective in life. And I think proper restriction is needed to this
right especially to those who are involved in the art.

Module 1
Lesson 3: DISCERNNG MORAL DILEMMA
A. ACTIVITY
Answer the following questions:
1. What situation that occurs in each scenario?
The situation that occurs in each scenario is problem, there is
difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives,
especially equally undesirable ones.
2. Who are involved in this situation?
The person who forced to save one person or a whole crowd.
3. Are all of them in the position to act in those situation? Why?
Yes, because they are both stuck in the situation and they are both
involved in the problem.

4. If they are in the position, will their actions be justifiable?

Why?
Their decision may be reasonable because they have no other choice and
that is what they decided.

5. Who will be affected by their actions? Why?

Each of them. Because they are all involved in the problem

B. ANALYSIS
1. Which decision creates the least amount of pain or injustice for
all parties involved?

A moral dilemma typically involves a situation in which a

difficult decision must be made regarding two or more choices that are
not necessarily moral or ethical. There are times in life when we come
across moral dilemmas that test our mental prowess and judgment. We
must decide which is the lesser of two evils. Oftentimes, there is no
easy or correct choice.

When faced with a moral dilemma, there are many factors to

consider. Who is involved and why? Is action necessary and, if so,
what do you do? Perhaps, it’s better to tell someone else about the
dilemma and let them decide what to do. Maybe there are other
solutions that are not plain to see at first.

No matter the situation, here are some recommendations to help

figure out how to handle a moral dilemma:

2. What made difficult to come up with decision?

These decisions are difficult to make because they’re dilemmas.

Whether you like both options or find neither one attractive, it’s
hard to know you’re making the right choice. As they say, when you
only have one option, it’s simply an option. Two options make a
dilemma. Three options present a real choice and that dilemmas made a
difficult to come up with the decision that will challenge you in a
real situation.

C. ABSTRACTION

(Optional) Video clip viewing.

D. APPLICATION

Narrate a story (actual experience of you or others) relating the

concept of moral dilemma to real life situation.

My brother's wife is an OFW, I found out that my brother has another

woman and I was afraid to tell my sister-in-law because I was afraid
of breaking their relationship. I confronted my brother but he did
not admit and I also did not have enough evidence so I just chose to
keep quiet to avoid their issue which could lead to their quarrel and
separation.

Module 1

Lesson 4: THE MORALITY OF HUMAN ACTS AND MORAL ACCOUNTABILITY

A. Activities

Write a list of specific actions that can be classified as human acts,

as well as actions that can be considered as acts of man. Give reasons
why that particular action included in your list.

ACTS OF MAN HUMAN ACTS REASONS

Blinking of the eyes Ignorance This is what I often
notice in myself
Digestion Passion This is what I often
notice in myself
Perspiration Fear This is what I often
notice in myself
Beating of the heart Violence This is what I often
notice in myself
Dreaming Habits This is what I often
notice in myself

B. ANALYSIS

1. What is human acts?

Human act “is an act which proceeds from the deliberate free will
of man”. In ethics, the term deliberates “means merely advertence or
knowledge in the intellect of what one is about and what this mean.”
The act then has to be advertently or knowingly done by the agent so
that it may be called the human act (Glenn, p. 10).

2. What is the acts of human?

Acts of man is a n an act that does not proceed from the

deliberate freewill of man. In contrast with the human act, acts of
man do not require the employment of the rational faculties of
intellect and free will.

3. Which particular action do you always do as to classified as human

acts?

In the above cited definitions and elucidations, three important

elements or constituents are obviously present for an act to be
strictly considered a human act: Knowledge, freedom, and voluntariness
or consent- on the part of the acting agent.

C. ABSTRACTION

D. APPLICATION

Task1 Answer reflectively the following questions.

1. How do you know whether your action is responsible?

The judgment that a person is morally responsible for her behavior

involves—at least to a first approximation—attributing certain powers
and capacities to that person, and viewing her behavior as arising (in
the right way) from the fact that the person has, and has exercised,
these powers and capacities.

2. How do you find studying the morality of human acts and moral
accountability contribute to our daily living?
I think that it contributes to quite a bit of how we go about our days
each day when by default we hold at the front of our minds good morals
and good ethics. It is sort of like saying, think about something for
long enough, making it ever present in your life, and eventually you
shall become it. The real beauty of such practices lie within the
eventual place that one comes to after having something so present in
their lives for so long, that is that living a life of good ethics and
morals no longer becomes a task or even something that difficult. But
rather, it all begins to come natural to you until the very point
whereby one need not even think about rather they act on a long string
of actions they once had to take time to think about. It is a
comfortable feeling knowing that one is on a secure moral and ethical
autopilot.

Task 2 Choose three questions to answer.

1. Is an indirect voluntary act still voluntary? Justify your answer.

It is when we will to do an act, we will the whole act including

its consequences; and since we place the cause, we also indirectly
will the effect, although this is in itself regrettable.

2. Is a drug addict still morally responsible for his acts over which
he has no more control? Explain your answer.

First, it regulates the manufacture, sale, and use of legal drugs

such as aspirin, sleeping pills, and antidepressants. Second, it
prohibits and punishes the manufacture, possession, and sale of
illegal drugs from marijuana to heroin, as well as some dangerous
legal drugs.

So drug addicts can be prosecuted because he can no longer

control himself and he can hurt his neighbor or kill so he has a big
responsibility because from the beginning he already knows that it is
forbidden but he still continues where it caused of his loss of self
and he would ruin his dignity and so on.

3. Suppose there is no law against drug-pushing, would it be morally

right? Support your answer.

First of all, drugs are different. There are those who can
overdose and there are those who do not, in case you get sick you can
use it with the consent of your doctor but if you just use drugs as a
vice or cause your addiction it becomes bad.
I mean, if you’re really hard core you could say that it is
immoral and wrong to keep a possible life saving anticonvulsant like
marijuana out of the hands of the sick, especially sick children.

Task 3 Research on the following topics: (Advance reading)

1. Definition of Law and its Elements.

Law is a system of rules created and enforced through social or

governmental institutions to regulate behavior, [2] with its precise
definition a matter of longstanding debate. [3][4][5] It has been variously
described as a science[6][7] and the art of justice. [8][9][10] State-enforced
laws can be made by a group legislature or by a single legislator,
resulting in statutes; by the executive through decrees and
regulations; or established by judges through precedent, usually in
common law jurisdictions. Private individuals may create legally
binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that adopt
alternative ways of resolving disputes to standard court litigation.
The creation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution,
written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes
politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as
a mediator of relations between people.

 The elements of a crime are criminal act, criminal intent,

concurrence, causation, harm, and attendant circumstances. Only
crimes that specify a bad result have the elements of causation
and harm.
 Criminal act is usually an unlawful bodily movement that is
defined in a statute, or a case in jurisdictions that allow
common-law crimes.
 The criminal act must be voluntary and cannot be based solely on
the status of the defendant or the defendant’s thoughts.
 An exception to the criminal act element is omission to act.
 Omission to act could be criminal if there is a statute,
contract, or special relationship that creates a legal duty to
act in the defendant’s situation.
 Actual possession means that the item is on or very near the
defendant’s person. Constructive possession means that the item
is within the defendant’s control, such as inside a house or
vehicle with the defendant.
 In most states, the defendant must be aware that he or she
possesses the item to be convicted of possession.

2. Characteristics of True Law.

8 most essential characteristics of Law

If we will analyze the above definitions very carefully we can reach

at a conclusion that law is a body of rules recognized and maintained
by the state to regulate the human behavior and conduct in a society.
A law will present the following characteristics.
1) It is a set of rules.

2) It regulates the human conduct

3) It is created and maintained by the state.

4) It has certain amount of stability, fixity and uniformity.

5) It is backed by coercive authority.

6) Its violation leads to punishment.

7) It is the expression of the will of the people and is generally

written down to give it definiteness.

8) It is related to the concept of ‘sovereignty’ which is the most

important element of state.

3. Classes of Law.

Classifications of Law:

Law may be classified in various different ways but the most important
classifications are as follows:

 Public Law and Private Law

 Criminal Law and Civil Law
 Substantive Law and Procedural Law
 Municipal Law and International Law
 Common Law and equity

Public Law and Private Law:

Public law:
Public law is the law that is concerned with the relationship of the
citizens and the state. This consists other different specialist areas
as follows:

Constitutional law:

Constitutional law is concerned with the Indian constitution. It

covers within its twenty five parts and twenty schedules the
composition and procedures of Parliament, the functioning of central
and local government, citizenship and the fundamental rights and
liabilities of the citizens of the country.[iii]

Administrative law:

Administrative law is the law that is brought to for better and

convenient administration of the government and the government bodies.
There has been a stark increase in the activities of government over
the past few years. Many schemes have been introduced by the
Government for helping to ensure a proper standard of living for
everyone. A huge number of disputes arise out of the administration of
different schemes and a body of law has been developed to deal with
the problems of such persons against the decision of  administrative
agency.

Private law:

Private law is the law that is predominantly concerned with the rights
and liabilities of individuals towards each other. The involvement of
the states in this area of law is restricted to providing a proper
method of resolving the dispute which has arisen. Therefore, the legal
process gets started by the citizen who is aggrieved and not by the
state. Private law is also known as‘civil law’ and often it is in
contrast with criminal laws.
Criminal law and civil law:

Legal law sere classified usually into two different types: criminal
and civil law. It is important to note here that the nature of this
classification is because there are major differences in the purpose,
procedures and terminology of every branch of law.

Criminal law:

Criminal law is the law that is connected with the act of forbidding
particular forms of wrongful conduct and imposing punishment on those
who engage in such acts. Criminal proceedings are usually brought in
the name of the State and are known as ‘prosecutions’. It should be
noted that prosecutions may be assessed by a private individual or
other bodies, such as the trading standards department of the local
authority but cannot undertake the case of the prosecution.

In criminal cases there is a prosecutor who prosecutes the defendant

for the offence committed. The consequences of being proved guilty are
so extreme that the standard of proof is higher in criminal cases as
compared to civil scenarios. The allegations of a criminal conduct
need to be proved beyond reasonable doubt. If the prosecution
successfully proves the guilt of the defendant, he might be punished
by the court respectively.           

Punishments that are available to be imposed on the convict are

imprisonment and fines. If the prosecution is unsuccessful in proving
the guilt of the accused defendant, he is acquitted.[iv]

Civil law:

The civil law deals with the private rights and duties which arise
between individuals in a country. The object of a civil action is to
correct the wrongdoing that has been committed. Enforcement of civil
law is the accountability of the individual who has committed the
wrong and the state is responsible to provide for the procedure to
resolve the dispute. In case of civil proceedings, the person who
claims sues the defendant in the civil court and asks for a remedy.
The claimant will be successful in his claim if he is able to prove
his case. If the claimant is not successful, the defendant will not be
made liable for his actions. 

Substantive and Procedural Law: 

The law which defines rights and liabilities is known as substantive

law. It is called so since it lays down a proper and precise substance
of subject matter which is enforceable in the courts. The purpose of a
law that is substantive is to define, create or confer a proper
substantive legal right or status or to impose the nature and extent
of any sort of legal duties or obligations.

Substantive law, with regard to a specific subject, defines the legal

rights and relationship of people between themselves or between them
and the State. Any wrongdoing of an individual, group of persons or
the state against another will hold him liable to the others
accordingly. For the purpose of any substantive law, the wrongs could
be either civil or criminal. Substantive law refers to all forms of
law both, public and private including the law of contracts, property,
torts and crimes of all kinds. 

The law of procedure is that branch of law that deals with the process
of litigation. It embodies the rules and procedures pertaining to the
institution and prosecution of any kind of civil or criminal
proceeding. Procedural law consists of a set of rules by which a court
hears cases and decides the proceedings. Historically, the law that
many know is substantive law, and procedural law has always been a
matter of concern only to those who preside over as judicial officers
or those advocating law. But, over a period of time, the courts
developed a system of evidence and procedure, that fall within the
purview of procedural law relating to the fairness and transparency of
such process.[v]

The Indian Evidence Act, the Limitation Act, the Code of Civil
Procedure, the Code of Criminal Procedure are instances of procedural
law.

Municipal Law and International Law: 

Municipal or Domestic law is that facet of law that springs from and
has an effect on the members of a particular state. An example of a
municipal law is the Constitution of India that applies only in India.

On the other hand, International law is the law that governs laws
between different countries. It regulates the relationship between
various independent countries and is usually governed by treaties,
international customs and so on. Examples of International law include
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the African Charter on
Human and People’s Rights etc.[vi]

Common law and equity:

Law may further be classified as per the nature as to whether they

form part of the common law or equity. The distinction between the
systems of common law and equity rises from far long in history and
could be understood properly by an examination of the origins of
English law. The common law is the law followed and gained by the
Crown of England. It could be traced back to 1066 when William of
Normandy obtained the crown of England by defeating King Harold in the
Battle of Hastings. Before the Normans arrived there was no such thing
known as English law. The Anglo-Saxon system of law was based on the
local community. Each and every area possessed its own system of
courts whereinthe local customs were applied as common law. The
Normans were great administrators and they undertook a process of
centralisation that created an accurate climate for the evolution of a
uniform system of law for the entire country which is equally
applicable as a rule of law.

Conclusion:

Therefore, law could be classified into different types and every form
of law emerged over a period of time to form a set of rules that we
use to govern the society on the whole. According to the various
functions governed by law, it is classified as different forms of law
to avoid chaos or confusion in administering such laws. Laws are
involved into every aspect of human life and it is imperative to
classify law so as to follow them for the benefit of the society.

4. Definition and Types of Conscience.

Terms in this set (7)

1. Correct conscience- tells us when something is a good choice or a

bad choice and that this decision is in agreement with what that thing
actually is according to the objective law.
2. Erroneous conscience- judges something incorrectly, when something
is bad you think it’s good and when its good you think it’s bad.
3. Certain conscience- convinced without any doubt that an action is
good or bad.
4. Doubtful conscience- when you cannot choose between good and bad
choices.
5. Lax conscience- when you see no sin where there actually is sin.
6. Scrupulous sin- a conscience that judges that there is sin where
there really is no sin, or that judges that something is a mortal sin
when it is only a venial sin.
7. Delicate conscience- judges correctly and with careful attention
concerning the acts that are about to be performed.

5. Formation of Conscience.

The fear of being influenced

                 The fear of being influenced is one of the most

characteristic fears of our age. It is healthy for a man to be on his
guard against undue influence or bad influence. But the fear of
influence of any type is clearly unhealthy. Today it has practically
reached the level of being a neurosis. It is unhealthy among other
reasons because in practice it is quite impossible for a man to avoid
being influenced. All he can do is to try to distinguish between
positive and helpful influences, and negative or harmful influences;
and to welcome the former and resist the latter.

When conscience protests

                 The grasp of right principles is the first condition of

the sound formation of conscience. But an equally important condition
is to live according to these principles. In other words, conscience
also tends to be formed by living according to conscience: and
conscience tends to be deformed by living contrary to conscience. To
hold certain principles in one's conscience, and then to act against
them, is of the essence of moral evil or sin. Every man who knows
himself has had the experience of sinning, of choosing something which
his conscience tells him to be wrong.
Supremacy of conscience

                 That great Englishman, Cardinal Newman, is frequently

invoked today, and rightly so, as one of the main modern exponents of
the 'supremacy of conscience'. His Letter to the Duke of Norfolk
(1874) contains the famous phrase, 'If I am obliged to bring religion
into after-dinner toasts (which indeed does not seem quite the thing),
I shall drink - to the Pope, if you please - still, to Conscience
first, and to the Pope afterwards'. [2]

Conscience: our security system

                 All sin turns us away from God and closes us in on

ourselves. The self-centredness of sin, therefore, is the enemy not
only of our eternal salvation, but also of our human development and
happiness here on earth. To be overcome by sin is to be wounded, to
suffer damage, in one's integrity and personality. We are in constant
danger from this enemy, but nature has equipped us with a basic
defense system, which is our conscience - our intimate sensitivity to
good and evil.

Conscience is personal and singular

                 Conscience is one's own sense of the rightness or

wrongness of things. Conscience, therefore, is personal. And it is
singular. I can say, my conscience tells me this is right or that is
wrong. I cannot really say what other people's consciences tell them,
and less still can I be guided by the consciences of others.

                 Moral responsibility cannot be collectivized. It remains

personal and singular. To try to take refuge behind the presumed
consciences of other people, pretending to oneself that in this way
one's own individual responsibility is diluted, is to fool oneself and
to introduce a fatal element of insincerity into one's own moral life.

Sincerity

                 Sincerity: this too is undoubtedly a key factor in the

formation of a sound conscience. But there is a strong tendency in all
of us to deceive ourselves, and we would be wise not to take the
sincerity of our conscience for granted. It can be achieved--but only
if we are ready to submit our hearts to that constant interrogating of
which Newman speaks.

The greater importance our age attaches to conscience will always

be beneficial provided we attach equal importance to examination of
conscience. The traditional Christian practice of Examination of
Conscience never mattered more than today. It is only logical to
expect that it will be a more and more frequent theme of sermons,
articles, discussion groups, etc.

         To place oneself in the presence of an all-seeing God is the

best safeguard against insincerity, against even the most veiled
temptation to self-deception in the depths of one's heart or
conscience. God, who knows our innermost thoughts and motives and who
loves us, will not let us deceive ourselves = provided always that we
seek him and listen to him. He will ensure that the light of our
conscience is light indeed, and not darkness which we have mistaken
for the light.

Module 1

Lesson 2: THE ETHICAL DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN EXISTENCE

Guide questions:
1. What are your thoughts about hazing?

Individuals cannot consent to being hazed Hazing motivates no

one. it can be illegal when the abuse is excessive. It hinders
academic achievement, destroys self-esteem and causes emotional strain
and physical harm. Hazing builds animosity between people and does
nothing to foster trust, unity or respect.

2. What makes the death of Chris a tragedy?

Chris' death is a tragedy because a few years ago people were

still talking about his death. Because it is a big issue for people
who know him well and it is also a sad event that was left in his
family because he is also known by many people especially his family
and relatives.

3. Do you think it is imperative to undergo hazing just be accepted in

a fraternity?

Yes, to be fair in the eyes of members and it is necessary,

before you undergo hazing you first find out their policies whether
you agree or not or whether your body and emotions are capable or not
to physical and damage and emotions which also can cause your death.

Article Analysis: Guide questions:

1. Based on the article presented, do you think it is acceptable that

those responsible for Chris’ death got away with murder?

I think it is not acceptable for them to escape the murder of

Chris, they are obligated to answer for the crime they committed
because of the abuse of the ability of fellow human beings. It is the
duty of the law to punish the offenders to bring justice to Chris'
death so that his family can also be at peace.
2. From your point of view, is there any good to fraternities?
A fraternity or sorority is a brotherhood or sisterhood formed
around common goals and aspirations. These men and women make a
commitment to each other for life. The members that form a fraternity
or sorority share their efforts, friendship, and knowledge.
So I think before you join the group you have to follow the law
because it has secret rites which are and test that you follow so for
me if you can fulfill the agreements you can join if you know it will
be better to you and otherwise you can better avoid. Because it has
its advantages and disadvantages.
D. APPLICATION
Task 1 Answer the questions below in your own words.
1. Can you do the right thing daily? Answer: Yes
-How do I want to be in this way in the world?
Be honest with yourself and learn to avoid the things I have to do
with myself or those around me.

- Why do I want to be this way in the world?

To make life happy and peaceful whether life is poor or rich.
-What strategies must I use to remain true to my values and principles
when I’m challenged or tested?
Be a good example as a person or as a sibling and as a member
of the people. And most of all you have a fear of God and if there are
challenges coming in my life be calm and always think that this is
just a test that you can overcome as long as you trust in the Lord and
ourselves.
2. How do we know that anything really has a value?
We will know that things have value if we can appreciate the
role of their life. Your partner never takes you for granted. They
notice when you do things for them, and they respond with gratitude.
Every so often, they express their appreciation for you through gifts,
a surprise event, words of affirmation, or affection. No matter how
old the relationship is, you always feel appreciated.
You don’t have to justify their actions. There should be no
excuses for your partner to mistreat and disrespect you.

If you are in a relationship with someone who values you, then

great. You’ve got yourself a keeper. While it is important to be aware
if your partner truly values you, you should also check in to see if
you’re reciprocating. For a healthy and stable long-term relationship,
both people should make the effort to prioritize each other. This list
can also be applied to any kind of relationship, not just romantic.

Task 2 Answer the questions below in your own words.

Guide questions:

1. Do you think it is right to deny media giant, ABS-CBN, a franchise,

amidst the fact that there are number of workers will lose jobs in the
middle of COVID-19 pandemic?

If I will be impartial between the media of ABS-CBN and the

government, for this situation, it is better to agree with the
government's decision against the mentioned media procurement
franchise because the said media shows partiality during their
broadcasting regarding to the problems and issues in socioeconomic and
above all to the present government administration wherein they state
and announce during their broadcasting almost negative facts of the
government zone. However, considering the countless loss of works or
unemployment of many certain entertainment workers, it is a real
problem to the people and the country’s economics that must consider
also by the government but there are so many ways that those
unemployed workers can find career not just from the media.

2. Analyze the various factors behind the decision of the overwhelming

opposition against the franchise renewal.
Write your answer here:
I think it is wrong for them to reject the renewal of ABS-CBN
because many workers lost their jobs despite the pandemic. Apart from
this, the associations of the artists present on ABS-CBN can be
relieved and they are loved in their work where any kind of work
cannot replace the associations of the artists as well as the viewers
who beloved in their acting may be gone and ABS-CBN's program that
help those in need may be different and the name ABS-CBN will
disappear.
They renewed so it means they can pay for the violence they
made done, but are not accepted, it is sad to think of what happened
on ABS-CBN because the Filipinos loved their Movies and other arts
that were on ABS-CBN.

Task 3 Read the text and give your reaction by answering the guide
questions after the text.

1. What do you think about Sinas’ apology?

Sinas said he was fully aware of quarantine rules and had ordered
his subordinates to follow them.

I do not agree with Sinas' apology. Because he is in government,

everyone knows that the law is strict because if other people are in
his situation they can be criticized because everyone is aware of the
protocol and you have to be a good example to the public.

2. Is Sinas’ justification towards his alleged violation wrong?

 His allegation may be correct, but since he is in government he
should be a good example in health protocol but he violated it and he
had to be seated so that the law would be fair to the public.

3. What do you think Sinas’ would do?

He has finished explaining so all he can do is just accept any

case filed against him against health protocol to end the issue.

PORTFOLIO
IN
ETHICS
Prelim
Students Name: Anthonatte Gala Castillo
Instructor: Raymundo Itable, Med
BTLED 2
1st Semester