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    Static Friction

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    hussein
    Friction is a force that resists the relative motion of objects in contact. There are two types of friction: dry friction and fluid friction. Dry friction applies to non-lubricated surfaces and depends on whether an object is stationary or sliding. There are three regions related to dry friction: static friction, sliding friction, and kinetic friction. Static friction acts when an object is at rest, kinetic friction acts when an object is in motion, and the maximum static friction is greater than kinetic friction. The coefficient of friction determines the ratio between frictional and normal contact forces.

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    Static Friction

    Uploaded by

    hussein
    200 views9 pages
    Friction is a force that resists the relative motion of objects in contact. There are two types of friction: dry friction and fluid friction. Dry friction applies to non-lubricated surfaces and depends on whether an object is stationary or sliding. There are three regions related to dry friction: static friction, sliding friction, and kinetic friction. Static friction acts when an object is at rest, kinetic friction acts when an object is in motion, and the maximum static friction is greater than kinetic friction. The coefficient of friction determines the ratio between frictional and normal contact forces.

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    Static-Friction

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    Friction is a force that resists the relative motion of objects in contact. There are two types of friction: dry friction and fluid friction. Dry friction applies to non-lubricated surfaces and depends on whether an object is stationary or sliding. There are three regions related to dry friction: static friction, sliding friction, and kinetic friction. Static friction acts when an object is at rest, kinetic friction acts when an object is in motion, and the maximum static friction is greater than kinetic friction. The coefficient of friction determines the ratio between frictional and normal contact forces.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    200 views9 pages

    Static Friction

    Uploaded by

    hussein
    Friction is a force that resists the relative motion of objects in contact. There are two types of friction: dry friction and fluid friction. Dry friction applies to non-lubricated surfaces and depends on whether an object is stationary or sliding. There are three regions related to dry friction: static friction, sliding friction, and kinetic friction. Static friction acts when an object is at rest, kinetic friction acts when an object is in motion, and the maximum static friction is greater than kinetic friction. The coefficient of friction determines the ratio between frictional and normal contact forces.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    Friction

    Introduction

    Friction is a force that resists the movement of two contacting surfaces


    that slide relative to one another. This force always acts tangent to the
    surface at the points of contact and is directed so as to oppose the
    possible or existing motion between the surfaces.

    There are two types of friction: dry friction and fluid friction. Fluid friction applies to lubricated
    mechanisms.
    The present discussion is limited to dry friction between non-lubricated surfaces.

    Dry friction:
    From experiment, its found that the frictional force:
    • is proportional to the normal force
    • is independent of the area of contact
    • depends on whether the object is stationary or sliding

    Three regions of Static – Motion Friction:

    mg: weight of the block


    N: Reaction of the weight
    P: Small horizontal force applied to block.
    F: is a static-friction force
    While applying the horizontal force P, the block to remains stationary, in equilibrium, which is
    the stage of static friction:

    F ≤ Fmax. → F ≤ μs N Where: μs coefficient of static friction

    But when P increases, the static-friction force F increases until it reaches a maximum value
    Fmax.

    F = Fmax. → F = μs N
    Further increase in P causes the block to begin to move. Once the body starts to slip, then its
    in the stage of has kinetic (dynamic or slipping) friction:

    F = μk N Where μk : coefficient of kinetic friction

    k < s
    In general the coefficient of kinetic friction is smaller
    than the coefficient of static friction, which explains
    the initial difficulty of getting an object to slide.
    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 1
    The Resultant of the friction and normal forces;

    At the point of impending motion:

    tan  = F/N =  N/N = 


    s s s
    S is the angle of static friction
    Gravity forces in inclined surfaces :
    Consider block of weight W resting on board with variable inclination angle (  )

    When the friction force reaches the max value, the friction force reaches the max value then:

    Some appropriate coefficient of friction:

    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 2


    Example:

    Solution:

    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 3


    Example:
    Determine the range of values which the mass mo may
    have so that the 100 kg block shown in the figure will
    neither start moving up the plane nor slip down the plane.
    The coefficient of static friction for the contact surface is
    0.30.

    Solution:

    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 4


    Examples & Solutions
    Example:

    Solution:

    Example:

    Solution:

    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 5


    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 6
    Example:

    Solution:

    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 7


    Example:

    Solution:

    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 8


    Example:
    Determine the horizontal force P required to start moving the 250-lb block up the inclined
    surface. The coefficient of friction between the inclined surface and the block is s = 0.30.

    Solution:

    For impending motion:

    Ff = Fn = 0.30Fn

    Free body diagram for the block:

    Fy = Fn cos 30 - Ff sin 30 -W


    = Fn cos 30 - 0.30Fn sin 30 - 250 = 0
    Fn = 349.15 lb
    Fx = P - Fn sin 30 - Ff cos 30
    = P - 349.15 sin 30 - 0.30 (349.15) cos 30 = 0
    P = 265.29 lb
    M. Sc. Khalid Ahmed / Engineering College - University of Diyala 9

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