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Topic: Composite functions, domain

Question: What is the domain of f ∘ g?

f (x) = x 2 − 5

g(x) = x+4

Answer choices:

A x ≤−4

B x >−4

C x ≥−4

D x<−4

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Solution: C

First, find the domain of g(x). The expression x + 4 is undefined if the


radicand is negative. For example, if x = − 5, then x + 4 is −1. Likewise, if x is
any number less than −4, x + 4 will be negative. However, −4 itself is okay,
because x + 4 will then be 0, which is not undefined.

The domain of g(x) then is all reals x such that x ≥ − 4.

The composite function is

f ∘ g = f (g(x)) = ( x + 4 ) − 5
2

f ∘ g = f (g(x)) = x + 4 − 5

f ∘ g = f (g(x)) = x − 1

For this simple binomial, no real numbers are excluded, so its domain is all
reals. But because the domain of g(x) excludes x < − 4 , those values also
have to be excluded from the composite f (g(x)).

That means the domain of f (g(x)) is x ≥ − 4.

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Topic: Composite functions, domain

Question: What is the domain of f ∘ g?

1
f (x) =
x+3
x
g(x) =
x−2

Answer choices:

A x ≠ 2, − 3

3
B x≠ ,2
2

C x ≠ − 2, 3

3
D x≠− ,2
2

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Solution: B

First, find the domain of g(x). The expression x /(x − 2) is undefined if the
denominator is 0. That means x = 2 isn’t in the domain of g(x). Therefore,
the domain of g(x) is all reals x such that x ≠ 2.

The composite function is

1
f ∘ g = f (g(x)) = x
x−2
+3

1
f ∘ g = f (g(x)) = (x − 2)
x
x−2
+ 3 (x − 2)

1
f ∘ g = f (g(x)) = x + 3x − 6
x−2

1
f ∘ g = f (g(x)) = 4x − 6
x−2

x−2
f ∘ g = f (g(x)) =
4x − 6

x−2
f ∘ g = f (g(x)) =
2(2x − 3)

For this rational function, any numbers that make the denominator 0 are
excluded from the domain.

2(2x − 3) = 0

2x − 3 = 0

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2x = 3

3
x=
2

Putting both exclusions together, the domain of the composite is all real
numbers except

3
x≠ ,2
2

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