Chapter 2 Fluid Mechanics Question bank

1. What is centre of pressure? Why its position is always different from the position of center of gravity
in case of submerged surfaces

2.A right angled triangular plate is held in water in the vertical plane. Find out the total pressure acting
on the plate and the position of its centre of pressure from both axis X and Y.

3. A differential manometer is connected to two pipes whose centres are at 3 m difference in height.
Higher level pipe is carrying liquid of specific gravity of 0.9 at a pressure of 1.8 bar and another pipe is
carrying liquid at specific gravity of 1.5 at a pressure of 1 bar. The centre of pipe carrying low pressure
liquid is 2 m above the higher level of the mercury in the manometer. Find out the difference in mercury
level in the manometer in cm.

4. What is stream line? Write the differential equation for it in Cartesian coordinate system.

5. A Circular plate 4 m in diameter is placed in such a way that it top vertex is at 2 m below free water
surface and bottom vertex is 5 m below the free water surface. Find out the total pressure acting on the
plate.

6. What is stream function? Write an equation for streamline in terms of stream function.

7. A triangular plate with base 2 m and height of 4 m is immersed in water and the plane of the plate
makes an angle 300 with the free surface of water. The base is parallel to water surface and 2 m below
the free water surface. Find out the total pressure acting on the plate and the centre of pressure from
free surface of water.

8. Show that equipotential lines and stream lines are orthogonal to each other except at Stagnation
point.

9. In an incompressible flow field, the velocity vector is given by V = (6xt+yz2) i + (3t+xy2) j + (xy-2xyz –
6tz) k.Verify whether the flow exists or not? If so, then find the acceleration vector at a point P (1,2,3) at
t = 2.

10.Differentiate between stream function and velocity potential.

11. a) Define stream function and velocity potential. What are their uses b) Determine whether the
following velocity components satisfy the continuity equation. i) u = cx, v = -cy ii) u = -cx/y , v = c log xy

12. What is a flow net? What are its uses.

13. . a) What is a centre of pressure? Derive the equation for the centre of pressure for a submerged
plane surface in a fluid. b) A circular plate of diameter 0.75m is immersed in a liquid of relative density
0.80 with its plane making an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal. The centre of the plate is at a
depth of 1.50 m below the free surface. Calculate the total force on one side of the plate and the
location of centre of pressure

14. Explain the concept of stream tube in fluid mechanics.

16. What is centre of pressure? Where does it lie in relation to centre of gravity?

17. What are different types of flows? Explain in detail b) Derive the equation of continuity in three-
dimension form.

18. Differentiate between stream function and velocity potential.

19. a) What are different types of flows? Explain in detail. (8M) b) A circular plate 4 m in diameter is
placed in such a way that it top vertex is at 2 m below free water surface and bottom vertex is 5 m
below the free water surface. Find out the total pressure acting on the plate.

20. b) Define and distinguish between (i) Steady and unsteady flow (ii) Rotational and irrotational flow

21. An annular plate 3 m external diameter and 1.5 m internal diameter is immersed in water with its
greatest and lowest depths below water surface as 4 m and 1.2 m respectively. Determine the total
pressure and the position of the center of pressure on one face of the plate.

22. Derive the expression for 3-Dimensional continuity equation.

23. Define and distinguish between stream line, path line and streak line.

24. a) A square disc of side 1 m is immersed vertically in water so that an edge of the square makes an
angle of 350 with the horizontal. If the highest corner of the disc is at a depth of 1.5 m below the free
surface, find the total pressure on one face of the disc and the depth of centre of pressure.

b) Classify and briefly explain different types of flow

25.What is meant by 1D, 2D and 3D flows? Explain

26. a) Derive the expression for total pressure on inclined plane surface. b) A stream function in a two-
dimensional flow is equal to 2xy. Show that the flow is irrotational and determine the corresponding
velocity potential

27. Describe the use and limitation of flow nets.

28. a) If the expression for the stream function is given by x3 – 3xy2, indicate whether the flow is
rotational or irrotational. If the flow is irrotational determine the value of the velocity potential. b) A
circular plate 3 m diameter is immersed in water with its greatest and lowest depths below water
surface as 3 m and 1 m respectively. Determine the total pressure and the position of the center of
pressure on one face of the plate.

29. Differentiate between uniform and non-uniform flow.

30. a) explain the terms total pressure and center of pressure b) what are the methods of describing
fluid flow (b) Differentiate between steady and unsteady flow
31. a) Show that the centre of pressure of any lamina immersed under liquid is always below its
centroid b) Define the equation of continuity. Obtain an expression for continuity equation for a 3
dimensional flow

34. a) What is a centre of pressure? Derive the equation for the centre of pressure for a

submerged plane surface in a fluid.

b) A triangular plate with base 2 m and height of 4 m is immersed in water and the plane of the plate
makes an angle 300 with the free surface of water. The base is

parallel to water surface and 2 m below the free water surface. Find out the total

pressure acting on the plate and the centre of pressure from free surface of water

35. Check whether the following velocity relations satisfy the requirements for steady irrotational flow.
(i) u = x + y, v = x – y (ii) u = xt2 + 2y , v = x2 – yt2 (iii) u = xt2, v = xyt + y2

36. A triangular plate of base width 1.5 m and height 2 m lies immersed in water with the apex
downwards. The base of the plate is 1 m below and parallel to the free water surface. Calculate the total
pressure on the plate and the depth of the centre of pressure.

37. What is the difference between laminar flow and turbulent flow? State the condition for Irrotational
flow

38. a) Explain the terms: (i) Path line (ii) Streak line (iii) Stream line (iv)
Stream tube.

b) A pipe, through which water is flowing, is having diameters 40 cm and 20 cm at the cross-sections 1
and 2 respectively. The velocity of water at section 1 is 5 m/s. Find the velocity head at the sections 1
and 2 and also rate of discharge

40. Distinguish between: (i) Steady flow and un-steady flow, (ii) Uniform and nonuniform flow, (iii)
Compressible and incompressible flow, (iv) Rotational and irrigational flow (v) Laminar and turbulent
flow.

41. a) Define stream function and velocity potential. What are their uses? b) Determine whether the
following velocity components satisfy the continuity equation. i) u = cx, v = -cy ii) u = -cx/y, v = c log
xy

42. a) The flow field is given by ψ = x3y Check whether the given field exists or not? Further check
whether it is irrotational?

b) Given that u = x2– y2and v = – 2xy, determine the stream function and potential function for the flow

43 Derive the equation of continuity for one dimensional flow of an incompressible fluid.