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    440 - Example OHL Setting - 1-33

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    varof
    This document provides an example application for protection of a 380 kV overhead transmission line (OHL). It discusses settings for fault detection criteria using zero sequence voltage and current measurements. It also examines loop selection for detecting 2-phase to earth faults, noting the leading phase-earth loop will tend to overreach so the default setting to block this loop is recommended. It is intended to maintain reliable protection while avoiding misoperation during external faults.

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    440 - Example OHL Setting - 1-33

    Uploaded by

    varof
    20 views1 page
    This document provides an example application for protection of a 380 kV overhead transmission line (OHL). It discusses settings for fault detection criteria using zero sequence voltage and current measurements. It also examines loop selection for detecting 2-phase to earth faults, noting the leading phase-earth loop will tend to overreach so the default setting to block this loop is recommended. It is intended to maintain reliable protection while avoiding misoperation during external faults.

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    440- Example OHL Setting _1-33

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    This document provides an example application for protection of a 380 kV overhead transmission line (OHL). It discusses settings for fault detection criteria using zero sequence voltage and current measurements. It also examines loop selection for detecting 2-phase to earth faults, noting the leading phase-earth loop will tend to overreach so the default setting to block this loop is recommended. It is intended to maintain reliable protection while avoiding misoperation during external faults.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views1 page

    440 - Example OHL Setting - 1-33

    Uploaded by

    varof
    This document provides an example application for protection of a 380 kV overhead transmission line (OHL). It discusses settings for fault detection criteria using zero sequence voltage and current measurements. It also examines loop selection for detecting 2-phase to earth faults, noting the leading phase-earth loop will tend to overreach so the default setting to block this loop is recommended. It is intended to maintain reliable protection while avoiding misoperation during external faults.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    Protection Application Example

    380 kV OHL

    fault detection. As mentioned above, these two criteria supplement each


    other so that small zero sequence current is often associated with large zero
    sequence voltage at weak infeeds and the other way around at strong
    infeeds. The AND setting is only for exceptional conditions when for example
    the zero sequence voltage or current on their own are not a secure indicator
    for earth faults.
    In this example the default setting, OR, is maintained for the reasons stated
    above.
    1221 Loop selection with 2ph-E faults: If some fault resistance (arc voltage) is
    present, then the measured fault loop impedances are affected by this
    additional voltage drop in the short circuit loop. In the case of 2ph-E faults
    this is most severe as the current in the fault resistance stems from 3
    different short circuit loops. Theoretical analysis and simulations show the
    following distribution of the measured loop impedances for a 2ph-E fault:

    lagging Ph-E loop


    X
    Ph-Ph loop
    nce

    leading Ph-E loop


    da
    mpe

    Fault
    line i

    lagging Ph-E loop


    resistance
    Ph-Ph loop
    leading Ph-E loop

    Figure 20: Impedance distribution for Ph-Ph-E fault with fault resistance
    The influence of load (remote infeed and load angle) can increase or
    decrease the rotation of the measured fault resistances. The leading phase to
    earth loop will however always tend to produce an overreach. For this reason
    the default setting of block leading ph-E loop will be used in this example.
    If the application is on a double circuit line where simultaneous earth faults on
    both lines can occur, the setting only phase-earth loops or all loops should be
    used to avoid blocking of the internal fault loop by this setting. Of course
    additional grading margin must be applied for Zone 1 in this case to avoid an
    overreach during an external 2ph-E fault.

    7SA522/7SA6 Application Example Page 32 of 82


    Version 1.0

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