PECO V SORIANO
PECO V SORIANO
PECO V SORIANO
,
v. MAURICIO SORIANO, et al.
G.R. No. L-22405
June 30, 1971
FACTS:
The case involved money orders which are non-negotiable. Enrique Montinola sought to
purchase from the Manila Post Office ten (10) money orders of P200.00 each payable
to E.P. Montinola withaddress at Lucena, Quezon. After the postal teller had made out
money orders, Montinola offered to pay for them with a private checks and teller
advised him to see the Chief of the Money Order Division. Instead of doing so,
Montinola managed to leave building with his own check and the ten(10) money orders
without the knowledge of the teller.
Upon discovery of the disappearance of the unpaid money orders, an urgent message
was sent to all postmasters and all banks, instructing them not to pay anyone of the
money orders if presented for payment. One of the money orders numbered 124688
was received by Philippine Education Co, Inc. as part of its sales receipts. The
following day it deposited the same with the Bank of America, and cleared it with the
Bureau of Posts and received a face value of P200.00.
Mauricio A. Soriano, Chief of the Money Order Division of the Manila Post Office,
notified the Bank of America that the money order had been found to have been
irregularly issued and the amount it represented had been deducted from the bank's
clearing account.
ISSUE:
Are the postal money orders considered as negotiable instruments?
RULING:
NO. Postal money orders are not negotiable instruments, the reason behind this rule
being that, in establishing and operating a postal money order system, the government
is not engaging in commercial transactions but merely exercises a governmental power
for the public benefit.
Some of the restrictions imposed upon money orders by postal laws and regulations are
inconsistent with the character of negotiable instruments. For instance, such laws and
regulations usually provide for not more than one endorsement; payment of money
orders may be withheld under a variety of circumstances
On the case at bar, particular application to the postal money order in question are the
conditions laid down in the letter of the Director of Posts to the Bank of America for the
redemption of postal money orders received by it from its depositors. The conditions
imposed in order to enable the bank to continue enjoying the facilities theretofore
enjoyed by its depositors, were accepted by the Bank of America. The Bank of America
is therefore bound by them.