International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Study of Traffic Congestion in Lucknow

Wetetsou Losou1, Dr Ravi Prakash Verma2, Mr Kekhriesituo Sachu3
1Student, Department of CSE, Bansal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India
2Professor HOD IT, Bansal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India
3Student, Department of CSE, Bansal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract - Traffic congestion is one of the major problems typically done by traffic officers. Other application areas
that are faced in many of the Indian cities along with other include: surveillance, management of freeway and arterial
countries. Traffic congestion has a negative impact on networks, intersection traffic light control, congestion and
economy, the environment as well as the overall quality of life. incident management.
Traffic jamming, road accidents, increase in pollution levels 1.1 Area of Study
are some of the common traits that can be observed in.
Therefore, it is high time to effectively manage the traffic
Lucknow city was taken as an area for the study. It was
congestion problem. This paper describes the identification of
divided into six zones
problem or issues that cause traffic congestion, identifying at
1. Zone 1: Mubarakpur
what time of the day traffic congest the most, which zones has
2. Zone 2: Jankipuram
the highest traffic and basing on the findings, necessary
3. Zone 3: Indira Nagar
suggestions and recommendation are provided so as to bring
4. Zone 4: Gomti Nagar
about improvement in traffic congestion in Lucknow.
5. Zone 5: Alambagh
6. Zone 6: Dubagga
Key Words: Traffic congestion, Urban transportation
system, congestion, traffic, vehicles, public transport,
infrastructures.

1. INTRODUCTION

Traffic congestion is when vehicles travel slower, trip takes

longer time, and increased queuing of the vehicles. They are
also known as traffic jam. With affordability and higher
acquiring power, it has become easy for a common person to
own a vehicle. The number of cars that has sold last year in
India was much higher than cars sold 20 years back. Though
this has led to a comfortable lifestyle, many commuters are
affected by traffic congestion every day which has led to lose Fig -1: Area of study (six zones)
of valuable time and time is money. When the number of
vehicles exceeds the capacity of the road, traffic congestion 1.2 Objective of the Study
occurs. In most of the Indian cities traffic congestion is a
major problem. Individual incidents such as accidents on the The main objective of the study includes
road or road being close or bad road layouts or sudden 1. To identify during what time of the day traffic
braking of a car in a smooth flow of heavy traffic may cause congest the most
traffic jams. 2. Which zone has the highest traffic
Therefore, there is a need to manage traffic in a smart way. 3. To identify what is the causes
Managing of traffic congestion can be a combination of 4. To suggest measure for the improvement of traffic
physical infrastructure, new smart technologies and new congestion in Lucknow.
ways of thinking. Smart traffic control systems, smart
parking and smart transportation have gained a lot of 2. METHODOLOGY
interest. These smart traffic control systems use advanced
technologies such as Smart traffic lights or Intelligent traffic The methodology used to study the traffic congestion in
lights with cameras and wireless sensor network, big data, Lucknow is observation through google map traffic. The tools
Automatic Fare Collection System/cashless payment, Smart which were used to collect data is Internet and Excel. Data
Parking System/ Parking Mobile App, image processing, were collected from the month of ‘December 2019’, ‘January
2020’ and ‘February 2020’ i.e., 80 days for 16 hours through
computer vision, intelligent controls and artificial
the observation of google maps traffic.
intelligence to make traffic routing decisions and a task is

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

2.1 Levels of traffic congestion

The levels of traffic congestion were taken as Low, Moderate

and High. The green lines are taken as Low (L), orange lines
are taken as Moderate (M) and the red lines are taken as
High (H).

Chart -1: The overall data collection shown in a graph

form

Table -2 Shows the overall data collection of traffic

Fig- 2: Shows when traffic is Low, Moderate and High congestion in Lucknow for separate Zone

3. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Keeping in view the objectives of the study and the nature of

the data, the data collected were counted and display the
results in form of tables and charts.
Analysis and interpretation of data are presented in a tabular
form as follows:
Table -1 Shows the overall data collection of traffic
congestion in Lucknow.
Table -2 Shows the overall data collection of traffic
congestion in Lucknow for separate Zone.
Table -3 Shows each zone with hourly distribution of traffic
and with highest percentage
.
Table -1 Shows the overall data collection of traffic Table -3 Shows each zone with hourly distribution of
congestion in Lucknow. traffic and with highest percentage

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Chart -3: Shows which Zone has the highest traffic

4.3 FINDINGS RELATED TO THE CAUSES OR REASONS

FOR TRAFFIC CONGESTION IN LUCKNOW
Chart -2: Hourly distribution of traffic with highest The reasons for Traffic congestion are mention below:
percentage shown in graph form.
1. No traffic light and signals or no proper functioning
of traffic light and signal. Even though there’s a proper
4. FINDINGS OF THE STUDY working of traffic light and signal nobody’s follows them this
The major finding of the study is presented as follows; is the main causes of traffic congestion and Improper traffic
4.1 FINDINGS RELATED TO AT WHAT TIME OF THE DAY management by the traffic police.
TRAFFIC CONGEST THE MOST 2. Some driving habits cause more congestion than
The study revealed that traffic congested the most at 11:00 others like some drivers illegally enter their vehicles at
AM in the morning and 6:00 PM in the evening. intersection and driving on wrong side of the road. Vehicles
crawl along looking for passengers, and even stop on the road
Table -4 AM and PM Peak Hour to drop or pick up the passenger which also give rise to
congestion.
3. Lack of parking place at the intersection. No proper
bus/taxi stops are constructed in the area and there’s lots of
on street parking of public transport which are using up the
lanes and that causes traffic congestion
4. Illegal and unauthorized shop on pathways and even
on the roads.
5. Footpath are not properly built or lack of proper
4.2 FINDINGS RELATED TO WHICH ZONE HAS THE facilities for people in footpath. Some zones don’t have a
HIGHEST TRAFFIC separate footpath which led people to walk on the road and
The study revealed that Zone 5 (Alambagh) has the make more congestion.
highest traffic with 87.50% followed by Zone 2 (Jankipuram) 6. Fail to mark traffic lanes and zebra crossing. Some
with 81.25%, Zone 6 (Dubagga) with 56.26%, Zone 4 (Gomti marking of traffic lanes and zebra crossing has faded away in
Nagar) with 43.75%, Zone 1 (Mubarakpur) with 25% and some zones.
Zone 3 (Indira Nagar) with 18.75%.

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

4.3.1 Images of traffic congestion in six zones

Fig- 6: Zone 4 Saheed Path Chowk (Gomti Nagar)

Fig -3: Zone 1 Bhitauli Crossing (Mubarakpur) Fig- 7: Zone 5 Avadh Chauraha (Alambagh)
Fig- 4: Zone 2 Tedhi Puliya Chauraha (Jankipuram)

Fig- 8: Zone 6 Dugga Bagh Chauraha (Dubagga)

Fig- 5: Zone 3 Munshipulia Chauraha (Indira Nagar)

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4.4 SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF TRAFFIC Research in Humanities and Social Science, vol. 05, no.
CONGESTION IN LUCKNOW 09, 2017, pp. 42–46.
The following steps can be taken to reduce the traffic
congestions, 4. Agyapong, Frances; Ojo, Thomas Kolawole (2018):
“Managing traffic congestion in the Accra Central
1. Illegal parking on the side of the road should be strictly Market, Ghana”, Journal of Urban Management, ISSN
prohibited. 2226-5856, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Vol. 7, Iss. 2, pp. 85-96,
2. Shops at pathways and on the road should be removed.
5. Ashish Kumer Saha, Bulbul Ahmed, Motiur Rahman,
3. Proper pathways should be created. Tahmina Tasnim Nahar “Analysis of Traffic Congestion
4. Increase more buses and Remedial Measures at Traffic Mor in Pabna City,
Bangladesh, International Journal of Recent
5. Marking of traffic road lines and zebra crossing lines Development in Engineering and Technology Website:
should be clearly visible and should be preferably light
www.ijrdet.com (ISSN 2347 – 6435(Online), Volume 1,
reflective, so that they will be visible during night also or
Issue 2, November 2013)
install “smart” pedestrian crosswalk which light up when
people cross the road at night or in foggy and rainy
conditions. 6. Ankush Kumar, Dr. R.R Singh “Traffic Congestion and
Possible Solutions in Urban Transportation System” M. E
6. Traffic lights and signals should be installed and the Scholar, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, PEC
broken traffic lights should be repair properly. University of Technology, Chandigarh, (India).
7. Strictly follow traffic rules.
7. Alberto Bull, “Traffic congestion: the problem and how
to deal with it” Santiago, Chile, 2003 Sales No.
5. CONCLUSION E.03.II.G.88, ISSN printed version: 0252-2195, ISSN
online version: 1727-0413, ISBN: 92-1-121432-7
Basing on the findings of the study we can conclude that, in
order to solve traffic congestion in Lucknow, the first and
foremost thing to do is to strictly follow traffic rules, prohibit
illegal parking, shops on pathways and roads to be removed,
create proper pathways, increase public transport and also
traffic road lines and zebra crossing lines to be mark
properly.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our special appreciation and

sincere gratitude to Ankur Srivastava, Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Bansal
Institute of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow (India) for
your constant help and continuous support and motivation.

REFERENCES

1. Wenjie Zhang, “Managing traffic congestion- case study

of Hangzhou” Master Thesis, Blekinge Institute of
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2. François Mahama, “Study of Vehicular Traffic Congestion

in the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Thesis Department
of Mathematics, KWAME NKRUMAH University of
Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana (MSC.
INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS, PG 4067510) April, 2012.

3. Sougata Maji, “Traffic Congestion And Possible Solutions

A Case Study Of Asansol.” Quest Journals Journal of

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