SURALLAH NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET 1-QUARTER 2

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

Activity Title POWER OF THE MIND

Learning  Discuss that understanding the different parts of the brain, processes and
Objectives functions may help in improving thoughts, behavior and feelings.
 Explore ways on how to improve brain functions for personal development
 Develop a personal plan to enhance brain functions
References https://www.brainline.org/tbi-basics/interactive-brain
https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/psychology/AQA-8182-SW-SFB.PDF
https://blog.chocchildrens.org/brain-quiz/

Time Frame February 8-22, 2021 (Week 5-6)

CONCEPT DIGEST
Lesson 1

OUR BRAIN CONTROLS OUR THOUGHTS, FEELINGS AND BEHAVIOR

Structures and function of the “old brain” and its influence on behavior

The brain stem is the oldest and innermost region of the brain. It’s designed to control the most basic
functions of life, including breathing, attention, and motor responses.

The brain stem begins where the spinal cord enters the skull and forms the medulla, the area of the
brain stem that controls heart rate and breathing.

The spherical shape above the medulla is the pons, a structure in the brain stem that helps control the
movements of the body, playing a particularly important role in balance and walking.

Running through the medulla and the pons is a long, narrow network of neurons known as the
reticular formation.

The job of the reticular formation is to filter out some of the stimuli that are coming into the brain from
the spinal cord and to relay the remainder of the signals to other areas of the brain. The reticular
formation also plays important roles in walking, eating, sexual activity, and sleeping.

Above the brain stem are other parts of the old brain that also are involved in the processing of
behavior and emotions (The Limbic System).

The thalamus is the egg-shaped structure above the brain stem that applies still more filtering to the
sensory information that is coming up from the spinal cord and through the reticular formation, and it
relays some of these remaining signals to the higher brain levels (Guillery & Sherman, 2002). The
thalamus also receives some of the higher brain’s replies, forwarding them to the medulla and the
cerebellum. The thalamus is also important in sleep because it shuts off incoming signals from the senses,
allowing us to rest.

The cerebellum (literally, “little brain”) movement. People who have damage to the
consists of two wrinkled ovals behind the brain cerebellum have difficulty walking, keeping their
stem. It functions to coordinate voluntary balance, and holding their hands steady.
 hunger, thirst, and sex, and responds to the
Consuming alcohol influences the cerebellum, satisfaction of these needs by creating feelings of
which is why people who are drunk have more pleasure
difficulty walking in a straight line. Also, the
cerebellum contributes to emotional responses, The hippocampus consists of two “horns” that
helps us discriminate between different sounds curve back from the amygdala. The hippocampus
and textures, and is important in learning (Bower is important in storing information in long-term
& Parsons, 2003). memory.

The amygdala consists of two “almond-shaped” If the hippocampus is damaged, a person cannot
clusters (amygdala comes from the Latin word build new memories, living instead in a strange
for “almond”) and is primarily responsible for world where everything he or she experiences
regulating our perceptions of, and reactions to, just fades away, even while older memories from
aggression and fear. the time before the damage are untouched.

The amygdala has connections to other bodily The key to the advanced intelligence of humans
systems related to fear, including the sympathetic is not found in the size of our brains. What sets
nervous system (which we will see later is humans apart from other animals is our larger
important in fear responses), facial responses cerebral cortex—the outer bark-like layer of our
(which perceive and express emotions), the brain that allows us to so successfully use
processing of smells, and the release of language, acquire complex skills, create tools,
neurotransmitters related to stress and and live in social groups (Gibson, 2002).
aggression (Best, 2009)
In humans, the cerebral cortex is wrinkled and
Located just under the thalamus (hence its name) folded, rather than smooth as it is in most other
the hypothalamus is a brain structure that animals. This creates a much greater surface
contains a number of small areas that perform a area and size, and allows increased capacities
variety of functions, including the important role for learning, remembering, and thinking. The
of linking the nervous system to the endocrine folding of the cerebral cortex is referred to as
system via the pituitary gland. Through its many corticalization.
interactions with other parts of the brain, the
hypothalamus helps regulate body temperature,

Cerebral Cortex

The cerebral cortex is the outermost layered structure of the brain and controls higher brain functions
such as information processing.
The cerebral cortex, the largest part of the brain, is the ultimate control and information-processing
center in the brain.
The cerebral cortex, made up of billions of neurons and glial cells, is divided into the right and left
hemispheres and into four lobes.

If you would divide the brain right down the center into two equal parts, we would have a right and left
hemisphere. Although they are equal in size, they are not the same and do not have the same
functions.
The left side of the brain controls the right side of the body. It also accomplishes tasks that involve the
academic and logical thinking like mathematics and science. However, the right hemisphere
coordinates the left side of the body and achieves tasks that involve creativity and arts. The two sides
of the brain communicate with one another through the corpus callosum that connects them.
The left hemisphere controls the muscles on the right side of the body while the right hemisphere
controls those on the left. This is why the damage to the left of the brains, for example, might have an
effect on the right side of the body.

The Right Brain

Based on the left-brain right brain dominance theory, the right side of the brain is best at expressive
and creative tasks.
Recognizing faces Color Motions Images
Music Intuitions Reading emotions Creativity
Some of the abilities popularly associated with the right side of the brain include:

The Left Brain

The left-side of the brain is considered to be adept at tasks that involve logic, language, and analytical
thinking. The left-brain is described as being better at:
Language Logic Critical Thinking Numbers Reasoning

Frontal Lobes
Located behind the forehead, frontal lobes are the largest lobes of the brain. They are prone to injury
because they sit just inside the front skull and near rough bony ridges.
These two lobes are involved in: Planning, Organizing, Problem Solving, Memory, Impulse Control,
Decision Making, Selective Attention, Controlling our behavior and emotions. The left frontal lobe plays
a large role in speech and language. Injury to the frontal lobes may affect emotions, impulse control,
language, memory, social and sexual behavior

Parietal Lobes Located behind the frontal lobes, the parietal lobes: Integrate sensory information from
various parts of the body and Contain the primary sensory cortex, which controls sensation (touch, hot
or cold, pain). Help to keep up from bumping into
things when we walk
Injury to the parietal lobe may affect: The ability to locate parts of the body.The ability
to recognize parts of your body.

Occipital Lobes
Located at the lower back of the head, the occipital lobes. It receives the process visual information.
Contain areas that help in receiving shapes and colors.
Injury to the occipital lobes may affect: Distortion of the visual field. Perception of size, color, and
shape

The temporal lobes

Temporal Lobes are located on the sides of the brain under the parietal lobes and behind the frontal
lobes at about the level of the ear. They are responsible for: Recognizing and processing sound.
Understanding and producing speech. Various aspects of memory.
Injury to the temporal lobe may afffect: Hearing, Language, the ability to recognize a familiar persons
face and processing sensory information
 EXERCISES

GENERAL DIRECTION: Write your answers in your notebook. Do not write anything in the Learning
Sheets.

Activity 1. Matching Type

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer.

For each statement, decide whether it is a function of the:

1. Breathing ______________________
A. Brain Stem 2. Vision ______________________
B. Cerebellum 3. Judgment ______________________
C. Occipital Lobes 4. Language ______________________
D. Temporal Lobes 5. Balance ______________________
E. Parietal Lobes 6. Attention ______________________
F. Frontal Lob 7. Goal Setting ______________________
8. Touch Perception ______________________
9. Coordination ______________________
10. Memory Acquisition ______________________
11. Sensory Integration ______________________
12. Time Perception ______________________
13. Swallowing ______________________
14. Recognition of Printed Words ______________________
15. Control of Emotional Response ______________________
16. Hearing Ability ______________________
17. Inhibition ______________________
18. Initiation ______________________
19. Startle Response ______________________
20. Color ______________________

Answer Key
10. D
9. A
8. E
7. F
6. F
5. B
4. F
3. F
2. C
1. A
Activity 3

20. C
19. F
18. E
17. F
16. D
15. E
14. C
13. A
12. D
11. E
 ANSWER SHEET

Student’s Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ____________

Grade & Section: ___________________________________________ Score: ____________
Teacher’s Name: LYNCEL FAYE B. DEADIO

ASSESSMENT

GENERAL DIRECTION: Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. What is true about the cerebrum?

A. It’s named after its bell-like shape.
B. It plays a large role in motor control.
C. Common signs of cerebellum damage are related to vision.
D. It is the area of the brain stem that controls heart rate and breathing.

2. Which of the following is not a major layer of the brain

A. Stem brain C. Hindbrain

B. Forebrain D. Midbrain

3. What does the light blue shaded organ refer to in the below diagram?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla Oblongata
D. Pons

4. What does tha green shaded organ refer to in the below diagram?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla Oblongata
D. Pons

5. Injury to the frontal lobes may affect

A. Perception of size, color, and shape
B. The ability to locate parts of the body
C. Emotions, impulse control, language, memory, social and sexual behavior
D. The ability to recognize a familiar persons face and processing sensory information

6. Which part of the brain is responsible for reasoning, planning, speech and movement, emotions and problem-
solving?

A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe

B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe
7. This part of the brain handles the perception of stimuli like touch, pressure, temperature and pain.

A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe

B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe 26

8. The perception and recognition of sounds and memory are the responsibility of this part of the brain.

A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe

B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe
9. Which part of the brain oversees vision?
C. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
D. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe

10. Which is false about the brain stem?

E. It’s responsible for the brain’s highest level of thinking and perception.
F. It controls the flow of messages between the brain and the body.
G. It consists of three parts: the medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain.
H. It is the oldest and innermost region of the brain

11. The wrinkly surface of the brain is called the ________.

A. cererbral cortex C. sulci

B. corpus callosum D. gyrus
12. The left hemisphere of the brain controls
A. The right side of the body
B. Visual processing
C. Artistic pursuits
D. Mathematical problem solving

13. Which part of the brain regulates many vital autonomic functions including heart rate, breathing, blood
pressure, swallowing, and digestion?

A. Brain Stem C. Hypothalamus

C. Thalamus D. Cerebellum
14. If you realize there is an intruder in your home, why would you most likely experience spurt in brain activity?
A. The event would stimulate your cerebellum which would enable you to remove yourself from the situation
B. The even would trigger your hippocampus to activate memories of previous robbery
C. Your hypothalamus is producing a fight or flight response
D. Your brain stem is stimulating a sudden release of adrenaline

15. The cerebellum is important for__

A. Initiating movements of the major muscle groups
B. Processing signals from the olfactory sensory neurons
C. Coordinating movement, balance, and eye coordination
D. Relaying sensory information to cerebral

GENERAL DIRECTION: Answer the question below. (5 points)

Do you think that encouraging left-handed children to use their right hands is a good idea? Why or why not?

Checked by: _______________________________

____________________________________________________
PARENT/GUARDIAN’S SIGNATURE OVER PRINTED NAME