By: Qorinatul Izzah (1717404071)
By: Qorinatul Izzah (1717404071)
By: Qorinatul Izzah (1717404071)
THESIS PROPOSAL
By:
QORINATUL ‘IZZAH
(1717404071)
1
Although the students do not attention to their learning styles, but it
knowing them if it can be help on their speaking skill.
Learning styles can be defined as a consistent pattern of behavior
but with a certain range of individual variability. 3The students use
different learning styles on their learning. Such in learning English,
especially on learning speaking, students’ have some different learning
styles. They can use memorizing, English song, speaking in front of the
mirror, much reading the text also can watching film with English subtitle
or etc. That all is one of the learning style can used by student on develop
their speaking skill in English.
Learning styles has big affect for students’ learning and also
helping to develop knowledge or students’ skills that should be mastered.
Since students have some different learning styles, it will be important to
the educator or teacher to know the variations of students learning styles to
assist students in developing these skills.
To collect data, the researcher conducted preliminary research by
doing interview by chat whatsapp on Thursday 04 th of November 2020
with Mr. Attabik Imam Zuhdi S. Pd. as the English teacher in MTs Ma’arif
Nurul Yaqin Pondokgebangsari Kuwarasan Kebumen. He explained
although the location of school in rural area but the students had good
interest in English. He always explained there were many problems in the
learning process, especially in speaking skills. Because, the students lack
of vocabularies, still lack of self-confidents, scared when speak in front of
the class. As we know learning style can help students speaking skills. In
both have relationship between the learning process of students’ with
success on develop students’ skills.
According the background above, the researcher knew that many
students in that school difficult to develop students’ skill comprehension,
such reading, writing, speaking and listening especially in speaking skills.
3
Claudia E. Cornett, What You Should Know About Teaching and Learning Styles,
(Bloomington, Indiana: ERIC, 1983), p. 9.
2
In this case, exactly students have different learning styles in speaking,
also different in speak in public. The researcher wants to know the
learning styles of students in learning English especially in speaking skill.
Based on explanation above the researcher choose the topic “The Effect
Of Learning Styles Toward Students’ Speaking Skill On MTs Ma’arif
Nurul Yaqin Pondokgebangsari Kuwarasan Kebumen”.
B. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
The definition of key term is important to give a guideline of the
research will be conducted. Related to this research, there are some key
terms to guide the conduct of this research. Those are:
1. Learning Style
Learning styles can be described also about the behavior of in
helping students learning. Learning styles can be way that can be
supporting learning process and develop students skill such can
memorize the vocabularies, speak in front of the mirror, speech or talk
alone.
2. Speaking
Speaking is usually an intentional activity, it serves a purpose the
speaker wants to realize.4 In English students should be mastered by
students except reading, writing, and listening skills. Speaking can be
train speaking of students according vocabularies, pronunciation, and
fluency.
C. RESEARCH QUESTION
Based on the research problem, the researcher formulates the research
question as follows:
4
Willem J. M. Levelt, Speaking from Intention to Articulation, (London: The MIT Press,
1989), p. 20.
3
1. Is there any effect of learning styles toward students’ speaking skills
on MTs Ma’arif Nurul Yaqin Pondokgebangsari Kuwarasan
Kebumen?
2. To what extent is the significant of students’ speaking skills on MTs
Ma’arif Nurul Yaqin Pondokgebangsari Kuwarasan Kebumen?
4
4. The researcher
This research can be used the researcher to know more about the
best of learning styles can be used by students’ on their speaking skills.
5. The another researcher
For other researcher this research can be reference for them which
their research are related.
5
semester of English Education in IAIN Surakarta in the Academic Year
2018/2019. The differences of this research are the subject and the object.
The research subject is just two variable but Medina’s research have three
variables was explained. Medina’s object is the student’s second semester
of English language education on IAIN Surakarta. The research’s object is
students’ of Madrasah Tsanawiya. The similarities of this research and the
researcher’s study are discussing about learning styles towards students
speaking, and using quantitative approach.
The third is a research entitled “The Influence Students’ Learning
Styles Preferemces To Their Speaking Achievement by Ridha Ilma and
Nita Ria from FKIP UM Palembang in 2019. This research was focused to
find out whether or not there was a significant correlation between
students’ learning style [reference and their speaking achievement. The
differences are the aspect and technique of collecting data. The rese
archer’s aspect is learning style and speaking skill and the Ridha and
Nita’s aspect is learning style preferences and speaking achievement. The
researcher’s technique collecting data use Test and the Ridha and Nita’s
use pre-test and pos-test. The similarity of this research and the
researcher’s study is discuss about learning styles and students; speaking
skill and using quantitative approach.
G. LITERATURE REVIEW
a. Learning Styles
1) The Definition of Learning Style
Learning styles is a preferred way of thinking, processing,
and understanding information.5 Learning styles also known a
cognitive and affective characteristics as well as psychological
behaviors that act as stable indicators of how learners comprehend,
5
Kelli Allen, et.al, Understanding Learning Styles Making a Difference for Diverse
Learners, (Huntington Beach: Shell Educational Publishing, 2011), p. 9.
6
respond, and interact with a learning environment. 6 In general
learning styles can be defined as the action or attitude
automatically on students and can supporting their learning
process. Learning styles so importance in students learning process
also can gives an effect for the learners in studying. Learning styles
can help students to get more excited about the subject, explore and
understand the facts, enjoying the learning and they have learned
into practice.7 In English speaking can be develop suitable with the
students learning styles. When both of them are related also it
makes easy to learn and practice.
2) The Types of Learning Style
Learning style can be describe, it can be one of the big
affect in students learning such can helping students to develop
their skills, develop the knowledge of students, could find a good
and suitable ways of students to use a learning style on learning
process.
Learning style have three types, they are; Visual learning
style; Auditory learning style; Kinesthetic learning style. 8 It will
explain as below:
(1) Visual Learning Style
Visual learning style can be defined learn through vision. It
means learners learn use viewing and reading is important for
visual learners. Pictures, table, diagrams, films and displays
will be useful for the visual learners.
6
Hassan Soodmand Afshar and Mahsa Bayat, “Strategy Use, Learning Styles and L2
Achievement of Iranian Students of English for Academic Purposes”. Issues in Educational
Research. Vol. 28. No. 4. 2018, p. 1042.
7
Marlene D. LefeVer, Learning Styles Reaching Everyone God Gave You To Teach, (USA:
David C. Cook, 2004), p. 18.
8
Sajna Jaleel, Learning Styles Theories and Implications for Teaching Learning, (USA:
Horizon Research Publishing, 2019), p. 71 & 72.
7
(2) Auditory Learning Style
Auditory learning style can be defined learn through listening.
Music, tone, rhythm, rhyme, personal dialogue and a
prominent voice will be useful for the auditory learners.
(3) Kinesthetic Learning Style
Kinesthetic learning style can be defined learn by doing.
Movement, coordination, rhythm, emotional response and
physical comfort prominently will be useful for kinesthetic
learners.
b. Speaking
1) The Definition of Speaking
Speaking is the ability of people in talking English fluently and
good pronunciation about the information, knowledge, or features
of English and deliver by mouth.9 Students speaking skill purpose
to make communication to deliver information between other.
However, speaking a foreign language is not easy skill to be
mastered by students. Students consider speaking as the most
difficult skill, because students need more preparation to speak
well in the new language.
Based on explanation above, that student before speak should
be preparation the vocabularies for their sentences, they should to
arrange the sentences well, so they can be understood. When the
students can speak with correct pronunciation also it can make
understanding the between speaker and listener.
2) The Components of Speaking
Speaking has five components they are grammar, vocabulary,
comprehension, fluency and pronunciation and the students should
have to be aware of these components. 10 As a foreign language,
9
Dewi Sri Kuning, “Application Of Social Media To Learn Speaking”. Jurnal Elsa. Vol. 18.
No. 1. 2020, p. 78.
10
Sofyan A. Gani, et.al, “Students’ Learning Strategies for Developing Speaking Ability”.
Journal Studies In English Language And Education. Vol. 2. No. 1. 2015, p. 17.
8
students also must observe the vocabularies and the mastering of
the structure or grammatically of the sentences.
But, for students it still has difficulty for them. Beginning for
choose the vocabulary until how to pronounce the sentences. As
the teacher should gives more attention to the students in teach
English especially in students speaking skill.
3) The Importance of Speaking
Speaking skills are the most essential skills for all the learners
who wish to learn English to enhance their career, build confidence
levels, make public speeches, attend interviews, participate in
debates and group discussion, gives presentation and so on.11
English classroom, speaking to be one of skills to mastered by
students. In the learning process students learn how to chose the
vocabulary to be a good sentences, how speak well with correct
pronunciation, the influence when speak with the other people, also
to make understanding between speaker and listener during
communication.
Teacher as the facilitator has many methods to teach English
learning, especially in speaking student skill. Where the student
needs more knowledge and way to learn speaking.
H. HYPOTHESIS
1. Null Hypothesis (H0)
The null hypothesis stated that there is no effect of learning styles
toward students’ speaking skills.
2. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha)
The alternative hypothesis stated that there is any effect of learning
styles towards students’ speaking skills.
11
Parupalli Srinivas Rao, “The Importance Of Speaking Skills In English In English
Classsroom”. Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal (ACIELJ). Vol. 2. Issue 2.
2019, p. 9&10.
9
I. RESEARCH METHOD
1. Type of The Research
Types of the research that researcher will use field research.
The researcher should collect data and observe information with
respondent directly by visiting location of the research. Based on the
problem the researcher use quantitative research and it used a
correlation between two variables.
b. Sample
12
Ajat Rukajat, Pendekatan Penelitian Kuantitatif Quantitative Research Approach
(Yogyakarta: DEEPUBLISH, 2018), p. 19.
10
Sample is a part of the amount and characteristic of the
population.13 The samples of the research are 10 students, and the
researcher choose students of VIII A for the object.
13
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Bandung: Alfabeta,
2017), p. 81.
14
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif …, p. 38.
15
Ronald R. Sims and Serbrenia J. Sims, The Improtance Of Learning Styles
Understanding The Implications for Learning, Course Design, and Education, (United States of
America: Greenwood Press, 1995), p. 9.
11
According to Kolb, the types of learning style have four types:16
(1) Concrete Experience
A receptive experience based on approach to learning that
relies for a large part on judgments based on feeling.
(2) Reflective Observation
Reflective observation is about their own experience.
(3) Abstract Conceptualization
The learners learn best from authority-directed learning
situation that empathize theory.
(4) Active Experimentation
The learners learn best when they can engage in projects,
homework, small group discussion.
b. Speaking
Speaking is one of the productive skills that must be mastered by
students while learning a language. Students have to able to give
their opinion, expressing their feeling in speaking without
hesitation or fear.17 On Speaking practice also we needs to give
scoring, because when makes assessment should be suitable
according the aspect or components of speaking to easier makes
the scoring. So, we have the criterion of students’ speaking skill
can be to determine how far the students’ speaking skill.
Assessment of speaking includes some basic of scoring.
There are four basic types of speaking assessment:18
16
Medina Aulia Hapsari, Thesis: “ The Correlation Study Between Student’ Self-
Confidence And Learning Style Towards Their Speaking Ability At The Second Semester Of English
Language Education In IAIN Surakarta In The Academic Year 2018/2019” (Surakarta: IAIN
Surakarta, 201i9), p.22 & 23.
17
Ratih Saltri Yudar, et.al, ”The Movie as a Helper for Students’ Pronunciation in
Speaking Skill Class”. Journal of English Language Studies. Vol. 2. No. 1. 2020, p. 16.
18
H. Douglas Brown, Language Assessment Principles and Classroom Practic , (San
Fransisco State Universit: Pearson Education, 2004), p. 141 & 142.
12
(1) Imitative
Types of speaking performance are the ability to simply parrot
back (imitate) a word or phrase or possibly a sentence, it is an
imitative speaking such pronunciation.
(2) Intensive
The second of type of speaking frequently employed in
assessment context is the production of oral language designed
to demonstrate the competence including of grammatical,
phrasal, lexical, or phonological relationship.
(3) Responsive
The interaction and test comprehension but at the somewhat
limited level of short conversations, standard, greetings and
small talk, simple request and comments, and etc.
(4) Interactive
Differences between responsive and interactive speaking the
length and complexity of the interaction, which sometimes
includes multiple changes and/or multiple participant.
(5) Extensive (Monologue)
Extensive oral production task include speeches, oral
presentations, and story-telling, during which the opportunity
for oral interaction from listeners.
The scoring rubric of speaking skill used in this research was
adapted from the speaking rubric of Mukminatus Zuhriyah 19. The
scoring rubric of speaking aspects or components as below:
Scoring Comprehension Vocabulary Grammar Fluency Pronunciation
5 Appears to Speaks with Produces Speaks very Speaks in
understand accurate complete and fluency. intelligibly.
without English accurate
difficulty. word. sentences.
19
Mukminatus Zuhriyah, ”Storytelling to Improve Students’ Speaking Skill”. Jurnal Tadris
Bahasa Inggris. Vo l. 10. No. 1. 2017, p. 125.
13
4 Understands Speaks Produces some speaks Speaks mostly
nearly at mostly with phrase as fluently in intelligibly
normal speed few words. complete with only with mother
although sentences. rare tongue accent.
occasional repetition.
repetition may
be necessary.
3 Understands of Produces 4- Produces Speaks lees Speaks mostly
what is said but 6 words. incorrect fluently due but produces
with many sentences/phrases. to few 1-3 English
repetitions. problems of words and
vocabulary pronounces
and select them in
the word. mother tongue
accent.
2 Has great Produces 1- Little bit good in Speaks Speaking
difficulty 3 English grammatically mostly but mostly 1-3
understanding words although any long pauses English words
what is said, (place or sentences still few and but needs
often profession errors. hesitancy. some
misunderstands. such as repetition in
hospital, pronouncing
doctor etc) the words to
understanding.
1 Unable Vocabulary Great Unidentified Unidentified
comprehend the limitation so grammatical and unable to pronounce
material so that unable as to errors unable to to putting the words.
unable to make a speak. the suitable
express/respond conversation word into
the question and sentences.
correctly. impossible
to the
14
students
speak.
Y = β 0+ β 1 X+ E
Explanation:
Y : Dependent Variable (Speaking skill)
X : Independent Variable (Learning Style)
20
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif …, p. 142.
21
Suyono, Analisis Regresi Untuk Penelitian, (Yogyakarta: DEEPUBLISH, 2018), p. 5&6.
15
β0 & β1 : Regression coefficient
E : Random Error
REFERENCES
Afshar, Hassan Soodmand & Mahsa Bayat. (2018). “Strategy Use, Learning
Styles and L2 Achievement of Iranian Students of English for Academic
Purposes”. Issues in Educational Research. Vol. 28. No. 4.
Allen, Kelli et.al. (2011). Understanding Learning Styles Making a Difference for
Diverse Learners. Huntington Beach: Shell Educational Publishing.
Brown, H. Douglas. (2004). Language Assessment Principles and Classroom
Practico. San Fransisco State Universit: Pearson Education.
16
Cornett, Claudia E. (1983). What You Should Know About Teaching and Learning
Styles. Bloomington, Indiana: ERIC.
Hapsari, Medina Aulia. (2019) Thesis: “ The Correlation Study Between Student’
Self-Confidence And Learning Style Towards Their Speaking Ability At
The Second Semester Of English Language Education In IAIN Surakarta In
The Academic Year 2018/2019”. Surakarta: IAIN Surakarta.
Ilma, Ridha & Nita Ria. (2019). “The Influence Students’ Learning Style
Prefernces To Their Speaking Achievement”. English Community Journal.
Vol. 3. No. 2.
Jaleel, Sajna. (2019). Learning Styles Theories and Implications for Teaching
Learning. USA: Horizon Research Publishing.
Kuning, Dewi Sri. (2020). “Application Of Social Media To Learn Speaking”.
Jurnal Elsa. Vol. 18. No. 1.
Gani, Sofyan A. et.al. (2015). “Students’ Learning Strategies for Developing
Speaking Ability”. Journal Studies In English Language And Education.
Vol. 2. No. 1.
LefeVer, Marlene D. (2004). Learning Styles Reaching Everyone God Gave You
To Teach. USA: David C. Cook.
Levelt, Willem J. M. (1989). Speaking from Intention to Articulation. London:
The MIT Press.
Nunan, David. (2013). What Is Thing Called Language?. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Rao, Parupalli Srinivas. (2019). “The Importance Of Speaking Skills In English In
English Classsroom”. Alford Council of International English & Literature
Journal (ACIELJ). Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Rukajat, Ajat. (2018). Pendekatan Penelitian Kuantitatif Quantitative Research
Approach. Yogyakarta: DEEPUBLISH.
Sims, Ronald R. & Serbrenia J. Sims. (1995). The Improtance Of Learning Styles
Understanding The Implications for Learning, Course Design, and Education.
United States of America: Greenwood Press.
17
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung:
Alfabeta.
Suyono. (2018). Analisis Regresi Untuk Penelitian. Yogyakarta: DEEPUBLISH.
Yudar, Ratih Saltri et.al. (2020).”The Movie as a Helper for Students’
Pronunciation in Speaking Skill Class”. Journal of English Language Studies.
Vol. 2. No. 1.
Zuhriyah, Mukminatus. (2017). ”Storytelling to Improve Students’ Speaking
Skill”. Jurnal Tadris Bahasa Inggris. Vo l. 10. No. 1.
18