Gathering the best minds from Japan!

The Asia Mathematics Olympiad (AMO) is an international competition that has been held every
summer since 1991. This competition aims to allow students to reveal and embrace their talent in
Mathematics. More than 180,000 students from countries such as Japan, Singapore, Indonesia,
Thailand, China, Hong Kong and Korea have participated in this competition so far.
The Asia Mathematics Olympiad in South East Asia was held for the first time in 2017.

What distinguishes AMO from other competitions? Mathematics

Literacy
The difficulty level of questions is extremely HIGH.

5
Science Reading
This competition requires students to not just rely on memorising Literacy Literacy
formulas, but to fully utilize their Logical and Innovative thinking.
This test can assess Mathematical skills relevant to the 21st Century. SKILLS
Top students from all over Asia participate in this competition.
Problem Financial
Solving Literacy

Mr. Peter Frankl, Member of Mathematics Olympics Committee

I am very happy to introduce this Mathematics Olympiad to Asian
high-level schools. Now, techniques of logical thinking is in the focus
5 Skills Required for 21st Century
and strongly required, because it’ s an essential skill to communicate
with other people from different and various backgrounds. There is no OECD features 5 skills above and
room for doubt that Mathematics skill is the key for children to acquire evaluates education systems worldwide
logical thinking. I highly recommend this competition for the future of by testing the skills and knowledge of
our talented students. 15-year-old students with PISA test.

LEVELS
NAME RECOMMENDED FOR CONTENTS

Beginners Level. 9yrs and under students are

Bee 9yrs and / or below recommended to join this level. The participants must be
able to do basic arithmetic operations.

Any student under 11yrs and under is qualified. But it is

Junior 11yrs and / or below most suitable for 4th-5th graders. The difficulty level is
optimised for the equivalent of Japanese 4th grade.

This is targeted towards 12yrs and under, in other words,

every elementary school student is qualified to enter.
Senior 12yrs and / or below
The difficulty level is optimised for the equivalent of
Japanese 5th grade.
 Math Olympiad 2018
Breakdown of Participants
First Round
Date of implementation – 10th June in 2018

Participants of Trial by Country

Conducted in 220 sites throughout Japan, Singapore, Indonesia and Thailand.

Region
Level
Bee Junior Senior Total

Japan 1596 1733 795 4124

Singapore 5 8 5 18

Indonesia 90 71 19 180

Thailand – – 272 272

Grand Total 4594

Final Round
Date of implementation – 22th July in 2018
14 Finalists from South East Asia
Category Name Country Category Name Country
Bee Arsha Naufal Mauritzan Indonesia Senior Matawin Janthong Thailand
Senior Doonyapat Pornpanawan Thailand Senior SIRAVIT HENGSUVANICH Thailand
Senior Natcha Chaiburanont Thailand Senior Atigunt Hualcharoenthon Thailand
Senior Pipitchaya Sridam Thailand Senior Thayathorn Zheng Thailand
Senior Sirawit Pipittanaban Thailand Senior Kunthee Yongvanich Thailand
Senior Tayakorn Suwanich Thailand Senior Patanasang Pinijpichitkul Thailand
Senior Thammarak Korsakulthum Thailand Senior Wachirawit Kijkunasathian Thailand

Index
Bee level 1st Round Questions ................... 4 Bee level 1st Round Interpretation.............. 18
Bee level Final Round Questions................ 6 Bee level Final Round Interpretation......... 20
Junior level 1 Round Questions................. 8
st
Junior level 1st Round Interpretation........... 22
Junior level Final Round Questions............. 10 Junior level Final Round Interpretation....... 25
Senior level 1 Round Questions................ 12
st
Senior level 1st Round Interpretation.......... 27
Senior level Final Round Questions............ 14 Senior level Final Round Interpretation...... 30
Answers....................................................... 16
 BEE Level 1st Round Questions Question 4
Additions from left to right
and right to left
Time limit: 60min
There are 9 cards numbered from 1 to 9, and a card marked with
a “+”. Use these cards to do additions in either direction, like
exampled below. Enter A, B, C, D and E with numbers to complete
Question 1 Addition the addition in either direction.

Enter one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 into the □’s below, and complete

□＋□＋□＋□＝□□
the addition.

Question 2 The length of “?”

There are two rectangles of 20-cm long in Figure 1. One is divided

into 4 equal rectangles and the other is divided into 5 equal
rectangles.

into 4 eq.rect.
Question 5 Cans of Juice

into 5 eq.rect.
9 cans of juice were spaced out evenly as shown from straight
above in Figure 1. Some of them were removed already, and now
they are side-viewed as in Figure 2 depending on the position of
Tom, Peter, or Mary, respectively. Shade the remaining cans on the
answer sheet.
All of them are arranged as shown in Figure 2.
Find the length of “?” in cm

Question 3 Overlapped regular triangles

Seven regular triangles of the same size are overlapped as shown

in Figure below. Black out the visible sections of the fourth top
triangle.

Question 6 Clock in the Park

Taro left home to play in the park when his watch showed exactly 3
o’clock. When he got there, the clock in the park showed exactly 3
o’clock. After playing in the park for a while, he left for home when
the clock showed 3:30. When he got home, his watch showed 3:40.
What time the clock in the park showed when Taro left home in the
beginning? Note that Taro walked at the same pace on the way to
and from the park.

—4—
 【Question 4】
Junior Level 1st Round Questions Complete the calculation by entering an appropriate number in each □ .
Time limit: 90min

【Question 1】
On a grid sheet of 5 by 20 squares, a line is drawn diagonally, and “2018”
is described by shading as shown.

The sheet was bisected along the diagonal line into two halves. Find the
difference in number of squares between the shaded areas in each of the
bisected sheets.

【Question 5】
We have dice with numbers from 1 to 6 shown on each side. The number
on one side and its opposite side adds up to 7. The dice are in 2 types as
below.

【Question 2】
Four persons A, B, C and D follow a flowchart one by one, from START and
are identified of their preference to 4 different types of characteristic.

From their conversation below, which of the bubble represent A,B,C,D or E?

The dice are side-to-side attached to each other in the following rule:

Rule: The numbers on the attached sides are identical.

Now we create a cube using 8 dice. What is the largest and smallest sum
of the numbers that are shown on the outside?

【Question 6】
There are 9 cards numbered from 1 to 9, and 2 cards marked with “+”.
Using these cards, we do additions as shown below. Find the numbers
entered in each of A, B, C and D, respectively, to complete the additions.
A ”I love dogs but I’m not Type 3.”
B “I love exercise.”
C “I love to watch movies.”
D “Everyone is good at swimming but me."

【Question 3】
We play a game called “Eight Queens.” You put eight chess pieces on
an 8 by 8 square board one by one. No pair of pieces should be aligned
with each other in a horizontal, vertical, or 45-degree diagonal square. For
example, Figure 1 shows those unacceptable alignments.

【Question 7】
Following the rule below, create a 6-digit number using the numbers from 1
to 6.

Figure 2 shows an example of a successful arrangement of 8 pieces. Rule: Any neighboring 2 or more numbers are not multiples of 6.
Following this example, place 4 〇 pieces on a 4 by 4 square board. You (For example, ”24”,”516”, etc.)
could use the board below to exercise.
When 1 and 5 are located as follows, place the remaining four numbers in
squares by following the rule above.

—8—
 【Question 4】
Senior Level 1st Round Questions In a certain country, Yen is used as their currency like in Japan. They only
use 1-yen, 2-yen, 6-yen, 24-yen, and 120-yen coins only. If you should
Time limit: 90min pay an exact amount with the least number of coins, what is the minimum
【Question 1】
amount of yen that can be paid with 12 coins?
Two rectangles with an identical perimeter are overlapped perpendicularly
*you could repeat the number denomination of the coins.
as shown.

Then the ratio of the area of 5 segments looks like the following. Answer 【Question 5】
the possible combinations of the lengths of the 2 sides of each rectangle. Here’s a rotary dial to unlock safe. The safe is unlocked when marks
▼ and △ coincide with each other. (The dial has 32 clicks.)

The dial however will not stop in position until it is rotated 5 clicks
clockwise or 10 clicks counterclockwise in an operation.

Starting from the position as shown below, what is the least number of
turns you need to make to open the safe?

【Question 2】
Consider a cube as shown below. Each side is uniquely numbered from 1
to 6. On the three sides around each corner, there is at least a side which
has a number in multiple of either 2 or 3.

Under the above condition, find the combinations of numbers on the facing
two sides. You could use the figure below to exercise.

【Question 6】
Triangle ABC is a regular triangle (equilateral triangle) with 16 cm sides.
In Figure 1, by folding frontward along the three dotted lines, Figure 2 is
obtained. How many times is the area of the shaded triangle in Figure 2
compare to the area of triangle ABC?

【Question 3】
We play a game called “Eight Queens.” You put eight chess pieces on
an 8 by 8 square board one by one. No pair of pieces should be aligned
with each other in a horizontal, vertical, or 45-degree diagonal square. For
example, Figure 1 shows those unacceptable alignments.

【Question 7】
Ms. Anne took the math test 5 times. Answer the question after reading the
conversation of Anne with her father.

Anne: Daddy, I’ve got better scores each time I took a math test!
Father: Well it’s great! It’s actually getting better each time.
The last score is almost twice the first one.
Figure 2 shows an example of a successful arrangement of 8 pieces. Anne: Yah, because I studied very hard! But, I can hardly make it to twice.
Following this example, place 4 〇 pieces on a 4 by 4 square board. You Father: Well, yes. But look, all the scores are different in numbers.
could use the board below to exercise. Anne: That’s true! It’s too much of a coincidence.

Question: What could be the possible scores of Anne’s first score and the
average score for the 5 tests?

— 12 —
 BEE 1st Round Answers BEE Final Round Answers

⑦④②③⑥①⑤
Example
Q
1 2+3+4+6=1 5 Q
6 2:55 Q
1

Opposite Opposite Opposite

22cm 30cm 7Shapes

side of 5 side of 6 side of 4
Q Q Q Q
2 7 2 3
7 3 4
(1) (2)

Q
3
Q
8
389 953210
Q
4
112 Blocks Q
5
40
A B C D E (1) (2)

61
Length Width
Q Q

1 4 5 6 7
7cm
4 9 Q
6

3cm 3cm
● 〇 〇
〇 ● ●
Animal Quizzes Plants Quizzes People Quizzes
Q Q

● 〇 ● 2 2 4
5 10 Q
7

(A) (C) (D) (E) (B) (G) (H) (F)

MEMO

— 16 —
 Junior 1st Round Answers Junior Final Round Answers
Largest Smallest

8 Squares
Example (1)

120 48 4410
Q Q
1 7 ○
○ Q
5
Type 1 Type 2 A B C D
Q ○ (2)

355680
1

A D
○

7 4 5 9
Q
6 ○
Q
2 Type 3 Type 4 ○
(1)

C B Q
7 4 5 2 6 1 3 Q
2
189 Q
6
261st
(2)

1717th
○ ○

32cm
○ ○
Q
3 ○ ○ Q
8 2
Q
3 1 4 7 9 12
○ ○

or
(1) Q
7
13 cubes
x
4 1 2
4 9
Q
9
762.5cm 2
Q 4 times
6.25cm
4 (2)

698th
Q
Q
4 3 7 0 8 A I 8 2
1 6 4 8
8 7
Q
10
2 0 1 8 8

Senior 1st Round Answers Senior Final Round Answers

A B Example
49
Q
1
4 cm 30 10 24 cm cm cm
Q
6
256 ○
○
1 5 7
First Average
Q
1
○
○
Q
2 3 6 4
1 and 5 2 and 4
Q
Q
7
49 63 or
○
○
2 8 9
2
3 and 6 48 64.8
B is greater by
○
○

○
Q
8
762.5cm 2
Q
3
115.2° Q
4
12078
Q
○
In clockwise
2519
3 or
Q Q
○ A B C D
5 7 direction, by
○

○ Q
29 51 80 43 10.99(cm longer)
○ 9 E

67
Q
4
359yen Q
Q
8
48.75°
56
6
Q

11times
10
Q
5

— 17 —
 【Question 4】 Correct answer rate 53.32%
BEE Level 1st Round Interpretation Where A B C + D E =212, B C + D E =12 or 112.
Average 37.68 points (Full marks 100 points) However, (1) since there is no 0 in A, B, C, D, and E, B C + D E =112 is
known.
【Question 1】 Correct answer rate 87.72% That is, A=1.
Since four larger figures sum up to 3+4+5+6=18, the sum of this formula Also, C + E = 2 or 12. From (1), (2) C + E =12, B + D =10 are known.
has its tens place of 1. Then, E D + C B A =617 and A=1,
□ + □ + □ + □ = 1□ therefore, E D = C B 1, which leads to D=6.
All remaining figures sum to 2+3+4+5+6=20. Thus from (2), B=10-6=4 is known.
By subtracting a figure from 20 and looking up a figure whose answer Finally, ED+CB1=617 leads to E 6+ C 41=617, giving E=7 and C=5.
becomes 1□ from 2 through 6, 20-5=15 will be obtained.
□ + □ + □ + □ = 15
[Answers] A=1, B=4, C=5, D=6, E=7
There is no particular order for remaining 4 figures.

[Answer] 2 + 3 + 4 + 6 = 1 5 【Question 5】 Correct answer rate 27.69%

The cans are put in the places from A to I. A B C
【Question 2】 Correct answer rate 61.34% From the viewpoints of three in the figure, the cans
The length of the part of a tape divided into four equal parts is 20÷4=5 (cm). are designated as follows:
D E F
The length of the part of a tape divided into five equal parts is 20÷5=4(cm). ● : A can is sure to be placed.
G H I
? cm = the length of 2 parts of the 4-divided tape + the length of 3 parts of ▲ : A can may or may not be placed.
〇 : A can is sure NOT to be placed.
the 5-divided tape = 5×2+4×3=10+12=22 (cm).
1. Tom
1. Tom
From his viewpoint, A and I are marked ● because
[Answer] 22 (cm)
● 〇 ▲
he is certain to see them.
【Question 3】 Correct answer rate 23.62% He can’t see the cans at B and D, therefore, those 〇 ▲ ▲
Put the pieces in place one by one from the bottom. are marked 〇 .
There may be at least a can at any of C, E, and G; ▲ ▲ 〇
and also at either F or H, all of these are marked ▲ .
1st 2nd 3rd 2. Mary
2. Mary
From her viewpoint, she is sure that there are cans ● 〇 〇
at F and G, therefore, she marks F and G as ● , not
▲.
〇 ▲ ●

4th 5th 6th ● 〇 ●

3. Peter
3. Peter
The rest is ▲ . ● 〇 〇
From Peter’s viewpoint, there should be at least
a can at any of B, E, and H; however, from the 〇 ● ●
viewpoints of Dave and Suzy, it is known that there
● 〇 ●
When the last, 7th piece is placed, it looks like the following: are no cans at B and H.
This shows there is a can at E, therefore, E is ● .
(7)

[Answer]
● 〇 〇

〇 ● ●

● 〇 ●

From above, 4th piece from top is equal to 4th piece from bottom, the 【Question 6】 Correct answer rate 17.73%
visible sections of fourth top are shaded area of the following. From the clock in the park, Taro stayed in the park for:
3:30pm - 3pm = 30 minutes
[Answer] From the clock at his home, Taro was out for:
3:40pm - 3pm = 40 minutes
The total time needed for Taro to go to the park and return to his house is
40 minutes - 30 minutes = 10 minutes.
The time Taro walked from his house to the park is:
10 minutes ÷ 2 = 5 minutes
Therefore, the time the clock in the park indicated when Taro left home
was: 3pm - 5 minutes = 2:55 pm
[Answer] 2:55pm

— 18 —