Mariano Marcos State University: Pharmaceutical Botany With Taxonomy
Mariano Marcos State University: Pharmaceutical Botany With Taxonomy
Title
Medicinal Plants and the Scientific Method
Introduction
Learning Outcomes
Warm-up Activity
Question:
Central Activities
Medicinal Plants
a. DOH approved medicinal plants
The Department of Health of the Philippines circulated a list of “Ten scientifically
validated” Philippine medicinal plants in 1992 (R.A. No. 8423- Philippine Institute of
Traditional and Alternative health Care). These are the following:
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1. Allium sativum (Garlic/Bawang)- used for the treatment of wounds,
hypertension and toothache;
2. Blumea balsamifera (Nagal camphor/sambong)- effective in diuretic
treatment for hypertension;
3. Cassia alata (Ringworm bush/ulasimang bato)- used for the treatment of
scabies, fungal infection, athlete’s foot, tinea flava, ringworm;
4. Clinopodium douglasii (Mint/yerba Buena)- used for the treatment of
muscle pain, arthritis, rheumatism, cough, headache;
5. Ehretia microphylla (Scorpion bush/Tsaang Gubat)- used for the treatment
of diarrhea and stomachache;
6. Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon/Ampalaya)- used for the treatment of
diabetes mellitus;
7. Peperomia pellucida (Silver bush/ulasimang bato)- used for the treatment of
gout and rheumatism;
8. Psidium guajava (Guava/Bayabas)- used for the treatment of wounds and
diarrhea;
9. Quisqualis indica (Rangoon creeper/niyug-niyogan)- used for anti-helmintic
medicine;
10. Vitex negundo (Five-leaved chaste tree/lagundi)- used for the treatment of
cough, asthma, and fever.
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Henbane Hyoscyamus Hyoscyamine, Sedatives,
niger hyoscine secretion
Deadly Atropa Hyoscyamine, Depressant of
nightshade belladona atropine, nerve endings,
scopolamine control of motion
sickness
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expectorant,
antitumor action
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• Theory is a principle set to explain phenomena already supported by data.
e. Conclusion- analyze and interpret the data to reach a conclusion. The conclusion
will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. It the results support the
hypothesis, a conclusion can be written. If it does not support the hypothesis, the
scientist may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what
was learned during the experiment.
f. Communicate the results- share new knowledge with the scientific community.
The scientist does this by publishing articles in scientific journals or books and by
presenting the information at scientific meetings. Sharing new knowledge with the
scientific community permits other scientists to repeat the experiment or design
new experiments that either verify or refute the work.
Activity 1
• You are requested to participate in an online poll posted in the mVLE course page
on September 3, 2020, 9:00 AM.
Activity 2
• Go around your house and explore the medicinal plants available in your place.
Take a picture of the plants and identify their medicinal uses/folkloric uses.
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Learning Input 2 (Laboratory)
Overview
• The scientific method is a way to test problems, to attempt to discover the
reasoning behind a natural occurrence. Scientists do not always follow the “steps”
of the scientific method in order, but there are certain things that need to be done
when attempting to solve a problem. The scientific method helps scientists
navigate the process and helps them explain their process and results with others.
Activity 3
• Prepare a bag of fun size nips (blue variant). Discover how many chocolates of one
color are in a bag of fun size nips. This will allow you to record data and then create
graphs to help draw conclusions; the same way scientists do in the lab. Do not
open the bag until you are instructed to do so. Do not eat any of the colored
chocolates until you are instructed to do so. The instruction will be posted in the
mVLE on September 4, 2020, 9:00 AM.
Wrap-up Activity
Discussion Forum 1
• You are expected to participate in the discussion forum scheduled on September
7, 2020 (unless otherwise rescheduled), Monday via the mVLE BIGBlueButtonBN
or ZOOM.
• An invitation link will be available in the mVLE course site.
• Open-ended questions will be asked randomly among students during the
discussion proper.
• In addition, students are also given opportunity to ask/raise any question or
make clarifications during the discussion.
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Assessment (Post-assessment)
Online Exam 2
• You are required to take the Post-Test after the discussion forum on September
7, 2020.
• The link will be posted on September 7, 2020 (Monday) 5:00 PM in the mVLE
Quiz Portal.
Course Facilitator