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Human Migration To Mars

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Human Migration to Mars

What happens when the human population outpaces the resources of our planet? Many
people wonder if moving humankind to another planet is possible. Scientists agree that of all the
other planets in the solar system Mars would be the most habitable but that is not saying much. If
the goal is to create a self-sustaining Martian world, life will be difficult and dangerous.
Mars has similarities to Earth. Its axial tilt is about the same, so Mars experiences similar
seasons. However, its orbital eccentricity is much larger, so the length of the seasons varies, and
a year lasts almost twice as long as on Earth. The desert terrain is similar to some regions on
Earth.
However, despite these similarities Mars is a completely hostile environment. There is no
breathable air and very little air pressure. Lower gravity presents problems for prolonged
settlement. Temperatures vary widely. While they may climb as high as 70º F, in some places
they drop as low as -225º. The soil is toxic and radiation from the Sun is deathly.
All this may seem a little too out of this world but some scientist and a few entrepreneurs
hopes to make the dream of life on Mars a reality. Technology will be a major player in a
successful Mars settlement. Residents will require constant pressurized and heated environments.
Luckily the planet provides a few raw materials such as soil to make concrete. Mars is home to
several large caves, which would screen settlers from radiation. Residents would be able to grow
plants after removing harsh chemicals form the toxic soil. Water on the fourth planet from the
Sun is available but the atmosphere is too thin for liquid water to exist for long. Instead, water
trapped just under the surface of the polar-regions. Extracting water would be vital for drinking,
growing food, and producing oxygen.
Space is opening up the private sector and a few companies toward life on Mars. Elon
Musk, the founder of SpaceX, a space exploration and technology company, aims to build a
colony of 80,000 peoples. SpaceX announced plans to put humans on Mars as early as 2026.
Getting to Mars is not as difficult as landing, surviving on the planet, or even returning to Earth.
Musk told CNBC: “the thing that matters long term is to have a self-sustaining city on Mars to
make life multi-planetary….”
Indicating that Mars could be a refuge in case we outgrow our current planet. Given
Earth’s dwindling resources, that could be sooner than we think.

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