Vincent Rey Olario 08/02/2021

BSME-5 INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

2. Two hundred twenty-seven kg of air per hour is saturated at 49 C, then heated to 116.7 C, passed through
o o

an adiabatic drier and discharged at 59 C. Determine each of the following:

o

a. Total kg of H O in air before heating, per hour 

2

b. Final kg of H O in air when discharged, per hour 

2

c. Water evaporated from material in drier, kg/hr 

d. Relative humidity of air leaving drier 
e. Dew point of air leaving drier 
f. Percentage of saturation of air leaving drier 
g. Number of liters per minute of air before drying. 

SOLUTION:

m= 227 kg/hr T2 =116.7°C T3 =59°C

T1 =49°C HEATER DRYER

Point 1:
TDB= 49 °C ; RH = 100%
Psat @ 49° C=11.7465 kPa
Ps 1=Ø Psat = (.100 )( 11.7465 )=11.7465 kPa
( 0.662)(11.7465) kg
ω 1= =0.08156
101.325−11.7465 kg

Point 2:
kg
ω 2=ω 1=0.08156
kg
KJ
h g=h g @116.7 ° C=2702.59
kg
KJ
h2 =cp T 2+ ω 2h g 2=( 1.0062 ) ( 116.7 ) + ( 0.08156 )( 2702.59 )=337.85
kg
Point 3:
KJ
h3 =h2=337.85
kg
KJ
h g 3=h g @ 59 ° C=2608.07
kg
 KJ
h3 =cp T 3+ ω 3 hg 3 ; ( 1.0062 )( 59 ) + ( ω 3 )( 2608.07 )=337.85
kg
kg
ω 3=0.10678
kg
a. Total kg of H O in air before heating, per hour 
2

kg kg kgw
m w =mω1= 227 ( hr)(
0.08156
kg )
=18.51
hr

b. Final kg of H O in air when discharged, per hour

2

kg kg kgw
m w =mω3= 227 ( hr)(
0.10678
kg )
=24.24
hr

c. Water evaporated from material in drier, kg/hr

kg kg kg kgw
m we =m ( ω 3−ω 2 )= 227 ( hr )(
0.10678 −0.08156
kg kg )
=5.72494
hr

d. Relative humidity of air leaving drier 

Psat @59 ° C=19.0295 kPa

kg
P 3=
ω 3 Pt
=
( 0.10678 ) ( 101.325 kPa )
kg
=14.89 kPa
0.622+ω 3 kg
0.622+ 0.10678
kg
Ps3 14.89 kPa
Ø= = =0.7825∨78.25 %
Pd 3 19.0295 kPa

e. Dew point of air leaving drier

Saturation temperature @14.89 kPa = 53.84 °C

f. Percentage of saturation of air leaving drier 

Pt−P d 3 101.325 kPa−19.0295 kPa
u3= Ø3
[ Pt −Ps 3 ]
=0.7825 [
101.325 kPa−14.89 kPa ]
= 0.7450∨74.50 %

g. Number of liters per minute of air before drying. 

ω 2=
( 0.662 ) Ps 2
; P2=
( 0.08156 kgkg ) ( 101.325 kPa ) =11.75 kPa
Pt −P 2 kg
0.622+ 0.08156
kg
KJ
v 2=
RT
=
( 0.278
kg∗K )
(389.85 K )
=1.25
m 3

P−Pv 2 101.325 kPa−11.75 kPa kg

kg m3 m3 1L
(
v 2=m v 2= 227
hr )(
1.25
kg )
=283 ∗
hr 0.001m3 ( () 601mins
hr
)=4729.17 L/min
3. Compute the quantity of fuel oil required by a rotary sand dryer when the desired hourly
output is 10 metric tons with 1.0% moisture from a wet sand feed having 6% moisture. Heating
value of the fuel is 40,133 kJ per liter. Thermal efficiency of dryer=60%. Temperature of the wet
sand, 29.4oC. Specific heat of sand=0.879 kJ/kg-K.
Given: XA= 0.06 e = 60%
XB= 0.01 Twet sand= 29.4 C
kj kj
HHV= 40,133 Cp sand= 0.879
L kg K

Air

Tsand = 29.4 C
DRYER HEATER

F = 10,000 kg/h XF = 0.01

XI = 0.06

Solution:
MB= XB (GWB)
kg
=0.01 (10,000 )
hr
kg
MB=100
hr
BDW = GWB – MB
kj kj
= 10,000 – 100
kg kg
kg
BDW = 9,900
hr

BDW
GWA =
1−X A
kg
9900
= hr
1−0.06
kg
GWA = 10,531.9149
hr

MA = XA (GWA)
kg
= 0.06 (10,531.9149 )
hr
kg
MA = 631.9149
hr

MR = MA - MB
kg kg
= 631.9149 – 100
hr hr
kg
MR = 531.9149
hr

Sensible heat to raise temperature of water @ 29.4 C to 100 C

from steam table: hfg @ 29.4 C = 2431.24 kj/kg
Q1 = Hfg (MR)
kj kg
= (2431.24 ) (531.9149 )
kg hr
kj
Q1 = 1,293,212.781
hr
Latent heat to raise the temperature of water from 29.4 C to 100 C
Q2 = MR Cp water T
kg kj
= (531.9149 ) (4.18 ) (100 - 29.4) K
hr kg . K

kj
Q2 = 156,972.34
hr

Latent heat to vaporize the moisture from 29.4 C to 100 C

Q3 = MB Cp water T
kg kj
= (100 ) (4.18 ) (100 - 29.4) K
hr kg . K
kj
Q3 = 29,510.8
hr

Sensible heat to raise temperature of sand from 29.4 C to 100 C

Q4 = MR Cp sand T
kg kj
= (531.9149 ) (0.879 ) (100-29.4) K
hr kg . K
kj
Q4 = 33,009.26
hr

Total heat requirement of the system

QT= Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4
kj kj kj kj
= 1,293,212.781 + 156,972.34 + 29,510.8 + 33,009.26
hr hr hr hr
kj
QT = 1,512,705.181
hr

QT
=
m f (HHV )
 kj
1,512,705.181
hr
0.6=
kj
m f (40,133 )
L
L
m f = 62.82
hr

5.) A dryer is to deliver 1000 kg/hr of palay with a final moisture content of 10%. The initial
moisture content in the feed is 15% at atmospheric conditions with 32oC db and 21oC wb. The
dryer is maintained at 45oC while the relative humidity of the hot humid air from the dryer is
80%. If the stream pressure supplied to the heater is 2 MPa, determine the following:

a. Palay Supplied to the dryer in kg/hr

b. Temperature of the hot humid air from the dryer
c. Air supplied to the dryer in m3/hr
d. Heat supplied by the heater in KW
e. Steam supplied to the heater in kg/h

Given:

kg
GWpalay= 1000
hr
Xfinal= 10%= 0.1
Xinitial= 15%= 0.15

Air
TDB = 32 C

80% RH TWB = 21 C
DRYER HEATER

F = 1,000 kg/h XF = 0.10

XI = 0.15

@ TDB1 = 32 C; 21 C = TWB1

W1 = 0.0115 kg H2O / kg d.a

@ 45 C TDB2; W2 = W1 = 0.0115 kg H2O / kg d.a

TWB2 = 23. 61 C = TWB3

V2 = 0.918 m3/kg

@ 23.61 C; 80 % RH

TDB3 = 26.68 C

W3 = 0.0172 kg H2O/ kg d.a

Required:
kg
a.) Gross Weight (GWa) of Palay supplied to the dryer in
hr
b.) T3 (Temperature of the hot humid air from the dryer)
m3
c.) Vair (Air supplied to the dryer in )
hr
d.) Qinput (heat supplied by the heater in kW)
kg
e.) Steam Requirement to the heater in
hr
Solution:
kg
a.) Gross Weight (GWa) of Palay supplied to the dryer in
hr

GWB = 1,000 kg/hr

MB = XF (GWB)
= 0.10 (1,000 kg/hr)

MB = 100 kg/hr
BDW= GWpalay – MBmoisture
kg kg
= 1000 – 100
hr hr

kg
BDW=900
hr
kg
900
GWA= hr
1−0.15

kg
GWA= 1058.8235
hr
 MA = Xi (GWA)
= (0.15) (1058.8235) kg/h
MA
kg
MA= 158.8235
hr
MR = MA - MB
= (158.8235 – 100) kg/h

kg
MR= 58.8235
hr
b.) From psychrometric chart @ 45 C and W2 = W1 = 0.0115 kg H2O/ kg d.a = Twb2 = 23.61
C. @23.61 C = Twb2; 80% RH

TDB3 = 26.68 C

m3
c.) Air supplied to the dryer in
hr
Mremoved=ma(W3-W2)

MR 58.8235 kg /hr
MA = =
W 3−W 2 (0.0172−0.0115)
MA = 10,319.91 kg d.a /h

@ psychrometric chart, specific volume f dry air entering the dryer, W1 = 0.0115 kg
H20 /kg d.a, 32 C = TDB
VW = 0.8775 m3 air/ kg d.a
Air supplied to the dryer,
Vair = MA (VW)
= (10,319.91 kg/hr) (0.8775 m3/kg)
VAir = 9,055.7210 m3/h

d.) QAir = MA Cp ∆ T
= (10,319.0123 kg/hr) (1.005 kj/kg.k) (318 – 305)k
= 134,829.6542 kj/h (1 h/3600 sec)
QAir = 37.50 kj/s or 38 kW

kg
e.) Steam Requirement to the heater in
hr

QAir = 38kW
@2Mpa
Hfg = 1890.7 kj/kg
38 kj/s 3,600 s
Msteam = ( )
1890.7 kj/kg 1hr
kg
MS=72.354
hr