Getting Along With Others: Biggest
Getting Along With Others: Biggest
Getting Along With Others: Biggest
preview
A FRAME YOUR IDEAS Read about some common
shortcomings. Rate each person according to the scale: A = Sounds just like me!
B = Sounds a bit like me.
C = Doesn’t sound like me at all!
What’s your
biggest shortcoming?
Martin Lena Ricardo
“I wish I weren’t so “You know what my problem is? “I admit I’m a bit oversensitive. I tend
disorganized. My I’m a procrastinator! I’m to overreact to things people
bedroom’s always a always putting things off say to me—I think I’m
mess. I can’t remember and waiting till the last being criticized when
where I’ve put anything. minute to do things. Then people are just trying
The way I’m doing things I go into a panic worrying to help. It really doesn’t
is just not working about whether or not take much to get me
for me.” I’ll be able to finish upset about stuff.”
on time.”
Paul Sophie
“I’m sure I’m too hot-tempered. “I know I’m too negative. I’m always
I get angry way too easily. It focusing on the bad rather than the
doesn’t take much to set me good. And I’m way too critical of
off. But I’ve been trying to others. My husband, though, is just
change that.” the opposite!”
Jean Trevor
“My husband says I’m too controlling— “My biggest shortcoming is that I’m
and he’s probably right. I complain a perfectionist. No matter what I do,
when he doesn’t do things my way. I’m not satisfied. I just don’t think it’s
I’m sure it drives him crazy! good enough. My attitude really gets
in my way.”
Mike: Wait till you hear this … Sam lost his cool again at Jaya: That’s right. It must have been hard for
the status meeting! everyone at the meeting to just pick up the
Jaya: Oh, please. He’s always angry about something. So pieces afterwards and go on as if nothing
what set him off this time? had happened. I’ll bet it was really awkward.
Mike: You know how Rob always waits till the last minute to Mike: Totally. But it’s Sam who should feel
do the sales report? Well, Sam made a big issue out of it. awkward. What bothers me the most is that
When Rob tried to defend himself, Sam told him off—in he has no clue how he affects other people.
front of everyone.
Jaya: That’s awful! You know, even if Rob starts things late,
he always finishes on time. I don’t see what the big deal is.
Mike: But you know Sam. If there’s anything he hates, it’s
procrastination. I’m sure he wanted to make an example
out of Rob.
Jaya: Well, it sounds like he went overboard. He could have
just brought it up privately with Rob after the meeting.
Mike: Good point. But, all things considered, Rob took it
pretty well. He knows Sam’s just hot-tempered.
Jaya: If only he’d just stop and think first before having one
of his outbursts! Instead, everyone always has to walk on
eggshells wondering who’s going to be next.
Mike: I agree. Between you and me, I think Sam’s been
under a lot of pressure lately from his boss. But that’s no
excuse to take it out on someone else.
F UNDERSTAND IDIOMS AND EXPRESSIONS Find these expressions in Spotlight. Complete each statement.
1 If you “lose your cool,” you . 6 If someone gets angry at you and you “take it
a get angry b are worried well,” you are by it.
2 If something “sets you off,” it . a not very affected b very affected
a makes you angry b relaxes you 7 If you “walk on eggshells,” you make
someone angry.
3 If someone “makes a big issue out of” something,
he or she it. a try to b are careful not to
a enjoys talking about 8 If you feel stressed and “take it out on” a friend,
b calls too much attention to you might need to apologize to that person
for .
4 If you “tell someone off,” you are expressing your
to that person about his or her behavior. a being stressed b acting angry
a anger b appreciation 9 If you try to “pick up the pieces” after an
5 If something bothers you and you “bring it up” argument, you try to .
with someone, you want to . a re-establish a friendly atmosphere
a discuss it b avoid discussing it b understand someone’s point of view
G THINK AND EXPLAIN With a partner, discuss the questions and explain your answers. Answers will vary but may
include the following:
1 Why does Jaya think the other people at the meeting must have felt uncomfortable?
Jaya has witnessed Sam’s outbreaks before. She imagines that after seeing Sam yell at Rob, it could not have been easy to have
2 Why do you think Rob wasn’t upset about the situation? the meeting continue normally.
Rob seems very easygoing. He knows that Sam is hot-tempered, so he didn’t take the attack personally.
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LESSON
GOAL Discuss how to overcome shortcomings
A 2:17 GRAMMAR SPOTLIGHT Read about the workshops. Notice the spotlighted grammar.
SELF-HELP
FOR THE Practical workshops to help you reach your goals!
B PAIR WORK Do you think people can really overcome their shortcomings? Why or why
not? Which of the workshops would you personally find the most useful? Explain.
DIGITAL
INDUCTIVE C GRAMMAR ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION
ACTIVITY
Use even if or whether or not in an adverb clause to express the fact that no matter what the
condition, there is no way to affect or change an event or situation.
Even if I have plenty of time to finish a project, I still wait till the last minute to begin.
(= No matter what, I wait till the last minute.)
She would have been late for the meeting even if she had set her alarm.
(= No matter what, she would have been late.)
Whether or not anyone says anything to her about it, Kyla’s desk is always a disorganized mess.
(= No matter what, her desk is always a mess.)
We would have been uncomfortable at the meeting whether or not he had lost his cool.
(= No matter what, we would have been uncomfortable.)
Use only if to express the fact that a certain condition is necessary in order for something Remember: The unreal
to happen or to be true. If the adverb clause comes first, invert the subject and verb conditional with if only
(or auxiliary) in the independent clause and do not use a comma. expresses a wish for a
Nina will be happy at her job only if she learns to say no to her boss. OR particular condition (or a
strong regret).
Only if Nina learns to say no to her boss will she be happy at her job. If only I were more
organized, I’d get a lot
Use unless to express the consequence of an action or lack of action. (Note: unless = more done.
(= I wish I were OR I regret
if … not) that I’m not)
Unless he writes himself a note, he’ll forget to pay his bills.
(= If he doesn’t write himself a note, he will forget to pay his bills.)
We told him we wouldn’t come to the meeting unless he apologized for his outburst.
(= We told him we wouldn’t come to the meeting if he didn’t apologize.)
Note: You can also use the transition word Otherwise at the beginning of a sentence to
express the consequences of an action or a lack of action.
He needs to write himself a note. Otherwise, he’ll forget to pay his bills. GRAMMAR BOOSTER p. 133
I always set my alarm for 7:00 A.M. on weekdays. Otherwise, I’m late for school. More conjunctions and transitions
40 UNIT 4
D UNDERSTAND THE GRAMMAR Choose the statement with the same meaning.
DIGITAL
MORE
EXERCISES
1 I find it difficult to remember my appointments unless I put a reminder on my smart phone.
a If I don’t put a reminder on my smart phone, I find it difficult to remember my appointments.
b If I don’t put a reminder on my smart phone, I don’t find it difficult to remember my appointments.
2 Even if she tries not to be controlling, her friends still think she is.
a Her friends find her to be controlling, no matter what she does.
b Her friends find her to be controlling unless she tries not to be.
3 Only if he takes a workshop about procrastination will Martin stop putting things off.
a Unless Martin takes a workshop, he won’t stop putting things off.
b
b Whether or not Martin takes a workshop, he won’t stop putting things off.
4 Whether or not you apologize, some people always have a hard time picking up the
pieces after you tell them off.
a It’s always difficult to pick up the pieces after being told off, even if you receive an apology.
b It’s never difficult to pick up the pieces after being told off if you receive an apology.
5 You should try not to overreact when your manager criticizes your work. Otherwise,
you might lose your job.
a Unless you try to stop overreacting to your manager’s criticisms, you might lose your job.
b No matter how you react to your manager’s criticisms, you might lose your job.
A NOTEPADDING Look at page 38 again and choose three of the people’s shortcomings.
On your notepad, suggest how to overcome each shortcoming.
come it
Your suggestions for how to over
What is the shortcoming?
1. Ricardo is oversensitive. try not to overreact
t to be helpful
remember that most people just wan
2.
3.
DIGITAL
VIDEO B DISCUSSION ACTIVATOR Discuss the shortcomings on your Whether or not you have a good
notepads and other ways you think someone could overcome them. reason to be angry, you should try
Use adverb clauses of condition. Say as much as you can. not to take it out on someone else.
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LESSON
GOAL Acknowledge inconsiderate behavior
DIGITAL
INDUCTIVE A GRAMMAR CLEFT SENTENCES: REVIEW AND EXPANSION
ACTIVITY
Cleft sentences with What
Remember: A cleft sentence emphasizes an action or a result. You can form a cleft
sentence using a noun clause with What as the subject + a form of be. Be sure the form
of be agrees with its complement.
What bothers me is getting interrupted when I’m speaking.
What surprised me were the many “thank you” e-mails I received.
Cleft sentences with What often have a subject complement that is a noun clause. If so,
always use a singular form of be.
What bothered me the most was (that) you didn’t even apologize.
GRAMMAR BOOSTER p. 134
What was surprising was (that) she had completely cleaned up her desk.
Cleft sentences: more on
What I mean is (that) I wish I hadn’t lost my cool. meaning and use
What I’m trying to say is (that) I’m really sorry.
Cleft sentences with It
A cleft sentence with the impersonal It emphasizes a noun or noun phrase. Use a noun
clause with who or that.
Valerie decided to have a talk with her boss. It was Valerie who decided to have a talk with her boss.
Jack’s outbursts make people uncomfortable. It’s Jack’s outbursts that make people uncomfortable.
DIGITAL
MORE
EXERCISES
B NOTICE THE GRAMMAR Look at Spotlight on page 39.
Find and underline two types of cleft sentences in the last paragraph.
But it’s Sam who should feel awkward. What bothers me the most is that he has no clue how he affects other people.
C 2:18 LISTEN TO ACTIVATE GRAMMAR Listen to the conversations.
Then listen again and complete each statement.
1 It was her that he wanted to bring up.
a missing the meeting b not finishing the project
2 What bothered him was that Simon .
a lost his cool b refused to apologize
3 It was his that made her decide to talk with him.
a apologizing for his mistake b interrupting her meeting
4 What’s surprising to him is that the two women .
a are such good friends b had such a bad argument
5 It was his that upset her.
a constant criticism b refusing to listen to her
D GRAMMAR PRACTICE Combine each pair of sentences by writing a cleft sentence with
What and a noun clause subject complement.
Example: People tell me I’m too controlling. That has always surprised me.
What has always surprised me is that people tell me I’m too controlling.
1 My boss always criticizes me. That makes me kind of angry.
What makes me kind of angry is that my boss always criticizes me.
2 Most people tell lies to protect the ones they love. That fascinates me.
What fascinates me is that most people tell lies to protect the ones they love.
42 UNIT 4
4 My manager and I get along really well. That’s nice.
What’s nice is that my manager and I get along really well.
5 It’s been great working with you. That’s what I’ve always wanted to tell you.
What I’ve always wanted to tell you is that it’s been great working with you.
6 I wish you would try to control your anger. That’s what I mean.
What I mean is that I wish you would try to control your anger.
E GRAMMAR PRACTICE Write cleft sentences with It, emphasizing the underlined
noun phrase.
Example: The way she talks to people is so offensive.
It ’s the way she talks to people that ’s so offensive.
1 Nancy’s negative attitude prevents her from accepting any suggestions.
It’s Nancy’s negative attitude that prevents her from accepting any suggestions.
2 The final workshop can give you some ideas for getting more organized.
It’s the final workshop that can give you some ideas for getting more organized.
DIGITAL
VIDEO C CONVERSATION ACTIVATOR Create Some possible problems don’t stop!
DIGITAL a similar conversation, acknowledging being late • Explain the problem in greater
SPEAKING missing a meeting detail and how you felt about it.
BOOSTER someone’s criticism. Start like this: There’s
losing one’s cool • Offer to make up for it.
something I need to bring up. Be sure to being too critical • Say as much as you can.
change roles and then partners. not apologizing
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3
LESSON
GOAL Explain how you handle anger
DIGITAL
STRATEGIES A 2:21 LISTENING WARM-UP VOCABULARY EXPRESSING AND CONTROLLING ANGER
Read and listen. Then listen again and repeat.
“I lost my temper.” “When I’m angry about something, “When I lose my cool, I take a deep
I prefer to just hold it in.” breath and try to calm down.”
let it go / shrug it off decide let off steam get rid of your anger in vent talk with someone you
not to be bothered by something a way that does not harm anyone; for trust in order to express
example, by doing something active your anger at someone else
B PERSONALIZE THE VOCABULARY Use the expressions to tell about a time when
you controlled your anger or lost control of it. What do you usually do to let off
steam? Is there someone in particular who you can vent to when you’re angry?
DIGITAL
STRATEGIES C 2:22 LISTEN TO SUMMARIZE THE MAIN IDEA Listen to the interviews. On a separate
sheet of paper, write a summary in one or two sentences about the purpose of the interview.
See page T44 for answers.
D 2:23 LISTEN TO INFER INFORMATION Listen again and check the correct statements.
A FRAME YOUR IDEAS Discuss each situation with a partner. How similar is your behavior
to your partner’s? Describe how you would express or control your anger. Use the
Vocabulary in your discussion.
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4
LESSON
GOAL Explore the qualities of friendship
DIGITAL
STRATEGIES B 2:24 READING Read the article. Which qualities of
friendship do you think are the most important?
See page T46 for answers.
C UNDERSTAND MEANING FROM CONTEXT Find the words and expressions in the article.
Use the context of the article to complete each statement.
1 When a friendship can “stand the test of time,” it as people change and get older.
a continues b becomes more difficult
2 When you “count on people” to do something, you .
a worry whether they will do it b feel sure they will do it
3 When someone “cheers you on,” he or she is of your efforts.
a supportive b critical
4 When “times are tough,” things are .
a going well b difficult
5 When you know what “makes someone tick,” you understand .
a how he or she thinks and responds to things b that he or she likes you
6 When people are friends “through thick and thin,” their friendship .
aa can survive good times and bad times b may be in trouble
7 When someone “lets you have it,” he or she .
a is being very critical b is being very supportive
46 UNIT 4
8 When someone “sticks up for you,” he or she .
a defends you against criticism b criticizes you honestly
9 When friends “stick by you,” they .
a are always loyal to you b tell you off
10 When someone “keeps things bottled up inside,” he or she to talk about
uncomfortable feelings such as anger.
a is willing b isn’t willing
D APPLY IDEAS Discuss what a good friend would do in response to each situation, waccording to the
information in the article. Explain your answers. See page T47 for answers.
1 You get a new job at twice your current salary. 3 You’re unhappy about something, but you haven’t
told anyone about it yet.
4 You lose your temper with your friend.
5 A colleague criticizes you when you’re not around.
2 You tell your friend a really dumb joke. 6 You and your friend have a disagreement.
E RELATE TO PERSONAL EXPERIENCE Work in pairs. Using the four qualities of a good
DIGITAL friendship in the article as examples, share personal examples of your friendships that
EXTRA
CHALLENGE illustrate each quality.
B DISCUSSION How would you rate your friendships in general? All things considered, in
what ways would you say you’re a good friend to your friends? Explain your answers and
give examples.
How I’d generally rate my friends How I’d rate myself as a friend
poor average excellent poor average excellent
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WRITING Transitional topic sentences
WRITING MODEL
A WRITING SKILL Study the rules.
For an effective solution to proc
rastination,
Remember: Transition words and subordinating I suggest using the daily calendar
on your
conjunctions link ideas within and between sentences. smartphone. It can be used to brea
k up the
steps essential to completing a larg
They can also be used in a paragraph’s topic sentence to er task
into smaller tasks. That way it is easi
connect the paragraph to the one that precedes it. er to keep
things moving forward. It also allow
s you to
The following words and phrases can be used as check off the smaller tasks as they
are finished,
transitions to announce the content of a new paragraph: which motivates you by providing
a feeling of
accomplishment.
To add information Furthermore, using a smartphone
Furthermore, it’s very convenient. calendar is not really all that diffi
cult.
You can use the calendar that’s alrea
Moreover, it’s very convenient. dy
installed, or you can download an
app for
More importantly, it’s very convenient. that purpose. Instructions are easi
ly available
online, and they are usually very
clear.
To contrast information
Nevertheless, using a smartph
one
Even though it’s convenient, it’s not for everyone. calendar does take some getting
used to.
Although it’s convenient, it’s not for everyone. It may require some time to learn
how to use
it, but the calendar will make your
Despite the fact that it’s convenient, it’s not for everyone. work easier.
Without a calendar, it is far too easy
to simply
Nevertheless, it’s not for everyone. forget about what needs to be don
e. With one,
On the other hand, it’s not for everyone. it is easy to keep track of your prog
ress. If your
teacher or manager asks question
However, it’s not for everyone. s, you have
a record you can refer to. This incre
ases your
confidence. I believe the calendar
is one of
the best ways to convert procrasti
nation into
B PRACTICE Rewrite these transitional topic sentences from effective organization.
the Writing Model, using other words and phrases to announce
the content of the new paragraph. (Note: You may have to
make other changes in the sentence.) Answers will vary but may include the following:
Furthermore, using a smartphone calendar is not really all that difficult.
1 More importantly, using a smartphone calendar is not really all that difficult .
2 Moreover, using a smartphone calendar is not really all that difficult .
Nevertheless, using a smartphone calendar does take some getting used to.
3 Even though it’s not difficult, using a smartphone calendar does take some getting used to .
4 Although it’s easy, using a smartphone calendar does take some getting used to .
5 Despite the fact that it’s not difficult, using a smartphone calendar takes some getting used to .
6 On the other hand, using a smartphone calendar does take some getting used to .
7 However, using a smartphone calendar does take some getting used to .
DIGITAL
WRITING C APPLY THE WRITING SKILL Write a three-paragraph essay presenting a solution to
PROCESS
a common shortcoming. In paragraph one, introduce the solution. Use transitional
topic sentences to link the content of the second and third paragraphs.
SELF-CHECK
48 UNIT 4