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TOEFL STRUCTURE
S T R AT E G I M E N A K L U K K A N T E S T O E F L
STRUCTURE & WRITTEN
EXPRESSIONS

Ms.Widdy Wijanti
widdy.sampoerna@gmail.com
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YouTube: Kunci Inggris
 SECTION
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STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSIONS
Part 1 Part 2
Q1 – 15 Q16 – 40
15 minutes 10 minutes
• Incomplete sentences • Complete sentences
• Four options containing four words or • Four underlined words or phrases: Parts of
phrases: Parts of Speech speech
• Choose one word or phrase that best • Choose one word or phrase that is wrong in
completes the sentence that sentence
• “Find the correct word/phrase” • “Find the wrong word/phrase”

Best Strategy: Master the difference of parts of speech

Ms.Widdy Wijanti
widdy.sampoerna@gmail.com
2 2
YouTube: Kunci Inggris https://edupacindonesia.com/inilah-perbedaan-4-jenis-toefl-yang-wajib-diketahui/
Parts of Master
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1 . N o u n s : c h i c k e n , l o v e , t e a m , f i s h , s h e e p , s u g a r, k n o w l e d g e , e t c
2 . P r o n o u n s : h e , s h e , i t , I , y o u , w e , t h e y, m e , h e r, h i m , t h e m , t h e i r
3 . Ve r b s : g i v e , w a l k , l i e , l a y, b e c o m e , h a v e , g e t , e t c .
4. Adjectives: white, small, tall, beautiful, clean, creative, etc.
5 . A d v e r b s : l o v e l y, b e a u t i f u l l y, v e r y, r e a l l y, e t c .
6. Prepositions: in, on, at, of, from, about, etc.
7 . C o n j u n c t i o n s : FA N B O Y S , a l t h o u g h , w h e n , w h i l e , e t c .
8 . A r t i c l e s / D e t e r m i n e r s : a , a n , t h e , s o m e , m o s t , m a n y, m u c h , e t c
9. Interjections *: Ouch!, Aw!, Hi!

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h t t p s : / / w w w. t h o u g h t c o . c o m / p a r t - o f - s p e e c h - e n g l i s h - g r a m m a r - 1 6 9 1 5 9 0
Parts of Master
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Part of Speech Function Example Words Example Sentences
Noun thing or person pen, dog, work, music, This is my dog. He lives in my house. We live in London.
town, London
Verb action or state (to) be, have, do, like, EnglishClub is a website. I like EnglishClub.
work, sing, can, must
Adjective describes a noun good, big, red, well, My dogs are big. I like big dogs.
interesting
Determiner limits or ‘determines’ a a/an, the, 2, some, I have two dogs and some rabbits.
noun many
Adverb describes a verb, quickly, silently, well, My dogs eats quickly. When he is very hungry, he eats really
adjective or adverb badly, very, really quickly.
Pronoun replaces a noun I, you, she, he, them, Tara is Indian. She is beautiful.
their, her, him
Preposition links a noun to to, at, after, in, on, of We went to school on Monday.
another word
Conjunction joins clauses or and, but, when I like dogs and I like cats.
sentences or words
Interjection* short exclamation, Oh! Ouch! That hurts!
sometimes inserted Ouch! Hi! How are you?
into a sentence Hi! Well, I don’t know.

h t t p s : / / w w w . e n g l i s h c l u b . c o m / g r a m m a r / p a r t s - o f - s p e e c h4. h4 t m
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Parts of Speech Sample

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What are the steps to answer Q1-Q15?
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Step 1. Check whether the sentence has a subject and a verb
Step 2. Check which part of speech that is missing
Step 3. Adjust the appropriate tenses used by the sentence
Step 4. Check the Subject-Verb Agreement
He/She/It/Singular Nouns + has
They/Some people/Mass Nouns + have
Step 5. If in the sentence you find 2 verbs, you have to
make sure that there is a connector because it is a complex
sentence.
A power failure occurred, __________ the lamps went out.
Step 6. If in the sentence you find 1 or 2 commas, you have
to be aware that it is a compound/complex sentence.
A power failure occurred, __________ the lamps went out.
Step 7. Find the most appropriate choice to complete the sentence. 6 6
 What are the steps to answer Q16-Q40?
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Step 1. Check all the underlined words
Step 2. Identify the parts of speech
Step 3. Check the neighbors of the underlined words
Step 4. Check whether the neighbors are the correct match

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ClickGrammar
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Skill 1: Be sure the sentence has a subject and a verb
Skill 2: Be careful of Objects of Prepositions Skill 4: Be careful of Present Participles

Skill 3: Be careful of Appositives

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Skill 5: Be careful of Past Participles

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Review Skills 1-5

1. Check Subject-Verb
2. Check parts of speech
3. Check tenses
4. Check connectors

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Review Skills 1-5

1. Check Subject-Verb
2. Check parts of speech
3. Check tenses
4. Check connectors

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The Grammar
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Skill 6: Use Coordinate Connectors correctly

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The Grammar
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Skill 7: Use Adverb Time and Cause Connectors correctly

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The Grammar
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Skill 8: Use Other Adverb Connectors correctly

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Review Skills 6-8

1. Check Subject-Verb
2. Check parts of speech
3. Check tenses
4. Check connectors

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Skill 9: Use Noun Clause Connectors correctly (1)

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Skill 9: Use Noun Clause Connectors correctly (2)

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Skill 10: Use Adjective Clauses correctly (1)

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Skill 10: Use Adjective Clauses correctly (2)

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Skill 11: Use Reduced Clauses correctly (1)

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Skill 11: Use Reduced Clauses correctly (2)

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Skill 12: Invert the Subject and Verb (1)

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Skill 12: Invert the Subject and Verb (2)

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Skill 12: Invert the Subject and Verb (3)

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Skill 12: Invert the Subject and Verb (4)

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Skill 12: Invert the Subject and Verb (5)

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 1. Check Subject-Verb
2. Check parts of speech
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Review Skills 1-12 4. Check connectors

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 1. Check Subject-Verb
2. Check parts of speech
ClickGrammar
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Review Skills 1-12 4. Check connectors

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ClickGrammar
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Skill 1: Be sure the sentence has a subject and a verb
Skill 2: Be careful of Objects of Prepositions
Skill 3: Be careful of Appositives
Skill 4: Be careful of Present Participles
Skill 5: Be careful of Past Participles
Skill 6: Use Coordinate Connectors correctly
Skill 7: Use Adverb Time and Cause Connectors correctly
Skill 8: Use Other Adverb Connectors correctly
Skill 9: Use Noun Clause Connectors correctly
Skill 10: Use Adjective Clause Connectors correctly
Skill 11: Use Reduced Clauses correctly
Skill 12: Invert the Subject and Verb
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1. Check all the underlined words
2. Identify parts of speech of the underlined words
3. Check the neighbors of the underlined words
4. Check whether the neighbors are the correct match
5. Check whether there is connectors ‘and’/’or’

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Skill 1: Problems with Subject/Verb Agreement

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Skill 1: Problems with Subject/Verb Agreement (2)

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Skill 1: Problems with Subject/Verb Agreement (Practice)

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Skill 1: Problems with Subject/Verb Agreement (Practice)

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Skill 2: Problems with Parallelism (1)

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Skill 2: Problems with Parallelism (2)

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Skill 2: Problems with Parallelism (Practice)

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Skill 2: Problems with Parallelism (Practice)

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Skill 3: Problems with Comparatives and Superlatives (1)

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Skill 3: Problems with Comparatives and Superlatives (Practice)

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Skill 4: Problems with the Form of the Verb(1)

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Skill 4: Problems with the Form of the Verb(2)

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The Grammar Points asked in Part 2
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4: Problems withMaster title
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the Verb(3)

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5: Problems withMaster title style
Passive Verbs

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Skill 6: Problems with Nouns (1)

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6: Problems withMaster
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Skill 7: Problems with Pronouns (1)

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Skill 7: Problems with Pronouns (Practice)

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8: Problems withMaster
Adjectivestitle style (1)
and Adverbs

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8: Problems withMaster
Adjectivestitle style (2)
and Adverbs

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8: Problems withMaster
Adjectivestitle style (Practice)
and Adverbs

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8: Problems withMaster
Adjectivestitle style (Practice)
and Adverbs

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9: Problems withMaster title style
Articles (1)

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9: Problems withMaster title style
Articles (Practice)

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Articles (Practice)

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10: Problems Master title(1)style
Prepositions
http://bettertoeflscores.com/toefl-connecting-words-quizzes/10460/

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Skill 10: Problems with
Prepositions (2)

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10: Problems Master title(Practice)
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11: Problems Master
Usage (1)title style

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Usage (Practice)

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The Grammar Points asked in Part 2
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Usage (Practice)

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ClickGrammar
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Skill 1: Problems with Subject/Verb Agreement
Skill 2: Problems with Parallelism
Skill 3: Problems with Comparatives and Superlatives
Skill 4: Problems with the Form of the Verb
Skill 5: Problems with Passive Verbs
Skill 6: Problems with Nouns
Skill 7: Problems with Pronouns
Skill 8: Problems with Adjectives and Adverbs
Skill 9: Problems with Articles
Skill 10: Problems with Prepositions
Skill 11: Problems with Usage

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 http://bettertoeflscores.com/toefl-connecting-words-quizzes/10460/

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 Useful Links & Recommended Books
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to to edit
Study Master
Grammar title
for style
TOEFL
• http://bettertoeflscores.com/toefl-connecting-words-quizzes/10460/
• https://www.eslwriting.org/more-complex-sentence-drills-with-sentence-
combing/
• https://global-exam.com/blog/en/toefl-ibt-grammar-
nounsverbsadjectives-prepositions/
• https://www.examenglish.com/TOEFL/toefl_structure_1.htm
• https://www.learn4good.com/languages/toefl/toefl_stan_test1.htm
• https://www.grammarbank.com/toefl-practice-tests.html
• https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/toefl-grammar.php
• https://www.fluentu.com/blog/toefl/toefl-grammar-rules/
• https://www.ets.org/toefl_itp/content/sample_questions/level2_section2
_structure_written_expression
• https://www.test-guide.com/toefl/free-toefl-practice-tests/toefl-structure-
practice-test-1.html
• https://www.thoughtco.com/part-of-speech-english-grammar-1691590
• https://www.thoughtco.com/noun-in-grammar-1691442
• https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/verbs/

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