Hkkjrh; ekud IS 16720 : 2018

(Reaffirmed 0)
Indian Standard

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Pulverized Fuel Ash-Cement

Bricks — Specification

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ICS 91.100.10; 91.100.25

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© BIS 2018

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BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
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MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI-110002
www.bis.org.in www.standardsbis.in

April 2018 Price Group 4

Cement Matrix Products Sectional Committee, CED 53

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Cement
Matrix Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council.
Pulverized fuel ash is a byproduct from thermal power stations using pulverized coal as fuel. This national resource
can be gainfully utilized for manufacture of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks as a supplement to common burnt
clay building bricks leading to conservation of natural resources and improvement in environment quality.
Pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks are made from materials consisting of pulverized fuel ash in major quantity,
cement and other ingredients. These bricks are manufactured by mixing of various raw materials which are then
moulded into bricks and are demoulded when sufficiently hardened and then subjected to curing. While cement is
used as binder, in the process, the calcium hydroxide liberated during the hydration of cement reacts with pozzolanic

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portion of pulverized fuel ash in the presence of moisture results in secondary hydrated mineralogy akin to those
of cement hydration which gives additional strength to bricks.

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Pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks are suitable for use in masonry construction just like common burnt clay bricks.
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Production of these bricks has already started in the country. It is expected that this standard would help in quality
control and encourage their production and use on mass scale. This standard lays down the essential requirements
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of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks so as to achieve quality and uniformity in the manufacture of such bricks.
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The composition of the Committee responsible for formulation of this standard is given in Annex B.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value
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observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960
‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
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value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
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 IS 16720 : 2018

Indian Standard
PULVERIZED FUEL ASH-CEMENT BRICKS —
SPECIFICATION
1 SCOPE cement bricks shall be as follows (see Fig. 1A and Fig.1B):
This standard covers classification, dimensions, Length (L) Width (B) Height (H)
manufacture, physical requirements, sampling and mm mm mm
criteria of conformity of pulverized fuel ash-cement
bricks used in construction. 190 90 90
190 90 40
2 REFERENCES
4.1.2 The following non-modular sizes of the
The standards given in Annex A contain provisions which, pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks may also be used
through reference in this text, constitute provision of this (see Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B):
standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
were valid. All standards are subject to revision and Length (L) Width (B) Height (H)

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parties to agreements based on this standard are mm mm mm
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the 230 110 70

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most recent editions of these standards.
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230 110 30
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3 TERMINOLOGY 4.1.3 For obtaining proper bond arrangement in
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For the purpose of this standard, the following modular and non-modular bricks, bricks of suitable
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definitions shall apply. smaller size may also be manufactured for the
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purpose.
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3.1 Bricks — A masonry unit not exceeding 300 mm

in length, 150 mm in width or 100 mm in height. NOTE — By an agreement between the purchaser and the
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manufacturer, the pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks may be

3.2 Density — The quantity calculated by dividing the manufactured in other sizes also. The tolerance requirements of
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length, width and height shall remain the same as given in 4.2.
mass of a pulverized fuel ash-cement brick by the overall
volume, ignoring the volume of frog, if any. 4.2 Tolerance
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3.3 Frog — The depression made in one or both of 4.2.1 The dimensions of pulverized fuel ash-cement
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larger sides of bricks in order to form a key for the bricks when tested in accordance with 4.2.2 shall be
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mortar at the joints. within the following limits per 10 pulverized fuel ash-
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cement bricks:
4 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES
a) Length: ± 20 mm
4.1 Dimensions b) Width: ± 20 mm
4.1.1 The standard modular sizes of pulverized fuel ash- c) Height for individual bricks: ± 3 mm

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 1 SHAPE AND SIZE OF FROGS IN P ULVERIZED FUEL ASH-CEMENT BRICKS

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IS 16720 : 2018

4.2.2 Ten whole pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall 6 MATERIALS

be selected at random from the sample selected
The materials used shall conform to 6.1 to 6.5.
under 9. All loose particles and small projections shall
be removed from the pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks. 6.1 Pulverized Fuel Ash
They shall then be arranged on a level surface
successively as indicated in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B for Pulverized fuel ash shall conform to IS 3812 (Part 1)
measurement of length and width, respectively. The or IS 3812 (Part 2).
pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks are place in contact
6.2 Aggregates
with each other and in a straight line for the
measurement of length and width. The overall length 6.2.1 Fine aggregates used shall conform to IS 383.
of the assembled pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall
6.2.2 Coarse aggregates used shall conform to IS 383.
be measured with a steel tape or other suitable
The nominal maximum size of coarse aggregates used
inextensible measure sufficiently long to measure the
shall be passing 6.3 mm IS sieve.
whole row at one stretch. Measurement by repeated
application of short rule or measure shall not be 6.3 Cement
permitted. All these dimensions shall be added together.
However, height of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks Cement complying with any of the following Indian
shall be measured for individual bricks. Standards may be used:

4.3 The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall be solid a) Ordinary Portland cement, conforming to

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and may be without or with frog which, where provided, IS 269;

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shall be 10 mm to 20 mm deep on one of its larger sides b) Portland slag cement, conforming to IS 455;
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of bricks. Typical shape and size of the frog is given in c) Portland pozzalana cement: fly ash based,
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Fig. 1A or Fig. 1B. conforming to IS 1489 (Part 1);
d) Portland pozzolana cement: calcined clay
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5 CLASSIFICATION
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based, conforming to IS 1489 (Part 2);

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Pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall be classified on

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e) Sulphate resisting Portland cement,

the basis of average wet compressive strength as given conforming to IS 12330;
in Table 1.
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f) Supersulphated cement, conforming to

IS 6909;
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Table 1 Classes of Pulverized Fuel Ash — Cement

g) Rapid hardening Portland cement, conforming
Bricks
to IS 8041;
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(Clauses 5 and 8.4)

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h) White Portland cement, conforming to

Sl Class Designation Average 28-Day Wet
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IS 8042;
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No. Compressive Strength, Min

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j) Hydrophobic Portland cement, conforming to

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N/mm2
(1) (2) (3) IS 8043; and
i) 15 15 k) Composite cement, conforming to IS 16415.
ii) 12.5 12.5
iii) 10 10
6.4 Chemical Admixtures
iv) 7.5 7.5 Chemical admixtures, when used shall conform to
v) 5 5 IS 9103. Previous experience with and data on such

2A Measurement of Length

2B Measurement of Width
F IG. 2 MEASUREMENT OF TOLERANCES OF PULVERIZED F UEL ASH-CEMENT BRICKS

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 IS 16720 : 2018

materials should be considered in relation to the 8 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

specified standards of mechanization, supervision and
workmanship in production of pulverized fuel ash- 8.1 GENERAL
cement bricks. They may be added for specific Visually, the pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall be
requirements without affecting of specified quality sound, free from visible cracks, and uniform in shape
parameters. and colour. They shall have smooth rectangular faces
with sharp corners. Minor chipping remitting from
6.5 Water
customary method of handling during delivery shall not
The water used in production of pulverized fuel ash- be deemed ground for rejection.
cement bricks shall conform to the requirements
specified in IS 456. 8.2 Dimensions
The overall dimensions of the units when measured shall
6.6 Additives
be in accordance with 4 subject to the tolerances
Any suitable additive considered not detrimental to the mentioned therein.
durability of the pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks, such
as gypsum and lime may be used. 8.3 Density
The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks density when
7 MANUFACTURE
determined as per Annex C of IS 2185 (Part 1) shall

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7.1 The pulverized fuel ash cement-bricks should be have density between 1 100 kg/m3 and 2 000 kg/m3.
manufactured by mixing of cement, pulverized fuel ash,

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aggregate and water. Chemical admixtures may be 8.4 Compressive Strength
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added, if required. The brick shall have total pulverized
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The minimum average 28 day wet compressive strength

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fuel ash content not less than 35 percent of the mass of of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall not be less
bricks. Certificate shall be provided by the manufacturer,
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than the one specified for each class as per Table 1,

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wherever required indicating the percentage of when tested as described in IS 3495 (Part 1). The 28
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pulverized fuel ash in the brick.

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day wet compressive strength of any individual

pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall not fall below
7.2 Mixing
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the minimum average wet compressive strength

Batching of the ingredients should be done accurately specified for the corresponding class of pulverized fuel
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and mixing shall be done in a mechanical mixer to ash-cement bricks by more than 20 percent.
achieve homogeneous mix. Mixing shall be continued NOTE — In case any of the test results of wet compressive
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until there is a uniform distribution of the materials,

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strength exceed the minimum specified strength for the class, by

and the mass is uniform in colour and consistency. more than 25 percent, the same shall be limited to a value equal
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to 1.25 times the specified strength the class, for the purpose of
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7.3 Placing and Compaction averaging.

7.3.1 The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks may be 8.5 Drying Shrinkage
compacted in moulds by hydraulic or vibratory press
The average drying shrinkage of the pulverized fuel ash-
or hydraulic-cum-vibratory press, and finished to proper
cement bricks when tested by the method described in
size without broken edges.
IS 4139, being the average of three units, shall not
7.3.2 After demounding, the pulverized fuel ash- exceed 0.05 percent.
cement bricks shall be handled carefully to avoid
damage. The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall 8.6 Water Absorption
be protected until they are sufficiently hardened before The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks, when tested in
starting curing. accordance with the procedure laid down in IS 3495
(Part 2), after immersion in cold water for 24 h, shall
7.4 Curing
have average water absorption not more than 20 percent
7.4.1 The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks hardened by mass up to class 10, and 15 percent by mass for
in accordance with 7.3.2 shall then be cured as per 13.5 higher classes.
of IS 456 or by mist curing so as to achieve the specified
strength of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks. 9 SAMPLING

7.4.2 The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks hardened 9.1 Lot

in accordance with 7.3.2 may alternatively be cured by
A collection of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks of the
steam curing.
same class and size, manufactured under relatively

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IS 16720 : 2018

similar conditions of production shall constitute a lot. pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks to the test for water
For the purpose of sampling, a lot shall contain a absorption and later to the test for drying shrinkage.
maximum of 50 000 pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks. The remaining 1 pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall
In case a consignment has pulverized fuel ash-cement be reserved.
bricks more than 50 000 of the same classification and
size, and manufactured under relatively similar 10 CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY
conditions of production, it shall be divided into lots of 10.1 The lot shall be considered as conforming to the
50 000 pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks or part thereof. requirements of the specification, if the conditions
In case a consignment has pulverized fuel ash-cement mentioned in 10.2 to 10.4 are satisfied.
bricks less than 50 000 of the same classification and
size and manufactured under relatively similar 10.2 A lot shall be considered having found meeting
conditions of production per day, the total production the requirements of dimensions and tolerances, if none
of each day shall be taken as a lot. of the groups of bricks inspected fails to meet the
specified requirements.
9.2 The pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks required for
carrying out the tests laid down in this standard shall The number of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks with
be taken by one of the methods given in 9.3 and 9.4. In visual defects, among those inspected shall be not more
either case, a sample of 10 pulverized fuel ash-cement than two.
bricks shall be taken from every lot/consignment 10.3 For pulverized fuel ash-cement brick density, the
of 50 000 pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks or part

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mean value determined shall be greater than or equal
thereof or per day production as given in 9.1 from the to the minimum specified. For compressive strength,

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same class, size and same batch of manufacture. the average value and minimum individual value
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determined shall be greater than or equal to the value
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9.3 The required number of pulverized fuel ash-

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cement bricks shall be taken at regular intervals specified.
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during the loading of the vehicle or the unloading of 10.4 For water absorption, the mean value determined
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the vehicle depending on whether sample is to be shall be equal or less than maximum limit specified.
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taken before delivery or after delivery. When this is

not practicable, the sample shall be taken from the 11 MANUFACTURER’S CERTIFICATE
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stack in which case the required number of pulverized

The manufacturer shall satisfy himself that the
fuel ash-cement bricks shall be taken at random from
pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks conform to the
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across the top of the stacks, the sides accessible and

requirements of this standard and, if requested, shall
from the interior of the.stacks by opening trenches
supply a certificate to this effect to the purchaser or his
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from the top.

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representative.
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9.4 The sample of pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks

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12 MARKING
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shall be marked for future identification of the

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consignment it represents. The pulverized fuel ash- 12.1 Each pulverized fuel ash-cement brick shall be
cement bricks shall be kept under cover and protected marked (in the frog where provided) with an indication
from extreme conditions of temperature, relative of source of manufacture. In pulverized fuel ash-cement
humidity and wind until they are required for test. The bricks where frog is not provided, each pulverized fuel
tests shall be undertaken as soon as practicable after ash-cement bricks shall be marked on any of the faces.
the sample has been taken.
12.2 BIS Certification Marking
9.5 Number of Tests
The manufacturer may also use the Standard Mark.
9.5.1 All the 10 pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall
be checked for dimensions and inspected for visual 12.2.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by
defects. the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act,
1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder.
9.5.2 Out of the 10 pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks, The derails of conditions under which the licence for
3 pulverized fuel ash-cement bricks shall be subjected the use of the Standard Mark may be granted to
to the test for compressive strength, 3 pulverized fuel manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the
ash-cement bricks to the test for density and 3 Bureau of Indian Standards.

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 IS 16720 : 2018

ANNEX A
(Clause 2)
LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS

IS No. Title IS No. Title

269 : 2015 Specification for ordinary 3812 Specification for pulverized fuel
portland cement (sixth revision) ash
383: 2016 Specification for coarse and fine (Part 1) : 2013 For use as pozzolana in cement,
aggregates for concrete (third cement mortar and concrete (third
revision) revision)
455: 2015 Specification for portland slag (Part 2) : 2013 For use as admixture in cement
cement (fifth revision) mortar and concrete (third
456 : 2000 Code of practice for plain and revision)
reinforced concrete (fourth 4139 : 1989 Specification for calcium silicate
revision) bricks (second revision)
1489 Specification for portland 6909 : 1990 Specification for supersulphated
pozzolana cement cement (first revision)

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(Part 1) : 2015 Fly ash based (fourth revision) 8041: 1990 Specification for rapid hardening

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(Part 2) : 2015 Calcined clay based (fourth portland cement (second revision)
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revision) 8042 : 2015 Specification white portland
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1727 : 1967 Methods of test for pozzolanic cement (third revision )

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materials (first revision) 8043 : 1991 Specification for hydrophobic
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2185 (Part 1) : Specification for concrete masonry portland cement ( second revision)
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2005 Units: Part 1 Hollow and solid 9103 : 1999 Specification for concrete
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concrete blocks (third revision) admixtures (first revision)

3495 Methods of tests of burnt clay 12330 : 1998 Specification for sulphate resisting
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building bricks Portland cement

(Part 1) : 1992 Determination of compressive 16415 : 2015 Specification for composite
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strength (third revision) cement

(Part 2) : 1992 Determination of water absorption
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(third revision)
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IS 16720 : 2018

ANNEX B
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Cement Matrix Products Sectional Committee, CED 53

Organization Representative(s)

National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Ballabgarh SHRI V. V. ARORA (Chairman)
All India A.C. Pipe Manufacturers’ Association, Secunderabad SHRI N. KISHAN REDDY
SHRI P. S. KALANI (Alternate)
Ambuja Cements Ltd, Ahmedabad SHRI J. P. DESAI
SHRI B. K. JAGETIAYA (Alternate)
Asbestos Information Centre, New Delhi SHRI AAROON K. SETHI
SHRI JOHN NICODEMUS (Alternate)
Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi DR J. S. KAMYOTRA
SHRI P. K. GUPTA (Alternate)
Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization, REPRESENTATIVE

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New Delhi

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Central Public Works Department, New Delhi SHRI B. B. D HAR
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SHRI M ATHURA PRASAD (Alternate)
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CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee SHRI S. K. AGARWAL
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CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Center, Chennai SHRI P. S RINIVASAN

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DR B. H. BHARAT KUMAR (Alternate)

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Delhi Development Authority, New Delhi REPRESENTATIVE

Director General of Factory Advise Services and Labour Institute, DR CHAMPAK BHATTACHARYA
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Mumbai
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Engineers India Limited, New Delhi SHRI RAJANJI SRIVASTAVA

SHRI ANURAG SINHA (Alternate)
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Everest Industries Limited, New Delhi SHRI Y. SRINIVASA RAO

SHRI S. P. B OLAR (Alternate)
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Gammon India Ltd, Mumbai SHRI M ANISH M OKAL

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SHRI SUDEESH RAJENDRAN (Alternate)

HIL Limited, Hyderabad SHRI R PRADEEP KUMAR
SHRI D. SATYANARAYAN (Alternate)
Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd, New Delhi CHAIRMAN AND M ANAGING DIRECTOR
SHRI DEEPAK BANSAL (Alternate)
Military Engineer Service, Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army HQ, SHRI V. K. MANGLIK
New Delhi SHRI P. K. GUPTA (Alternate)
Ministry of Science & Technology, New Delhi SHRI CHANDER M OHAN
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, New Delhi REPRESENTATIVE
Municipal Corporation of Delhi, New Delhi SUPERINTENDENT ENGINEER (PLANNING)
EXECUTIVE ENGINEER (PLANNING ) (Alternate)
National Test House, Ghaziabad SHRI B. R. M EENA
SHRI ALOKE DE (Alternate)
Rural Electrification Corporation, New Delhi SHRI DINESH KUMAR
SHRI P. K. SINGHAL(Alternate)
Spun Pipes Manufacturer’s Association Maharashtra, Nanded SHRI C. Y. GAVHANE
SHRI D. N. JOSHI (Alternate)
Tamil Nadu Water Supply & Drainage, Chennai SHRI S. HARIRAMASAMY

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 IS 16720 : 2018

Organization Representative(s)

The Indian Hume Pipe Company, Mumbai SHRI P. R. BHAT

SHRI S. J. SHAH (Alternate)
BIS Directorate General SHRI SANJAY PANT, Scientist ‘E’ and Head (Civil Engg)
[Representating Director General (Ex-officio)]

Member Secretary
SHRI MANOJ K UMAR RAJAK
Scientist ‘C’ (Civil Engg), BIS

Precast Concrete Products, Subcommittee, CED 53:3

Organization Representative(s)
In Personal Capacity (C-2/2220, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi) SHRI SUDDHODAN ROY (Convener)
B. G. Shirke Construction Technology Pvt Ltd, Pune SHRI V. G. JANA
SHRI Y. P. KAJALE (Alternate)
Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi DIRECTOR (RE)
DEPUTY DIRECTOR (RE) (Alternate)

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Central Public Works Department, New Delhi SHRI B. B DHAR
SHRI PRASAD (Alternate)

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Central Soil and Materials Research Station, New Delhi SHRI N. CHANDER SHEKHARAN
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SHRI N. SHIV KUMAR (Alternate)
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CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee REPRESENTATIVE
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CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre,Chennai DR J. PRABHAKAR

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DR S. BHASKAR (Alternate)
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Delhi Development Authority, New Delhi SUPTDG ENGINEER (DESIGN-1)

EXECUTIVE ENGINEER (DESIGN-1) (Alternate)
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Gammon India Ltd, Delhi SHRI RATNAJI T. N. V. S

SHRI PRAKASH RAMACHANDRAN (Alternate)
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HIL Ltd, Hyderabad SHRI SHARAD DALMIA

DR D. SATYANARYANA (Alternate)
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Hindustan Prefab Ltd, New Delhi SHRI RAJESH GOEL

SHRI SATISH KUMAR JAIN (Alternate)
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Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd, New Delhi CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING DIRECTOR
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SHRI DEEPAK BANSAL (Alternate)

K. K. Manhole & Grating Co (P) Ltd, New Delhi SHRI P. S. GUPTA
SHRI C. G. GUPTA (Alternate)
Larsen & Toubro Ltd, Chennai SHRI S. R. KUMAR
SHRI STHALADIPTI SAHA (Alternate)
Maharashtra State Electricity Board, Mumbai SHRI C. B. RUNWAL
Medhavi Cement Products, Nanded SHRI CHANDRAKANT Y. GAVHANE
SHRI ABHIJIT C. GAVHANE (Alternate)
Military Engineer Service, Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch Army HQ, SHRI YASHWANT KUMAR
New Delhi SHRI K.G. DUA (Alternate)
Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi SHRI CHANDRA MOHAN
National Council for Cement & Building Material, Ballabgarh SHRI V. V. ARORA
SHRI SATISH SHARMA (Alternate)
Siporex India Pvt Ltd, Pune SHRI D. N. DHONGDE
SHRI D. V. KULKARNI (Alternate)
System Building Technologists, New Delhi SHRI G. B. SINGH
The Indian Hume Pipe Company Ltd, Mumbai SHRI P. R. BHAT
SHRI S. J. SHAH (Alternate)
The Institution of Engineers (India), Kolkata REPRESENTATIVE
U. P. Electricity Board, Lucknow CHIEF ENGINEER

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Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form
without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of

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‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.

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This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: CED 53 (8074).
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Amendments Issued Since Publication
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Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

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Headquarters:
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Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002

Telephones : 2323 0131, 2323 3375, 2323 9402 Website: www.bis.org.in

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