New Era University: Mathematics in The Modern World

New Era University
No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City 1107, Philippines

College of Accountancy
GECMMW-18 - Mathematics in the Modern World
2nd Semester 2020-2021
MODULE 3
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
Submitted by: Group 3 (1BSA-1)

Ice Voltaire B. Guiang (Leader)
Alexsandra Henrie O. Garcia
Renbie R. Saldaña
Reynir C. Salonga II
Emmanuel Jobe P. Ulang
Submitted to: Prof. De Guzman, Danilo
Lesson 1 INTRODUCTION TO PROBLEM SOLVING
3.2 Forum
Video: Problem Solving Through Perspective Change | Zara Tarter -How
can changing your perspective help you in solving math and real-life
problems?
Math and real-life problems are related. Changing your perspectives is a
great help in solving math and real-life problems. Changing your perspective
means you are trying for a different approach, and it means you’re trying to re-
evaluate what is the problem and how to solve a problem.
3.6 Video Problem Solving
After watching the video, you should be able to:
Discuss the four steps explained in this video (Polya’s 4 steps-problem
solving).
The Four Steps of problem solving are:
1. Identify the Problem.
 In Identify the Problem, understand what the problem is
asking. What do you need to find out?
 To easily understand it, read the problem carefully, you
may paraphrase the problem into your own words and, take
note of the important information.
2. Develop A Situation
 Decide on a strategy to use to solve the question. What
math skills do you need to use?
 You may draw a picture or diagram to visualize it and plan
to solve the problem.

3. Evaluate (Solution)
 Set up the appropriate math operations and formulas to
solve the problem.
 Show all your work, including the solutions. And use
appropriate figures in representation.
4. Assess your Answer.
 Check your answer to make sure it is correct.
 Review the problem, make sure you understand the
question and check for mathematical errors.
Solve the last two practice problems on your own using these steps.
Apply the four steps (step by step)
Question 1: Isabel worked 20 hours last week and earned $145.80. Adam
worked 15 hours last week and earned $112.50. How much more does
Adam earn per hour?
1. Identify the problem.
 The problem is how much more does Adam earned per hour
than Isabel if Adam worked at 15 hours on $112.50 while
Isabel worked at 20 hours on $145.80.
2. Develop A Solution
Work Hours Earnings Earnings
(W) € Per Hour
(E/W)
Isabel (X) 20 Hours $145.80 ?
Adam (Y) 15 Hours $112.50 ?
E
3. Evaluate (Solution): =Earnings per hour ; X ' s E /hour−Y ' s E /hour
W
$ 145.80 $ 112.50
Isabel: =$ 7.29/hour Adam: =$ 7.5/hour
20 hours 15 hours
X ' s Earning per hour −Y ' s Earning per hour
$ 7.5/hour−$ 7.29/hour =$ 0.21/hour
4. Assess your Answer.
Isabel: $ 7.29/hour∗20 hour =$ 145.80
Adam: $ 7.5/hour∗15 hour =$ 112.50
$ 7.5/hour−$ 7.29/hour =$ 0.21/hour
Adam earns $0.21 per hour more than Isabel.
Question 2: In the blueprint of a rectangular room, the length is 1 inch
more than three times the width. Find the dimensions if the perimeter is
26 inches.
1. Identify the Problem.
 First, we need to know the length and the width. Second, we
know the perimeter which is 26 inches. The formula for
perimeter is P = 2L + 2W.
w=x
2. Develop a Solution.
x=Width ; 3 x+ 1=Length
P=2 ( L ) +2(W ) L =3x+1
26=2 (3 x +1 ) +2( x)
3. Evaluation (Solution)
26=2 (3 x +1 ) +2( x) → 26=6 x+ 2+ 2 x → 26=8 x+ 2
24 8
2 4=8 x → = x → 3=x
8 8
x=3
Width = x = 3
Length = 3x+1= [3(3) + 1)] = 10
4. Assessing the Answer
P=2 ( L ) +2(W )
P=2 ( 10 ) +2(3)
P=2 0+ 6
P=26
3.7 Assessment (Group Problem Solving)
1. In a room with 10 people, everyone shakes hands with everybody else
exactly once. How many handshakes are there?
n!
C ( n , r ) =( n , r )=
[ r ! ( n−r ) ! ]
n= 10; r= 2
10! 10 !
= = 45
[ 2! ( 10−2 ) ! ] [ 2 ! 8 ! ]
There are 45 handshakes.
2. How many dots will there be in figure 49?

Formula: X n=[6+2 ( n−2 ) + X n−1 ] ; where n is the figure number
Solution:
X 49=[6+2 ( n−2 ) + X n−1 ]
X 49=[6+2 ( 49−2 ) + X 48]
X 49=[6+ 94+2450] → X 49=2550
Figure 49 will have 2550 dots.
3. Maria is 24 years old. Maria is twice as old as Anna was when Maria
was as old as Anna is now. How old is Anna?
Solution:
Present Past
Maria 24 x
Anna x 12
x−12=x −24
2 x=36
x=18
Anna is 18 years old now.

Lesson 2 INDUCTIVE REASONING
4.2 Forum
Video: Can you solve the prisoner hat riddle? by Alex Gendler- How
does this riddle relate to inductive reasoning?
We use inductive reasoning when we draw a general conclusion from
experiments or observations. It is related because the strategy used are
applicable to any combination or pattern of hats. The first prisoner has a 50%
chance of giving a right answer, however, the parity information he conveys
allows other prisoners to guess their hat with absolute certainty.
4.6 Assessment
In this activity, each group will investigate the possible flaws in
inductive reasoning by analyzing the following news report of studies.
4.7 Assessment
In this activity, each group will investigate the possible flaws in
inductive reasoning by analysing the following news report of studies.
Health News: Air cleaners help kids with asthma.
Tanning Danger: Tanning salons raise skin cancer risk.
Television Time: Lots of television time can hurt children’s reading ability.
Hypnosis and surgery: Hypnosis a help in surgery, study says.

Lesson 3 DEDUCTIVE REASONING
5.2 Forum
Video: Can you solve "Einstein's Riddle"? By Dan Van der Vieren - Were
you able to solve this riddle? If yes, how did you solve this riddle? If no,
explain why.
6. Assessment
This activity will require collaborative output. Form a group of at most
five members. Each group must submit one solved problem and one
unsolved problem (No solution) for lesson 2 and lesson 3.
7.2 How do we solve a problem?
How do you solve a math problem? How do you deal with a real-life
problem? List down your procedure on a word document or notebook if
you opted for offline modality.
I solve math problem and real-life problem alike. Like Polya, I also used a
step-by-step on problem solving. In solving the problem, first, I analyze the
problem, what is the cause and the effect, and what is asked or needed.
Second, to know what the solution is and to prepare or to plan on how to deal
with it. Third, is to apply what is prepared. Last, is to check whether it is
correct or not; applicable, or not. If ever, that is not go back to the first step to
make a clear and good decision.
After reading the four-step strategy by Polya, which step is the most
overlooked or not done? Why do you think so?
The most overlooked is “Assessing the answer.” The re-evaluation or
rechecking of the answer is seldomly or unconsciously ignore by many. Also,

applicable to the real-life problem. If the answer is present and the work is
seemed unclouded, the resulting answer will be satisfying and will result to
unchecked answer, or unassessed. Most of the people are satisfied and
starting not to recheck or to see if the answer is correct because it is an
viewed as an additional work.
7.3 Ten most variables strategies to use in solving problems.
10 most valuable strategies to use when

list of approaches that I am aware
of:
solving problems:
1. Read the problem 1. Read until you understand the problem
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.
7. 7.
8. 8.
9. 9.

10. 10.

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New Era University

No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City 1107, Philippines

Submitted by: Group 3 (1BSA-1)

Video: Problem Solving Through Perspective Change | Zara Tarter -How

Math and real-life problems are related. Changing your perspectives is a

evaluate what is the problem and how to solve a problem.

3.6 Video Problem Solving

After watching the video, you should be able to:

Discuss the four steps explained in this video (Polya’s 4 steps-problem

The Four Steps of problem solving are:

1. Identify the Problem.

 In Identify the Problem, understand what the problem is

asking. What do you need to find out?

 To easily understand it, read the problem carefully, you

note of the important information.

 Decide on a strategy to use to solve the question. What

math skills do you need to use?

 You may draw a picture or diagram to visualize it and plan

to solve the problem.

 Set up the appropriate math operations and formulas to

solve the problem.

 Show all your work, including the solutions. And use

appropriate figures in representation.

4. Assess your Answer.

 Check your answer to make sure it is correct.

 Review the problem, make sure you understand the

question and check for mathematical errors.

Apply the four steps (step by step)

Adam earn per hour?

1. Identify the problem.

than Isabel if Adam worked at 15 hours on $112.50 while

Isabel worked at 20 hours on $145.80.

Work Hours Earnings Earnings

(W) € Per Hour

X ' s Earning per hour −Y ' s Earning per hour

$ 7.5/hour−$ 7.29/hour =$ 0.21/hour

4. Assess your Answer.

Isabel: $ 7.29/hour∗20 hour =$ 145.80

Adam: $ 7.5/hour∗15 hour =$ 112.50

$ 7.5/hour−$ 7.29/hour =$ 0.21/hour

Adam earns $0.21 per hour more than Isabel.

Question 2: In the blueprint of a rectangular room, the length is 1 inch

1. Identify the Problem.

 First, we need to know the length and the width. Second, we

know the perimeter which is 26 inches. The formula for

P=2 ( L ) +2(W ) L =3x+1

26=2 (3 x +1 ) +2( x) → 26=6 x+ 2+ 2 x → 26=8 x+ 2

Length = 3x+1= [3(3) + 1)] = 10

4. Assessing the Answer

3.7 Assessment (Group Problem Solving)

1. In a room with 10 people, everyone shakes hands with everybody else

exactly once. How many handshakes are there?

There are 45 handshakes.

2. How many dots will there be in figure 49?

X 49=[6+2 ( n−2 ) + X n−1 ]

X 49=[6+2 ( 49−2 ) + X 48]

X 49=[6+ 94+2450] → X 49=2550

Figure 49 will have 2550 dots.

was as old as Anna is now. How old is Anna?