TG - Math 3 - Lessons 41-60

6) 800 7) 3 200 8) 2 500 9) 1 800 10) 6 000
Activity 2: 1) 300 x 30 = 9 000 2) 200 x 50 = 10 000

3) 300 x 20 = 6 000 4) 100 x 40 = 4 000 5) 800 x 10 = 8 000
Activity 3: 1) 10 x 40 = 400 (about 400 ball pens)
2) 130 x 3 = 390 (about 390 marbles)
5. Summarizing the Lesson

How do we estimate the product of 2- to 3-digit numbers multiplied by 1- to
2-digit numbers?
To estimate the product:

 Round off either the multiplicand or multiplier or both to its
greatest place value.
 Multiply the rounded factors.
(Remember: Do not round off 1-digit factor.)

6. Applying to New and Other Situations
Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Provide similar exercises in estimating
products.
DRAFT
Answer Key:
1) 130 x 10 = 1 300 (about 1 300 jeepneys) 2)30 x 20 = 600 (about 600 birds)
C. Evaluation
Let the pupils do Activity 5 in the LM individually.
Answer Key:
April 10, 2014

1) 720 2) 2 800 3) 8 000 4) 6 000 5) 4 000
D. Home Activity
Have the pupils find the factors that when multiplied will give an estimated
product. Refer them to Activity 6 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 6 x 14 2) 5 x 28 3) 9 x 26 4) 6 x 58 5) 9 x 487
Lesson 41 Multiplying Mentally 2-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit

Numbers with Products up to 100
Week 4
Objective
Multiply mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without regrouping with
products of up to 100
190

Value Focus
Cooperation and independence, readiness to help others
Prerequisite Skills
Addition of 3- to 4-digit numbers without regrouping
Materials
Flash cards, crayons, illustrations
Instructional Procedures
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Drill
Flash number cards with basic multiplication facts.
2. Review
Let the pupils give the estimated product.
Examples: 125 x 25 346 x 18 981 x 15
DRAFT
B. Developmental Activities
1. Presenting the Lesson

Post the problem on the board.
Four boys helped their teacher return some workbooks to the library. Each
April 10, 2014

boy carried 12 workbooks. How many workbooks did they carry altogether?
Multiply 12 by 4. Do it mentally.
Think:
Multiply the ones by ones. Multiply the tens by ones.
Give the product.
1 2 12
X 4 x4
8 48 The product is 48.
So, 48 workbooks were carried by the boys.
2. Performing the Activity

Let pupils work in pairs and answer the following mentally.
13 11 21 23 13 12
x3 x8 x4 x2 x2 x3
3. Processing the Activity
Ask: Who was able to give the answer first?
191

Was the answer correct?
What technique did you use that helped you compute the answer
quickly?
Emphasize to the pupils that to multiply mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit

numbers:
1. Multiply the ones by ones.
2. Multiply the tens by ones.
3. Give the product.
4. Reinforcing the Concept

a. Form two groups with 7 members. Flash combinations of numbers. The first
one who can give the correct answer will have the chance to color the
first shape in the house. Repeat the process until the group had completed
coloring the shapes in the house. The first group to complete coloring the
house wins the game.
Prepare the following flashcards and houses.

GAME: Color the House
DRAFT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
23 24 14 11 10 43 33 51
x 2 x 2 x2 x 4 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 2
Group 1 Group 2
April 10, 2014

2 2
1 1
3 3
4 5 4 5
6 6
7 8 7 8
b. Ask: Have you experienced hunting treasures?

Do you want to experience it? Refer pupils to Activity 1 in the LM.
Answer Key:
22 x 2 = 44 20 x 5 = 100 31 x 3 = 93 29 x 2 = 58
12 x 5 = 60 41 x 2 = 82 22 x 4 = 88 12 x 3 = 36
49 x 1 = 49 22 x 3 = 66 12 x 4 = 48
192

What helped you answer the computation problems easily? How do you
multiply mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit number without regrouping?
To multiply mentally 2-digit numbers without regrouping

 Multiply the ones by ones.
 Multiply the tens by ones.
 Give the product.

Have pupils do Activity 2 in the LM in groups with 4 members each. Provide
each group with the secret message activity.
DRAFT
12 13 23 11 12 13 13 26 20 22 23
x5 x2 x2 x4 x3 x2 x3 x1 x3 x2 x3
60 26 46 44 36 26 39 26 60 44 69
I T  S M A T H T I M E
C. Evaluation
April 10, 2014

Let the pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM. Have them read each problem
carefully then write only the product in their own paper.
Answer Key:
1) 36 sampaguita plants 2) 88 eggplant seedlings 3) PhP100 4) 48 seedlings
5) 26 oranges
D. Home Activity
1. Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 77 2) 24 3) 69 4) 48 5) 39
2. Let each pupil write one word problem involving multiplication of 2-digit by I-
digit number without regrouping. On the next class day, let pupils exchange
their word problems by pairs and solve the problems mentally.
193

Lesson 42 Solving Problems involving Multiplication
of Whole Numbers
Week 5
Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving multiplication of whole numbers
including money using appropriate problem solving strategies and tools
Value Focus
Helpfulness, Cooperation, Thriftiness
Prerequisite Skills
DRAFT
1. Basic multiplication facts
2. Multiplication of whole numbers
3. Steps in solving word problem
Materials
Flashcards, activity card, story problem
April 10, 2014

E. Preliminary Activities
1. Drill
Conduct a drill on basic multiplication facts using double roulette. Let the
pupils answer in their “Show Me” board.
2. Review
Let pupils give the steps in solving word problems.
F. Developmental Activities
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Present the story problem below.
The family of Mr. Ruiz enjoys harvesting star apple in their backyard. They
placed them in 9 baskets. Each basket contains 15 star apples. How many
star apples did they harvest in all?
Ask: Who harvested star apples?

Where did they place the fruits?
Present this guide to the children in analyzing and illustrating the problem.
Problem:
What is asked for?
What are the
given
information?
Draw/illustrate the Guide the pupils to illustrate the
problem. problem such as this.
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
What is the
process or
operation to be
used?
What word/s help
you determine the
operation to use?
Write the number
sentence.
If you were to solve the problem, what process would you use?
Is there a word or words in the problem that tell what process or
operation to use?
195

Group the children into three. Provide them with problems like these in
activity cards. Let them analyze.
1) A vendor buys 25 boxes of candies. Each box has 50

candies. How many candies are there in all?
2) Nena bought 12 sets of baby dresses. Each set costs

PhP185. How much did she pay for all the dresses?
3) Mr. Santos is a postman. He has to deliver 178 letters a day.

How many letters must he deliver in 25 days?
DRAFT
Ask: How do we analyze word problem?
What should you find out?
What are the given facts?
How did you check the correctness of your answer?
April 10, 2014

Have pupils solve the problems in Activity 1 in the LM. Remind them on how to
solve problems correctly.
Answer Key: 1) 1 125 atis 2) PhP3 000 3) 180 pencils
4) PhP300 5) 275 pages

Ask: How can you solve a problem?
What are the steps that we should follow in solving problems?
The steps in solving a word problem are:

1. Understand
2. Plan. Determine the process to be used to solve the
problem.
3. Act out the plan.
4. Check or look back.

Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Have the pupils solve the illustrated problem and
write their answers on their paper.
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Answer Key:
1) 6 x 7 = 42 mangoes 2) 10 x 6 = 60 pencils 3) 12 x 5 = 60 flowers
G. Evaluation
Let pupils analyze and solve Activity 3 in the LM. Ask them to write a number
sentence for each problem.
Answer Key:
1) 9 x 5; 15 x 3; 45 x 1 2) 15 3) PhP5 200 4) PhP15 400 5) 364 days
H. Home Activity
Let pupils copy Activity 4 in their notebook as their assignment. Let them analyze
and solve the problems.
Answer Key:
1)900 passengers 2) PhP1 600 3) 1 175 bottle caps 4) PhP5 805 5) 1 280 words
Lesson 43 Solving Problems involving Multiplication
DRAFT
with Addition and/or Subtraction of Whole Numbers
Week 5
Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving multiplication with addition and
April 10, 2014

subtraction of whole numbers including money using appropriate problem solving
strategies and tools
Value Focus
Honesty, Cooperation
Prerequisite Skills
1. Basic addition, subtraction and multiplication facts
2. Steps in solving word problem
Materials
Flash cards, activity card, story problem
1. Drill
The teacher flashes the cards and the children write their answers on their
“Show Me” board.
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32 20 83 42 21
x2 x4 x3 x2 x2
2. Review
Present the problem written on Manila paper.
Laura made 56 sampaguita garlands. Each garland has

13 pieces of sampaguita. How many pieces of sampaguita
did she use in all?
Ask: Who made sampaguita garlands?

How many sampaguita garlands did she make?
What is asked in the problem?
What are given?
What is the operation to be used to solve the problem?
DRAFT
Let the children solve the problem and show the answer in their “Show Me”
board.
3. Motivation
Present the word problem.
April 10, 2014

Joy bought 5 shirts for PhP94.00 each. If she had PhP475.00,
how much change would she get?
Ask: Who bought 5 shirts?

How much did each shirt cost?
How much money did she have?
How much would he spend for his five shirts?
The salesgirl happened to give a change more than what Joy should receive.
If you were Joy, what would you do? Why?
Is it good to return the money that does not belong to you? Why?

a. Using the problem in the motivation, ask the pupils to act out through
“Play Store” wherein pictures or objects like shirts, play money, etc. are
used. A pupil will go to the store and buy shirts.
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b. Present the problem using a diagram.
94.00
PhP
PhP PhP PhP 94.00
PhP 94.00 PhP
PhP 94.00 PhP 94.00
PhP
Read How many shirts were bought?

How much did a shirt cost?
How much money did Joy have?
Plan What is the hidden question? the cost of 5 shirts
What is asked? change Joy would get
What operation should be used?
What is the number sentence?
PhP475 - (PhP94.00 x 5) = N
Solve
STEP 1 - Look for the cost of 5 shirts.
DRAFT
PhP 94.00 cost of 1 shirt
x 5 number of shirts bought
PhP470.00 cost of 5 shirts
STEP 2
April 10, 2014

PhP 475.00 money of Joy
-470.00 cost of 5 shirts
PhP 5.00 change
Check : Go over the solution.

Is it correct?
Is your answer reasonable?
Is it complete?

Let the pupils solve the problems by group.
a. There are 2 boxes of marbles. Each box has 12 marbles. How many
marbles are there in all? If you get 5 marbles in one box, how many
marbles will be left?
Solution 1. Role Play

Call 1 group to act out the situation. Let them present the 2 boxes. Let the
class count the number of marbles in each box. Request one pupil to get
5 marbles in one box. Ask the class to count the number of marbles left.
199

Solution 2. By Drawing
Call 1 group to draw 2 boxes on a Manila paper. Let another group draw
12 marbles in each box. Ask one pupil to remove 5 marbles in one box.
Let the whole class count the number of marbles left.
b. Four persons can sit at a square table. How many persons can sit at
three square tables placed end-to-end?
Solution 1. By drawing a picture
Directions:
1. Draw three square tables placed end-to-end.
2. Count how many persons can be seated after the three tables are
placed end-to-end.
Solution 2. By using a number sentence
Answer the following questions:

1. How many persons can be seated on individual square tables?
DRAFT
Write the number sentence.
2. Will there be the same number of persons seating if the square
tables are placed end-to-end? Why?
3. How many persons cannot be seated? What will be the number
sentence?
4. How many persons can be seated if the square tables are placed
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end-to-end? Show your solutions using the number sentence.

Ask the groups assigned to show their work in class. Ask them to explain how
they got their answers.
Expected answers of pupils for Problem 1

We had a role play of the situation. We added the number of marbles first.
Then, we subtracted the 5 marbles from one box. We found the total number
of marbles by counting the remaining marbles.
(12 + 12) – 5 = n
We drew 2 boxes and 12 marbles in each box. We crossed-out five marbles

in one box. We counted the number of marbles left in the two boxes to get
the answer to the question.
(2 x 12) – 5 = n
Expected answers of pupils for for Problem 2
Solution 1. By drawing a picture
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1 2 3

8 4
7 6 5
Solution 2. By using a number sentence
Ask:
How many persons can be seated on individual square tables? Let
them write the number sentence.
3x4=n
3 x 4 = 12 persons
Will there be the same number of persons (12 persons) seating if the
square tables are placed end-to-end? Why? How many persons
cannot be seated?
What will be the number sentence?
(3 x 4) – 4 = n
So, how many persons can be seated if the square tables are placed
DRAFT
end-to-end?
Let the pupils solve using the number sentence.
(3 x 4) – 4 = n
12 – 4 = 8
So, the number of persons who can sit at three square tables placed
end-to-end is 8 persons.
April 10, 2014

Emphasize to the pupils that in solving 2-step word problems, answer the
hidden question first, then the given question. The operation inside the
parentheses is done first.
In solving two-step word problems, use the following questions as guide:

a. What is asked for in the problem?
b. What are the given facts?
c. What is the hidden question?
d. What processes will you use to answer the hidden question?
e. What is the number sentence?
f. What is the complete answer?
g. What strategy/ strategies will you use to solve the problem?

Let the pupils read, analyze and solve the problems in Activity 1 in the LM. Let
them do the activity on their paper.
Answer Key:
1) 6 x 8 = 48; 55 – 48 = 7; No, they still need 7 chairs.
2) (45 min x 4) + (10 min x 3) = = 180 min + 30 min = 210 minutes
201

3) PhP1 000 - (2 x PhP160) + PhP85 + (4 x PhP130)
= PhP1 000 – (PhP320 + PhP85 + PhP520)
= PhP1 000 – PhP925
= PhP75

Ask: How did you solve the problem?
What helped you solve it?

Let pupils work on Activity 2 in the LM. Read and analyze the problems. Let
them write their answer in their notebooks.
Answer Key: 1) PhP20 2) 300 pastillas 3) PhP375
C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM individually. Let them write their answers
on their paper.
Answer Key:
1) PhP260 2) PhP1 940 3) 384 mangoes 4) 48 stamps 5) PhP555
DRAFT
D. Home Activity
Let the pupils copy Activity 4 in the LM and have pupils work on this at home.
Answer Key:
1) (5 x PhP1) + (2 x PhP5) + (7 x PhP10) = PhP5 + PhP10 + PhP70 = PhP85
2) 25 + (3 x 25) = 100 one-peso coins
April 10, 2014

3) 12 + (12 x 2) + ((12 x 2) +14) + (12 + (12 x2)) = 12 + 24 + 38 + 36 = 110 pieces of
art paper
Lesson 44 Creating Problems involving Multiplication

without or with Addition or Subtraction
Week 6
Objective
Create problems involving multiplication without or with addition or subtraction of
whole numbers including money with reasonable answers
Value focus
Environmental awareness
Prerequisite Concepts and Skills

Multiplication, addition, and subtraction of whole numbers including money
202

Materials
Textbook, flashcard/smart board, roulette, activity number cards, pictures of waste
materials/garbage improperly disposed of
1. Drill
Use the following.
a. Roulette to practice learners skills in multiplication
b. Flash cards to practice learners skills in addition and subtraction
75 +25 60 ‐ 15 13 +36 45 ‐ 23 80 + 29
2. Review
Ask pupils to give the missing number in each expression.
DRAFT
18 – 9 = ___ 12 – 6 = ___ 32 – 12 = ___
16 – 8 = ___ 20 –10 = ___
April 10, 2014

3. Motivation
Divide the class into 8 groups. Let each group discuss the problem below.
Ask: What are the environmental problems created by people in destroying

the environment? How can people provide solutions to these
problems? How can people lessen environmental problems?
Ask a representative from each group to share their ideas.
After the sharing of each group, infuse the value of “Environmental

Awareness.”
Note: Teacher should use the statements below in valuing.
Examples of environmental issues:

 improper disposal of garbage (Elimination/reduction of wastes in the
environment)
 Use of carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming (Shift in
behavior towards the environment and individuals’ use of natural
203

resources, ensuring sustainable development and conservation of the
environment.)

Post the problem on the board. Ask a pupil to read it.
One morning Ruby saw 4 guavas in their backyard with 4 birds eating
on each guava.
Ask the following:

a. Who saw guavas in their backyard?
b. How many guavas did she see in their backyard?
c. How many birds eat in each guava?
d. How many birds all in all did Ruby see eating the guavas?
e. Putting together the birds and the guavas, how many are there in all?
DRAFT
f. How many operations are used in the problem?
g. Can you also create/make your own problem, like the one given, where
you can apply multiplication with addition, or multiplication with
subtraction?
2. Performing the Activities
April 10, 2014

Group Work Activity
Divide the class into 6 groups. Let each group discuss how they will make a
problem based on the given situation. Three groups will focus on Problem 1,
while the other three groups will focus on Problem 2.
Problem 1. Involve multiplication with addition (two-step problem).
Situation: Mark needs 3 white t-shirts to be used in camping.

T-shirt price is PhP120.00.
Mark has only PhP300.00.
Problem 2. Use multiplication with subtraction (Two-step problem.)
Situation: Adore plans to donate 3 plants in school.

Adore has PhP500.00.
Price of plants is PhP130.00 each.
While the pupils are doing the activity, go around and guide/assist the pupils.
Ask each group to show their work and give them time to explain their output
in class.
204

3. Processing the Activities
After the activities have been done, let the groups post their created
problems in each situation and let them do the tasks below.
a. Role play the situation. (Call at least 2 groups to do it. Then ask the
class to solve the problem.)
b. Illustrate the problem and make the number sentence. Then solve the
problem with the solution.

Pair Work Activity
Ask the pairs to create/make a problem based on the given situation. Half of
the pair will focus on Problem 1, while the other half will focus on Problem 2.
Problem 1. Use multiplication with addition (two-step procedure).
Situation: Eric needs to buy 3 boxes of chocolates.

Price is PhP200.00 for every box of chocolate.
DRAFT
Eric has only PhP350.00.
Problem 2. Use multiplication with subtraction (two-step procedure).

Situation: Tom wants to buy a pair of pants.
He has PhP1000.00.
Price of pair of pants is PhP700.00.
April 10, 2014

What did you do to be able to create a problem given some situations?
Steps in creating word problems:
a. Familiarize yourself with the concepts in math. Think of the application to

every day life situations.
b. Think of the type of problem you want to create and the operations to
be used. Relate the problem to a real-life situation.
c. Read more on math problem solving. Study the solution in solving the
problems.
d. Make your own styles/strategies to justify the solutions.

Let the pupils do Activity 1 in the LM. Discuss their work afterwards.
(Answers vary)
Sample Problem:
1) Mother bought 2 boxes of donuts with 12 donuts in each box. How many
donuts are there in all?
205

2) Each cup of soup costs PhP5.00. Edna was not able to sell 4 cups out of
the 16 cups. How much was the amount of soup sold?
C. Evaluation
Let pupils do Activity 2 in the LM. Check pupils’ work.
(Answers vary)
Sample Problem:
1) Andoy placed the eggs in three trays. If there are 12 eggs in each tray and
there are 5 eggs not placed in any tray, how many eggs are there in all?
2) Joey bought 9 balloons for her 3 sisters. Each balloon costs PhP15.00. If each
girl received the same number of balloons, how much did Joey spend for
the balloons he gave to each of his sisters?
D. Home Activity
Divide pupils into five groups. Let them do Activity 3 in the LM as homework on
their papers.
Answers vary for A and B.
Sample Answers for B:
1) 1) John has _5__ pencil cases. There are 12 pencils of different color in each
case. How many pencils does he have? 5 x 12 = 60 pencils
DRAFT
2) There are _4_ dozens of eggs in a box. One dozen was sold. How many
eggs are left in the box? (Hint: one dozen = 12)
(4 x 12) – 12 = 48 – 12 = 36 eggs are left in the box
3) In a mathematics class, fourteen pupils are seated in a row and _3_ of the
pupils were absent. If there are 4 rows in the classroom, how many pupils
are present in the Math class? (4 x 14) – 3 = 56 – 3 = 53 pupils are present
April 10, 2014

Lesson 45 Multiples of 1- to 2-Digit Numbers
Week 6
Objective
State the multiples of 1- to 2-digit numbers
Value Focus
Cooperation

Four fundamental operations
Materials
Flashcards, wooden blocks, number wheel, pictures of different activities of man
that destroys the environment
206

1. Drill
Show division facts written on flash cards. Ask learners by row/group to give
the quotient. e.g.
30, 27, 24, 21, 18, 15
by 3
70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 by 5
84, 77, 56, 49, 28, 21 by 7
88, 72, 64, 8, 24, 32 by 8
DRAFT
2. Review
Supply the missing number to complete each number sentence.
1) ___ ÷ 7 = 4
April 10, 2014

2) 35 ÷ ___ = 5
3) 50 ÷ 10 = ___
4) 36 ÷ 6 = ___
5) ___ ÷ 9 = 9
3. Motivation
Do the opposite of your drill. Give the multiplication facts. Ask other learners
by row/group (to give others a chance to participate) to give the
answer/product.
4 multiply the number by 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
6 multiply the number by 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
207

Show these numbers.
Ask: What are the next numbers? Why do you think they are the next
numbers?
a. 2, 4, 6, 8, ___, ___, ___
b. 3, 6, 9, 12, ___, ___, ___
c. 10, 20, 30, 40, ___, ___, ___
d. 12, 24, 36, 48, ___, ___, ___
DRAFT
Show the series of numbers. Ask the pupils to observe and determine the
pattern.
a. 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
April 10, 2014

b. 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
c. 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
d. 12 24 36 48 60 72 84
Ask: How did you get your answers in each of the number patterns?
Note to the teacher: Answers can be any of the following strategies:
a. Multiplying the first number by 2, 3, 4, 5, … to get the next 3 missing

numbers.
b. Adding the common difference of the numbers to the next

numbers and so forth to get the next 3 missing numbers.
208

Ask: Extend the number patterns in given activity, give the next 5 multiples
for a, b, c, and d using any of the above strategies.
Group Activity
Let each group do Activity 1 in the LM. Let them find the next 6 multiples of
the given number. Let them write their answers on their answer sheets.
Discuss the groups’ answers.
1) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
2) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
3) 7 14 21 28 35 42 49
4) 8 16 24 32 40 48 56
5) 9 18 27 36 45 54 63
6) 11 22 33 44 55 66 77
7) 13 26 39 52 65 78 91
8) 15 30 45 60 75 90 105
9) 24 48 72 96 120 144 168
DRAFT
10) 33 66 99 132 165 198 231

Ask each group to present their work and ask them how they were able to
get the multiples of a given number.
Ask them to discuss their answers on the work sheet.
April 10, 2014

Show a number wheel to the class. e.g. 1
8
7 2
6 3
5 4
Call a group and ask a member to spin the number wheel.
a. In the first spin, whichever number will show up all members of the group
will state 10 of the multiples of that 1- digit number.
b. In the second spin, whichever number will show up in the first and in the
second spin, all members will state 5 multiples of that 2 – digit numbers.
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a. Multiplying the first number by 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on will determine the next
multiples of number.
b. Adding the common difference of the numbers to the next numbers and
so forth will arrive at the next multiples of the number.

a. Show a calendar. Ask pupils what pattern of multiples of numbers they
can see in the calendar.
b. Let pupils answer Activity 2 by pairs.
Answer Key:
18 24 30 36 42 48
19 38 57 76 95 114
DRAFT
C. Evaluation
Ask pupils to answer Activities 3 and 4 in the LM individually.
Key Answer:
Activity 3: 1) b 2) e 3) d 4) c
April 10, 2014

Activity 4:
1) 21, 24, 27 2) 45, 54, 63 3) 112, 120, 128 4) 135, 150, 165 5) 85, 102, 119
D. Home Activity
Assign Activity 5 in the LM as pupils’ homework.
Answer Key:
x 12 23 37
1) 19 228 437 703
2) 26 312 598 962
3) 37 444 851 1 369
4) 43 516 989 1 591
Lesson 46 Dividing Numbers up to 100 by 6, 7, 8, and 9
Week 7
210

Objective
Visualize division of numbers up to 100 by 6, 7, 8 and 9
Value Focus
Envisioning the beauty and abundance of nature

Concept on the four fundamental operations
Materials
Activity cards, spin a wheel number, flashcard/smart board, wooden blocks,
pictures of different activities of man taking care of the environment
1. Drill
Flash cards with basic division facts and ask pupils by row/group to give the
DRAFT
answer/ quotient.
Examples:
30 by 3, 5, 6 30
20 by 2, 4, 5 16 by 2, 4, 8
April 10, 2014

by 2, 3, 6 40 by 2, 4, 5
18
by 2, 3, 4
12 30
2. Review
Call pupils to supply the missing number to complete each sentence.
6) ___ x 7 = 42
7) 5 x ___ = 35
8) 6 x 9 = ___
9) ___ x 8 = 56
10) ___ x 9 = 81
3. Motivation
Ask pupils to read the quotation.
A quote as lovely as my inspiration …
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Let our life in school be like playing an arithmetic…
JOYS added,
FRIENDS multiplied,
SORROWS subtracted,
But note that LOVE cannot be divided among our teachers
and us, learners.
Ask pupils to explain what they have read. Elaborate or explain further.

Present a problem situation and ask pupils to think of the answer. Allow 2 or 3
of them to show their solution/s.
My older brother and sister wanted to help shoulder our parents’

expenses at home. They plan on how they can help our parents. In our
backyard, my brother and sister made a garden plot for planting
eggplant seedlings to sell in the market after the harvest. They planted
48 eggplant seedlings equally in 6 rows. How many seedlings were in
DRAFT
each row?
a. Analyze and solve the problem using an illustration:
April 10, 2014

Ask: (suggested questions)
1) Who wanted to help the parents in family expenses at home?
2) What did they do to help their parents?
3) Do you want to help your Nanay and Tatay too?
4) What kind of brother and sister are they? Do you want them?
5) How many seedlings did they plant in all?
Show their solutions.
6) How many seedlings are there in all?

7) How many rows are there?
8) How many seedlings are there in each row?
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9) Write your mathematical sentence and solve.
(Hint to teacher: 48 ÷ 6 = n)

Let pupils do this problem.
There are 98 pupils in Grade 4. They are assigned in each section

equally to the 4 mathematics teachers and the 3 science teachers as the
class advisers. How many pupils will be under the class advisory of each
teacher?
Guide questions:
a. How many pupils are there?

b. How many are teachers?
c. What is your dividend?
DRAFT
d. What is your divisor?
e. What is missing in the problem?
f. Write the number sentence.
g. Solve!
April 10, 2014

Ask:
1) How did you solve the problem above?
2) What information/data did you consider to solve the problem?
Say: Look at the division sentence.

56 ÷ 8 = 7, if we use instead of 56, we have
÷ 8 = 7. How will you find the value of ? We multiply 8 by 7.
56 ÷ 8 = 7.
Explain that in finding the quotient we are finding on the factors. When
multiplying the product and divisor we are finding the dividend. Lead the
pupils to see that division is opposite of multiplication.
Group Activity
In your group get your partner and do the activity in pair. Fill in the
appropriate data and solve.
Number sentence Dividend Divisor Quotient

Ex. 56 ÷ ___ = 7 56 8 7
1) ___ ÷ 6 = 7
213

2) 81 ÷ 7 = ___
3) 72 ÷ 9 = ___
4) 63 ÷ = 9
5) 36 ÷ ___ = 4
6) ___ ÷ 8 = 16
7) 42 ÷ 7 = ___
8) 99 ÷ 9 = ___
9) 54 ÷ ___ = 9
10) 78 ÷ ___ = 13
Discuss pupils’ answers.

Let the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM in their notebook. Discuss how they
solve the problems.
Answer Key:
1) 8 shelves 2) 8 balls
DRAFT
a. How do you visualize a problem in division?
b. Name the terms involved in division facts.
c. How do you call the result/answer in dividing two numbers?

Think and visualize the problem.
Example 1:
April 10, 2014

Thirty eggs in a basket were transferred to an egg box. How many
rows are there in an egg box, if 6 eggs are placed in each row of an
egg box?
30 ÷ 6 = ?
number number number

of eggs of eggs of
in a row rows
Let the pupils answer Activity 2 in the LM by pairs. Discuss their answers
afterwards.
Answer Key: 1) 8 trees 2) 8 pomelos
C. Evaluation
Let the pupils answer Activity 3 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: 1)PhP16 2) 9 dalandan
D. Home Activity
Let the pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM individually in their notebook.
214

Answer Key: 1) 10 pupils 2) 3 star apples
Lesson 47 Stating Division Facts of Numbers up to 10
Week 7
Objective
State basic division facts of numbers up to 10
Value Focus
Orderliness and Cooperation

Multiplication
DRAFT
Materials
Flashcards with multiplication and division facts
April 10, 2014

1. Drill
Multiplication basic facts
Show flash cards with basic multiplication facts and ask pupils to give the
answer.
3 x 6 6 x 9
3 x 8
2 x 9
4 x 7 7 x 10 1 x 9
10 x 4
5 x 8 8 x 2 9 x 3
2. Review
Flash cards with division sentences (around 4 to 5 sentences).
Let pupils identify the terms in a division sentence.
215

Ask: Which is the dividend? divisor? quotient?
Example:

24 ÷ 6 = 4
3. Motivation
Play the game “The boat is sinking” for 3 minutes.
Mechanics of the game:
a. Let the pupils stand and stay in one place altogether.
b. The teacher/leader says, “The boat is sinking, lifeboats for five.” The
pupils will form groups with five members in each group. The pupils
who cannot form a group with 5 members will sit down.
c. The teacher/leader will say again, “The boat is sinking, lifeboats for
eight.” The pupils will again form groups with eight members in each
group. The pupils who cannot form a group with 8 members will sit
down.
d. Do the activity until only 1-3 pupils are left or until the given time is over.
DRAFT
Ask: How did the class perform the game? (orderly, cooperatively)

Show a picture of objects grouped equally.
April 10, 2014

Example:
Ask:
a. How many boxes are there in all?
b. How many balls are there in each box?
c. How many balls are there in all?
d. What multiplication facts/sentences can we give/write? (3 x 5 = 15) This
means there are 5 balls in each box and there are 3 boxes, so, 15 balls in
all.
e. What division facts/sentences can we give/write? (15 3 = 5)
This means 15 balls divided equally in 3 boxes equals 5 balls in each box;
or 15 5 = 3; this means 15 balls divided equally with 5 balls in each box
equals 3 boxes.)
216

Let pupils study the table below. Call a pupil to show the multiplication and
division facts/sentences given in the example. Call more pupils to give 2 or 3
multiplication and division sentences.
Example: 6 x 4 = 24 4 x 6 = 24 24 ÷ 4 = 6 24 ÷ 6 = 4
x 1 x2 x3 x 4 x 5 x6 x7 x8 x9 x 10
2 2 4 12
3 3 15 30
6 24 48
9 63
10 50 90
Divide the class into 5 groups. Let each group complete the table. Let them
give/write 5 families of multiplication and division sentences/facts.
DRAFT
Let the groups present their work.
Ask:
a. What multiplication facts have you given/written?
b. How were you able to give/write the division facts/sentences? (by
knowing the multiplication facts, we can give the division facts)
c. What can you say about the multiplication facts and the division facts?
April 10, 2014

(The division facts are the inverse of the multiplication facts)

Let pupils answer Activities 1–3 in the LM. Discuss some items in the activities
that need to be emphasized.
Answer Key:
Activity 1 - (family of facts can be written in any order)
8 x 7 = 56 7 x 8 = 56 56 ÷ 7 = 8 56 ÷ 8 = 7
72 ÷ 9 = 8 72 ÷ 8 = 9 9 x 8 = 72 8 x 9 = 72
48 ÷ 6 = 8 48 ÷ 8 = 6 8 x 6 = 48 6 x 8 = 48
10 x 7 = 70 7 x 10 = 70 70 ÷ 10 = 7 70 ÷ 7 = 10
35 ÷ 5 = 7 35 ÷ 7 = 5 7 x 5 = 35 5 x 7 = 35
Activity 2
1. 5 x 7 = 35, 35 ÷ 7 = 5 or 35 ÷ 5 = 7
2. 3 x 9 = 27, 27 ÷ 9 = 3 or 27 ÷ 3 = 9
3. 8 x 6 = 48, 48 ÷ 8 = 6 or 48 ÷ 6 = 8
4. 10 x 2 = 20, 20 ÷ 2 = 10 or 20 ÷ 10 = 2
5. 4 x 8 = 32, 32 ÷ 8 = 4 or 32 ÷ 4 = 8
Activity 3:
1) 2 2) 3 3) 6 4) 27 5) 6 6) 6 7) 9 8) 2 9) 63 10) 4
217

Ask:
How can we give or state the division facts?
(We can give or state the division facts by knowing or giving the
multiplication facts then convert this into division facts.)

Let pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM. If necessary, discuss the puzzle. Ask
pupils how they got their answers.
Answer Key:
36 ÷ 6 = 6
÷
9 x 3 = 27
8 x 7 = 56
2 2
=
18 ÷ 2 = 9
DRAFT
C. Evaluation
Let pupils do Activity 5 in the LM. Check pupil’s work.
Answer Key:
1) 20 ÷ 5 = 4 or 20 ÷ 4 = 5 2) 18 ÷ 6 = 3 or 18 ÷ 3 = 6
3) 5 x 4 = 20 or 4 x 5 = 20; 20 ÷ 4 = 5 or 20 ÷ 5 = 4 4) 3
5) 40 ÷ 8 = 5
April 10, 2014

D. Home Activity
For pupils’ homework, let them do Activities 6 and 7 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 6
Multiplication Sentence Division Sentence Division Sentence
1) 2 x 9 = 18 18 ÷ 9 = 2 18 ÷ 2 = 9
2) 3 x 7 = 21 21 ÷ 7 = 3 21 ÷ 3 = 7
3) 9 x 7 = 63 63 ÷ 7 = 9 63 ÷ 9 = 7
4) 6 x 6 = 36 36 ÷ 6 = 6
5) 8 x 9 = 72 72 ÷ 9 = 8 72 ÷ 8 = 9
6) 12 x 4 = 48 48 ÷ 12 = 4 48 ÷ 4 = 12
Activity 7: 1) 48 ÷ 11 = 4 r 4; 4 hectares each child, 4 hectares remain

2) 80 ÷ 10 = 8 stacks
Lesson 48 Dividing 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers
218

Week 8
Objective
Divide 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without or with remainder.
Value Focus
Sharing

Multiplication and division basic facts
Materials
Flashcards, wooden blocks
1. Drill
Flash cards with division facts. Ask pupils to give the quotient.
DRAFT
Example: 24 ÷ 8 18 ÷ 9 24 ÷ 6
27 ÷ 9 14 ÷ 2 15 ÷ 5
April 10, 2014

2. Review
Ask pupils to supply the missing number to complete each sentence.
1)
2)
3)
___ ÷ 7 = 4
35 ÷ ___ = 5
50 ÷ 10 = ___
4) 36 ÷ 6 = ___
5) ___ ÷ 9 = 9

Post this problem on the board.
Jose and Almar love to share their toys and food with their friends and
relatives. Jose has 36 marbles. He wants to share the marbles equally with his
brother. Almar has 43 marbles and wants to share these equally with his
friend. How many marbles will Jose’s brother and Almar’s friend get?
219

Ask:
a. What do Jose and Almar love to do?
b. Do you also share your things? Why is it good to share? Cite instances
wherein you have shared your food or toys to others.
c. How many marbles does Jose have? How about Almar?
d. After they share their marbles, how many marbles will each of them get?
Guide the pupils in solving the problem in different ways.
Solution 1. Solving the problem using drawing/illustration and by grouping
Present a drawing/illustration of Jose’s and Almar’s marbles (a sample is

shown below). Let pupils count Jose’s marbles, then, Almar’s marbles. Ask:
Into how many groups will Jose’s marbles be divided? Almar’s marbles? Then
call a pupil to group the marbles equally.
Jose’s marbles Almar’s marbles
DRAFT
April 10, 2014

Ask:
How many marbles are there in each
group?
How many marbles will his brother get?
Ask:
How many marbles are there in each
group?
How many marbles will his friend get?
Is there any left-over? How many? Is there any left-over? How many?
What is the number sentence? What is the number sentence?
Solution 2. Solving the problem using renaming method
Guide pupils in renaming the dividend into a sum of two numbers where the
first number is a multiple of 10 that can be divided easily by the divisor.

Ask: What will we divide? Ask: What will we divide?
36 ÷ 2 = ___ 43 ÷ 2 = ___
220

36 ÷ 2 = (20 + 16) ÷ 2 43 ÷ 2 = (40 + 3) ÷ 2
= (20 ÷ 2) + (16 ÷ 2) = (40 ÷ 2) + (3 ÷ 2)
= 10 + 8 = 20 + 1 with one left-over
= 18 = 21 with one left-over
Ask: Ask:
How many twos are there in 20? in 16? How many twos are there in 40? in 3?
Is there any left-over? Is there any left-over? How many?
How many? How many marbles will his friend get?
How many marbles will his brother get?
Solution 3. Solving the problem using long division
Show the steps in dividing using long division.
1. Write the division sentence using . Example: 2 36
2. Start from the digit with the highest place value in the dividend. If the digit
with the highest place value in the dividend is smaller than the divisor, use
DRAFT
also the next digit. Divide the digit/s by the divisor. Write the partial
quotient right above the digit.
Example:
1
April 10, 2014

2 36 3÷2=1
Ask: How many 2s are

there in 3?
3. Multiply the partial quotient and the divisor and write the answer right
below the digit.
1
2 36 1 x 2 = 2
-2__
4. Subtract.
1
2 36
3 – 2 = 1
-2__
1
221

5. Bring down the next or last digit.
1
2 36
-2__
16
6. Repeat the previous steps (division, multiplication and subtraction and

bring down) until all the digits in the dividend are used up.
18
2 36 16 ÷ 2 = 8
-2__
16 8 x 2 = 16
-16_
0
Ask: What will we divide? Ask: What will we divide?
36 ÷ 2 = ___ 43 ÷ 2 = ___
DRAFT
18 21 r1
2 36 To check:
2 43
-2__ -4__
16 18 03 To check:
-16_ x2 - 2_
0 36
1 21
April 10, 2014

x2
Ask: Ask: 42
Is there any left-over? How many? Is there any left-over? +1
How many marbles will Jose and his How many? How do we 43
brother each get? write the left-over or
remainder?
Explain that r 1 means “remainder 1”
and it should be written outside the
bar.
Ask: How many marbles will Almar and
his friend each get?
Ask: Did we get the same answer using the three solutions?
Which is easier to use? Why?
Do you think it is easier to use the drawing method if we are going to
divide bigger numbers say, 196 ÷ 6?
Let pupils try drawing this. Emphasize that drawing method involves
longer time in drawing over a hundred objects or more and counting
them.
222

Ask: How can we find the quotient for 196 ÷ 6? Guide the pupils to use the
long division method?
Is there a remainder? What is the remainder? How and where do we
write the remainder?
How can we check if the answer is correct?
(Multiply the quotient and the divisor. the product should be the same
as the dividend. If there is a remainder, add it to the product and the
sum will be the same as the dividend.)
Let pupils work by fours. Give the worksheet for their activity.
Worksheet 1
Use the long division method to find the quotient of the following.
a. 205 ÷ 5 = ___
b. 561 ÷ 9 = ___
Show your solutions here.
DRAFT

Answer the following questions.
1. How did you get the answer?
April 10, 2014

2. Which of the division sentence has a remainder?
3. What is the remainder?
4. Which solution is easier to use? Why?
Call some pupils to share their answers.
If the pupils have difficulty in doing the activity, guide them in doing the
solutions on the board. Have a discussion on each of the solutions.
Example: Solution using long division method

41 62 r 3
5 205 9 561
-20__ -54__
05 21
- 5_ -18_
0 3
Sample discussion questions:
a. Is it easy to show division by grouping if the objects are more than 100?
Why?
223

b. Do you think it is also easy to use the drawing method in dividing the
numbers given to you? Why?
c. What is the quotient of 205 ÷ 5? 561 ÷ 9?
d. Which division sentence has a remainder?
Let the pupils show the solutions for checking.

Ask:
a. Which strategy/solution did we use to find the quotient?
b. Which of the solutions is easier to use in finding the quotient of 2- to 3-digit
number by 1-digit numbers? Why?
c. What is the relationship of the remainder to the divisor?
d. How can we check if our answer is correct?
Let pupils work on Activities 1 and 2 in the LM.

Answer Key:
DRAFT
Activity 1: 1) 24 2) r 3 3) 12 garlands in each tray, 3 garlands left
4) 34 mangoes
Activity 2: 1) r 6 2) no remainder, 3) r 2 4) r 2 5) no remainder 6) r 8
5. Summarizing the Concept
April 10, 2014

Ask:
a. What are the different ways of finding a quotient?
b. What are the steps in dividing 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers
using long division method?
c. When do we have a remainder? (There is a remainder if the dividend
could not be divided exactly by the divisor.)
d. How do we write a quotient with remainder?
e. What do we do to check if our quotient is correct?
Group pupils and let them do Activities 3 and 4 in the LM.

Answer Key:
Activity 3
56 ÷ 8 = 7 x 4 = 28
1)
12 x 8 = 96 ÷ 2 = 48
2)
3) 200 ÷ 4 = 50 x 18 = 900
224
4) 350 ÷ 70 = 5 x 49 = 245

Activity 4: 1) 16 r 3 2) 33 r 1 3) 74 r 4
C. Evaluation
Let the pupils work on Activity 5 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 23 2) Yes; the remainder is 5. 3) Yes because 258 ÷ 6 = 43.

4) 88 r 4 5) 95 r 8
D. Home Activity
Let the pupils solve the problems in Activities 6 and 7 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 6: Pupils’ answers vary. Possible answers are as follows:
DRAFT
2- or 3-digit Number Divisor Quotient
1) 60 4 15
2) 63 6 10 r 3
3) 360 7 51 r 3
4) 706 9 78 r 4
April 10, 2014

Activity 7
Start 423 ÷ 4 = 105 r 3
Add your remainder to the dividend in station 1 before answering.
Station 1: (319 + 3) ÷ 5 = 64 r 2
Use the quotient as dividend in station 2.
Station 2: 64 ÷ 3 = 21 r 1
Station 3: Add the three remainders: 3 + 2 + 1 = 6_

Finish line: Add 91 to the sum of the three remainders: __6__ + 91 = 97.
Lesson 49 Dividing 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 2-Digit Numbers

without and with Remainder
Week 8
225

Objective
Divide 2- to 3- digit numbers by 2-digit numbers without and with remainder
Value Focus
Love for reading/Care for books

1. Basic division facts
2. Concept of repeated subtraction
3. Concept on dividing 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without and with
remainder
Materials
Flashcards on basic division facts, problems printed on the board
DRAFT
1. Drill
Conduct a drill on basic division facts.
2. Review
April 10, 2014

Ask pupils to solve this problem on the board.
 I have 50 packs of biscuits and I’m giving them equally among 8 groups of
pupils. How many packs of biscuits will be left?
3. Motivation
Show storybook to the pupils.

Ask: Who among you likes to read books? Why?
What kind of books do you read?
Do you love your books?
How do you take care of your books?
Post this problem on the chart.
226

a. Mang Ramon is selling 39 kilograms of lanzones. If each of the 13
customers will buy the same number of kilograms of lanzones, how many
kilograms of lanzones will each customer buy?
Ask: How will you solve the problem?
1) Divide 39 by 13 to get the answer.

Look for the multiples of the divisor 13.
1 x 13 = 13
2 x 13 = 26
3 x 13 = 39
So 39 ÷ 13 = 3 kilograms of lanzones for each customer
2) Use of repeated subtraction

Let the pupils subtract 13 from 39 repeatedly until they reach the
difference of 0.
39 1 26 2 13 3
DRAFT
– 13 – 13 – 13
26 13 0
So, what is the division sentence that we can use to represent the
problem? (39 ÷ 13 = 3)
April 10, 2014

a) How many times did we subtract 13 from 39?
b) Is the number of times 13 is subtracted from 39 equivalent to the
quotient 3?
b. Collette has PhP48. She wants to buy handkerchiefs for her sister. If each
handkerchief costs PhP15, how many handkerchiefs can she buy with her
money? How much change will she get?
1) Have the pupils divide 48 by 15 to solve the problem.
Let them look for the multiples of the divisor 15.
1 x 15 = 15
2 x 15 = 30
3 x 15 = 45
There are 3 groups of 15 in 48. Since 3 x 15 = 45, subtract 45 from 48.
48 – 45 =3
Therefore: 48 ÷ 15 = 3 r 3
Collette can buy 3 handkerchiefs with her money. Her change would
be PhP3.
227

2) Another solution: Repeated subtraction
48 ÷ 15 = 3 r. 3 48 – 15 = 3 33 – 15 = 18 18 – 15 = 3
1 2 3
3
15 48 How many 13s are there in 39?
– 45 48 ÷ 15 = 3
3 x 15 = 45
3
48 – 45 = 3 (The remainder is 3 since there is no
more digit to bring down in the
division process.)
DRAFT
Divide the class into three groups.
Have the pupils solve the problem in different ways. Let them present their
work to the class.
Cleff has 96 pieces of marbles to be placed equally in 12 boxes.
April 10, 2014

How many marbles will be in each box?

How do we divide 2-digit numbers by 2-digit divisors?

Ask pupils to find the quotient in the exercises of Activity 1 in the LM. Let them
write their answers on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 10 r 11 2) 7 3) 20 r 4 4) 6 5) 37 r 4 6) 30 r 1 7) 12

How are 2- to 3-digit numbers divided by 2-digit numbers?

Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Have the pupils find the quotient. Let them show
their solutions on their paper.
Answer Key: 1) 8 2) 3 3) 4 r 4 4) 8 r 12 5) 19
C. Evaluation
228

Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Let the pupils fill in the blanks. Ask them to choose
the answer from the numbers in the box. Have them write their answers on their
papers.
Answer Key: 1) 7 2) 1 3) 20 4) 23 5) 11
D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in the LM. Ask the pupils to complete the table. Let them
copy the activity on their notebooks. Have them work at home.
Answer Key: 1) 2 r 12 2) 4 3) 5 4) 11 r 6 5) 20 r 8
Lesson 50 Dividing 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 10 and 100
Week 8
Objective
Divide 2- to 3-digit numbers by 10 and 100
Value Focus
DRAFT
Helpfulness

Division and Multiples of 10 and 100
Materials
“Show me” boards
April 10, 2014

1. Drill
Skip counting activities: Provide a sample activity for this.
Give the missing numbers to complete the pattern.
10 20 30 50
70 80 90 100
160 170 180 190
900 800 500
2. Review
Complete each table by following the rule.
Given Multiply by 10 Multiply by 100

2 20 200
229

3 30 300
4
5
6
7
8
9
3. Motivation
Divide the class into three groups. Provide each group a multiplication grid.
Example: (6 x 15)
Multiplier
Multiplicand
DRAFT
a. First, show partition of larger number to make it easier for them to
complete the grid. Example: 15 = 10 + 5
b. Write the sum of the number (10 and 5) under the “multiplicand” column.
The larger number (10) should be written first followed by the smaller
number 5.
April 10, 2014

Multiplier
Multiplicand 6
10
5
c. Then, multiply the digit on the top row by the multiplier (10 x 6) = 60. Write
the answer on the first row under the “multiplier” column. Repeat the
same procedure for the other number (5 x 6 = 30).
d. Finally, add the products of these two number (60 + 30) = 90
Multiplier
Multiplicand 6
10 60
5 30
Sum: 90
Answer the following using the grid.
Group 1: 4 x 65
230

Multiplier
Multiplicand 4
Group 2: 7 x 48
Multiplier
Multiplicand 7
Group 23: 6 x 32
Multiplier
Multiplicand 6
DRAFT
A civic organization receives a donation of 200 bottles of mineral water for
the victims of Typhoon Yolanda in Tacloban City. The bottles of mineral water
will be distributed equally among 10 families. How many bottles of mineral
water would each family receive?
Can you help them find ways on how to distribute the number of bottles
April 10, 2014

equally among them?
Let us find 200 divided by 10.

1. Use of family of multiplication 2. Cross Out 3. Long Method
and division facts Method/Short Step 1
cut method 2
2x1=2 2÷1=2 10 200
20 x 1 = 20 20 ÷ 10 = 2 Cross out zeros to - 20
20 x 10 = 200 200 ÷ 10 = 20 make division Divide: 20 ÷ 10 = 2
easier. Multiply 2 x 10 = 20
Each Barangay will receive 20 200 ÷ 10 Subtract 20 - 20 = 0
boxes of noodles
Cross out the same Step 2
number of zeros in 20
both the dividend 10 200
and divisor. - 20
20 ÷ 10 = 2 0 bring down
- 0 zero in the
Think: 0 ones place
2 tens ÷ 2 = 2 tens
231

Divide 0 ÷ 10 = 0
So 200 ÷ 10 = 20 Multiply 0 x 10 = 0
Subtract 0 - 0 = 0
Ask:
a. Which method would you think is easier to use? Why?
b. As a pupil what can you offer/give to these people who were victims of
typhoon Yolanda? Why?
Let us have another example:
9000 ÷ 100 =
Look at the number of zeros in the divisor, then cross-out as many zeros in the
dividend as there are in the divisor. What do you get?
9000 ÷ 100 =
90 ÷ 1 = 90
DRAFT
So, 9000 ÷ 100 = 90
Let us have more examples
Let us find 42 ÷ 10. Let us find 8250 ÷ 100.
April 10, 2014

4 r2 8 r 25
10 42 100 825
- 40 - 800
2 25
There are no digits left to divide,
so 2 is the remainder. 100 is greater than 25, so 25 is
the remainder.
The answer is 4 remainder 2.
The answer is 8 remainder 25.

a. Divide the pupils into four groups.
Group 1 and 2 will find the answer using the family of multiplication and
division facts and the remaining groups will be using cross-out method or
cancellation.
Ask the pupils to post their answers on the board and let the group
leader explain their work.
Groups 1 and 2 Groups 3 and 4
232

1) 320 ÷ 10 1) 460 ÷ 10
2) 560 ÷ 10 2) 680 ÷ 10
3) 125 ÷ 10 3) 375 ÷ 10
4) 2560 ÷ 100 4) 3150 ÷ 10
5) 4500 ÷ 100 5) 5420 ÷ 10
b. Have pupils work on Activities 1 and 2 in the LM. Tell them to write their
answers on their papers.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: A. 1) 65 2) 10 3) 10 4) 48 r 6 5) 9 r 3
B. 1) 6 2) 25 3) 50 4) 40 5) 78
Activity 2: 1) a 2) b 3) a 4) a 5) d

What are the methods used in dividing numbers by 10 and 100 without
remainder? with remainder?

a. Group Activity: Form the class into four groups. Let them answer the
activity using their answer sheet.
DRAFT
Follow the number paths. Write the answer in your answer sheet.
1) Start
50 X100 ÷10 ?
2) Start
April 10, 2014

÷100
300 ?
X10
÷10
3) Start
÷100
367 ?
X100
÷10
4) Start
÷100
52 ?
X100
÷10
Answer Key: 1) 500 2) 3 3) 36 r 7 4) 5 r 2
b. Have pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM.

Answer Key:
1) 56 2) 8 3) 43 4) 75 5) 62 6) 81 7) 90 8) 10
233

c. Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Have them solve the activity
in their notebook.
Answer Key:
1) 56 2) 8 3) 43 4) 75 5) 62 6) 81 7) 40 8) 10 9) 12 10) 9

What do you do to divide whole numbers by 10 or 100?
To divide whole numbers by 10 or 100, cancel the same number of zeros
from both the dividend and the divisor.

Solve the following problems. (Four in each group)
1. The 500 pupils of San Isidro Elementary School are going on a field trip.
They will be distributed equally among ten buses. How many pupils will
be in each bus?
2. The pupils are going to watch the dolphin show which can
accommodate 100 pupils per group. How many groups of 100 will
there be in 500?
3. Angela and Cathy assist their teacher in arranging books in the library.
They have to put 400 books in 10 book shelves. How many books will
DRAFT
there be in a bookshelf?
4. There are different kinds of books in the library. If there are 100 books of
each kind, how many kinds of books are there in 800?
5. Renz and Angelu help their father pack mangoes to be sold in the
market. They have gathered 850 mangoes to be divided equally
between 10 baskets. How many mangoes are there in every basket?
April 10, 2014

Answer Key: 1) 50 buses 2) 5 groups 3) 40 books 4) 8 kinds 5) 85
mangoes
C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activities 5 and 6 in the LM. Check their answers.
Answer Key:
Activity 5
Number sentence
Quotient
Divisor: 10 Divisor: 100
1) 9 90 ÷ 10 900 ÷ 100
2) 7 70 ÷ 10 700 ÷ 100
3) 36 360 ÷ 10 3 600 ÷ 100
4) 60 600 ÷ 10 6 000 ÷ 100
5) 78 780 ÷ 10 7 800 ÷ 100
Activity 6
1) 48 2) 56 3) 61 4) 82 5) 95 6) 4 7) 5 8) 6 9) 8 10) 9 11) 4 r 9
12) 7 r 5 13) 1 r 25 14) 3 r 66 15) 95
234

D. Home Activity
Divide the following by 10 and then by 100. Write the answers in your notebook.
120 230 360 225 300 345 500 623 1400 2300
Answer Key:
Divisor 120 230 360 225 300 345 500 623 1 400 2 300
10 12 23 36 22 r 30 34 r 50 62 r 140 230
5 5 3
100 1r 2r 3r 2r 3 3r 5 6r 14 23
20 30 60 25 45 23
Lesson 51 Estimating the Quotient
Week 9
Objective
Estimate the quotient of 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1- to 2-digit numbers with
reasonable results
DRAFT
Rounding off numbers
Materials
“Show Me” boards, number wheel
April 10, 2014

1. Drill
Show the number wheel to the class. Distribute “Show me” boards to the
pupils. Instruct them to round off each number that the pointer indicates.
235

2. Review
Divide the class into five groups. Let them complete the grid for 3 minutes.
Make a table as shown below. Let the pupils divide the numbers along the
first row (dividend) with the numbers along the first column (divisor). Write the
quotient in the grid. Provide an example.
Dividend
÷ 90 120 150
3 30
Divisor
DRAFT
10
April 10, 2014

Present a problem.
Let the pupils analyze the given problem.

A jeepney driver travelled a total distance of 325 km in
31 days. About how many kilometers did he travel in each
day? (This is assuming he did not have a day off and the
distance covered daily is uniform).
Ask:
a. What process will you use to solve the word problem?
b. How will you represent the problem into a number sentence?
c. Can you think of a possible solution to get the answer?
Look at the given: 325 ÷ 31.

Ask the pupils to estimate 325 ÷ 31.
Lead the pupils in discovering the steps.
Lead them to answer the problem by asking questions. Write the pupils’
response on the chart.
236

Ask:
d. What is the divisor in the given? How many digits are in the divisor?
e. What about the dividend?
f. What is 31 when you round it off to the nearest tens?
Now, can you think of a compatible number closer to 325 that can be
divided by 31?
Explain compatible numbers in math are numbers that are close together in
value. They can be used for estimations, or when attempting to do mental
math. For example, 21 ÷ 11, the compatible numbers are 20 ÷ 10 because 20
can be easily divided by 10. So the estimated quotient of 21 ÷ 11 is 2.
Given Round the Think of Estimate

divisor Compatible
Numbers
What are 352 ÷ 31 300 ÷ 30 325 ÷ 31
given?
31 rounds to 10 10
325 ÷ 31 30
DRAFT
(Ask the pupils to give possible answers.)
From your list, which among these numbers is closer to 325 and can be a
compatible number to divide?
April 10, 2014

Now, what is your estimate answer?
How far did the driver travel a day?
Does it mean that the driver travels more or less than 10 kilometers in a day?
Why? (The driver travels more than 10 km in a day because 325 ÷ 31 = 10 r 15,
which is greater than 10 km.)
Let us have more examples:

If Karen pours 80 glasses of buko juice into 9 pitchers, about
how many glasses of buko juice will be in each pitcher?
Let us estimate the quotient of 80 ÷ 9. Look at the divisor. How many digits do
we have in the divisor? What about the dividend?
This time let us analyze the dividend. Can you think of a number which is
close to 80?
What is the closest number to 80 that can be divided by 9? (81)
237

Now, what is 81 ÷ 9? (9)
So, there will be 9 glasses of buko juice in each pitcher.
Why is it important to think of the basic facts in estimating the quotient?
Is the quotient of 33 ÷ 4 greater than or less than 8?
Now look at 33. This number is close to what number? (32)

32 ÷ 4 = 8
To check, let us multiply 8 and 4, and you will have the same answer.
Emphasize that, in estimating quotients, we do not round a 1-digit divisor.

a. Present the activity to the class. Let the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM
using their paper.
Answer Key:
Given Round off the Think of Estimate
DRAFT
divisor compatible
numbers
1) 184 ÷ 11 10 180 ÷ 10 18
2) 338 ÷ 48 50 350 ÷ 50 7
3) 508 ÷ 21 20 500 ÷ 20 25
4) 677 ÷ 56 60 660 ÷ 60 11
April 10, 2014

5) 889 ÷ 78 80 880 ÷ 80 11
b. Divide the class into five groups.

Provide an activity card for each group to perform.
Ask somebody from the group to report their output.
Group 1 1) 25 ÷ 6 = __________
2) 274 ÷ 9 = __________
Group 2 3) 41 ÷ 7 = __________
4) 526 ÷ 12 = __________
Group 3 5) 65 ÷ 8 = __________
6) 615 ÷ 28 = __________
Group 4 7) 74 ÷ 9 = __________
8) 479 ÷ 18 = __________
Group 5 9) 85 ÷ 5 = __________
10) 285 ÷ 5 = __________
c. Activity: Read and answer the activity below. Give this problem one at a
time. Let the pupils answer each item for one minute.
(Present this sample first.)
238

Ask: What basic division fact can you use to help you estimate the
quotient of 14 ÷ 5? Explain.
Possible answer: 15 ÷ 5 = 3. Since 14 is close to 15, the quotient is about 15.

Ask:
1) Is the quotient of 49 ÷ 6 greater than or less than 8? Explain.
(Answer: 48 ÷ 6 = 8, so 49 ÷ 6 is greater than 8)

(Answer: 54 ÷ 9 = 6, so 53 ÷ 9 is less than 6)

(Answer: 42 ÷ 7 = 6, so 41 ÷ 7 is less than 6)

Ask:
a. How did you do to get the answer?
b. Why is it important to round off the divisor in estimating quotient?
DRAFT
Have pupils answer Activity 2 in the LM. Check pupils’ work.
Answer Key: Activity 2

A. 1) 40 2) 36 3) 40 4) 40 5) 36
B. 1) 20 ÷ 5 = 4 2) 28 ÷ 4 = 7 3) 36 ÷ 4 = 9
4) 64 ÷ 8 = 8 or 72 ÷ 8 = 9 5) 95 ÷ 5 = 19
April 10, 2014

C. 1) 120 ÷ 20 = 6 2) 320 ÷ 80 = 4 3)420 ÷ 60 = 7
4) 720 ÷ 90 = 8 or 800 ÷ 100 = 8 5) 810 ÷ 90 = 9
For additional activity, let the pupils estimate the quotient of the following. Let
them write their answers in their notebooks.
1) 16 ÷ 5
a. Write the closest number to 16 that divides 5 evenly _______
b. Write a new number sentence
c. 16 ÷ 5 is about _______
2) 786 ÷ 37
a. Write the closest number to 786 that divides 37 evenly _____
b. Write a new number sentence
c. 786 ÷ 37 is about _______

Ask: How can we estimate the quotient?
To estimate a quotient, round the divisors.

Think of the compatible numbers to divide the estimate.
239

Have pupils work on Activities 3 and 4 in the LM. Discuss and check pupils’
answers.
Answer Key:
Activity 3: 1) 64 ÷ 8 = 8, about 8 pupils
2) 48 ÷ 3 = 16, 16 in each group
3) 700 ÷ 10 = 10, about 70 pupils or 732 ÷ 12 = 61, about 61 pupils
Activity 4
Day Number of Players Number of Teams
1. Monday 73 8
2. Tuesday 37 4
3. Wednesday 82 9
4. Thursday 55 6
5. Friday 46 5
C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 5 in the LM. Check pupils’ work.
DRAFT
Answer Key:
A.
Estimate > or < Exact Quotient
1) 64 ÷ 7 63 ÷ 7 = 9 < 9r1
2) 83 ÷ 9 81 ÷ 9 = 9 < 9r2
3) 130 ÷ 8 120 ÷ 8 = 15 < 16 r 2
4) 396 ÷ 4 400 ÷ 4 = 100 > 99
April 10, 2014

5) 850 ÷ 9 850 ÷ 10 = 85 < 94 r 4
6) 244 ÷ 37 240 ÷ 40 = 6 < 6 r 22
7) 300 ÷ 59 300 ÷ 60 = 5 < 5r5
8) 397 ÷ 4 400 ÷ 4 = 100 > 99 r 1
9) 230 ÷ 73 210 ÷ 70 = 3 < 3 r 11
10) 545 ÷ 50 550 ÷ 50 = 11 > 10 r 45
B. 1) exact 2) exact 3) estimate
D. Home Activity
Have pupils work on Activity 6 in the LM. Have them estimate the quotient.
Answer Key: A. 1) 5 2) 50 3) 540 ÷ 6 = 90 4) 9 5) 440 ÷ 20 = 22

B. Pupils’ answers vary
Lesson 52 Dividing Mentally 2-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers

without Remainder
240

Week 9
Objective
Divide mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without remainder
Value Focus
Cooperation
Prerequisite Skills
Division, factors of a given number
Materials
Cut-outs, real objects, flash cards
1. Drill
Contest: “A Step for Victory”
DRAFT
Mechanics:
1. Pupils will be grouped into fives. Participants from each group will be
called one at a time.
2. Flash the cards with word problems or mathematical facts such as:
a. I'm thinking of a number. When you divide it by 3 the
April 10, 2014

quotient is 6. What is the number?
b. The dividend is 10, the quotient is 2, what is the divisor?
c. The divisor is 5, the quotient is 9, what is the dividend?
d. The divisor is 7, the dividend is 21, what is the
quotient?
e. The dividend is 81, the divisor is 9, what is the quotient?
2 7 30 8 63 28 12
x6 +8 - 11 x4 ÷ 9 ÷ 7 +23
3. The first pupil to give the correct answer will make a step forward together
with his/her group mates. The first set of pupils from each group will then
go at the back of their other group mates.
4. Another set of pupils from each group will answer another mathematical
problem. The first pupil to give the correct answer will make a step forward
together with his/her group mates. This set of pupils from each group will
also go at the back of their other group mates.
5. Do this activity until one group reaches the finish line and will be declared
the winner.
241

2. Review
Find the missing numbers.
1. 3 x 3 = ______ 4. 4 x 4 = ______
2. 30 x ____ = 90 5. 5 x ____ = 200
3. ____ x 3 = 900
What multiplication pattern did you use to find the missing number?
3. Motivation
Say:
Get 9 counters, e.g. popsicle sticks. Suppose you will give these counters
equally to your 3 friends for your science activity, how many counters will
each of your friends receive? Using your “Show me” boards, draw how you
will group these counters equally.
1. Into how many groups did you divide the counters? Why?
2. How many counters will be given to each of your friends?
3. Using your show cards, draw different ways of grouping 12 equally.
4. What is the basic fact that you used in the problem? (9 ÷ 3) = 3
5. Do you also share your toys? Why?
DRAFT
6. How do you feel when you share your toys?

Present a word problem.
April 10, 2014

Miss Hilario has 90 books in mathematics. She wants to divide these books
equally among 3 sections. How many books will each section receive?
Ask:
a. How many books does Miss Hilario have?
b. What does she want to do with the books?
c. How shall she solve the problem?
d. What is the number sentence? (90 ÷ 3 = n)
Let us analyse the given in the problem:

Say: Let’s answer 90 ÷ 3 mentally.
Ask: Look at the dividend. Is it divisible by 10?
Since 90 is a multiple of 10, you can simply use the basic fact to divide 90 by 3
mentally
90 ÷ 3 = 9 tens divided by 3 equals 3 tens.

So, 90 ÷3 =30
Each section will have 30 books.
What strategy did you use to get the answer? (Family fact/basic division fact)
242

If Miss Hilario will distribute the 90 books to 30 schools in Manila, how many
books will each school receive?
What process will you use to solve the problem?

Look at the number of zeros in both the dividend and divisor.
Can we cross out the same number of zeros in both the dividend and divisor?
(Write the equation on the board.)
90÷ 30 = 3
Now think 9 ÷ 3 = 3
So, what is 90 ÷ 30 = 3
Each school will receive 3 books.
What do you call this strategy, when you cancelled the same number of
zeros both in dividend and in divisor? (Cross-out method)
Can you divide 95 by 5 without using paper and pencil?

Let us find the answer:
DRAFT
Can you rename the dividend 95?
Write the pupils’ response on the board
By renaming:
95 ÷ 5 = (60 ÷ 5) + (35 ÷ 5)
12 + 7 = 19
April 10, 2014

So, 95 ÷ 5 =19
In this example, what did you do to divide mentally? (rename the

dividend)
What do you call this strategy? (Renaming)
Let us use 95 ÷ 5 in dividing mentally using another strategy:

Ask: What is the divisor? (5)
If the divisor is 5, multiply it by 2 to make it 10.
Multiply also the dividend by 2 to compensate and divide its product by 10.
95 ÷ 5 = (95 x 2) ÷ (5 x 2)
190 ÷ 10 = 19
What strategy did you use to divide? 95 ÷ 5? (Compensation)

a. Divide the following mentally using any method. Use your show me board.
The teacher will read the given. When she says “stop” the pupils will raise
their show me board.
1. 45÷ 5 6. 76÷4
243

2. 54 ÷ 3 7. 72÷ 3
3. 60 ÷ 2 8. 85÷ 5
4. 68 ÷ 4 9. 90 ÷ 6
5. 70÷ 5 10. 98 ÷ 7
b. Group Activity
Divide the class into four groups. Ask a representative from each group to
serve as guard in the other group. The guard will insure that the group
members are not using paper and pencil to get the correct answer.
The fastest group with the most number of correct answers wins.
Let them do Activity 1 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 15 2) 19 3) 38 4) 17 5) 16

Ask:
 How did you get the answers in the activity?
DRAFT
 How many digits are there in the dividends? the divisor?
 Can we get the answer without using our paper and pencil? How?
 What strategies did you use in dividing mentally?
 Which among the strategies given is the easiest for you to divide
mentally? Why?
April 10, 2014

a. Prepare cards with mathematical problems. Instruct one pupil to pick one
card from the box. Then ask the pupil to read the question and give the
correct answer. (The teacher should have ready-made questions before
the activity.)
Examples:
1. 45 ÷ 3 = _____
2. _____ ÷ 10 = 5
3. 60 ÷ _____ = 30
4. 75 ÷ _____ = 25
5. How many tens are there in 60?
6. How many fives are there in 75?
7. What is 46 ÷ 2?
8. How many 15s are there in 60?
b. Refer pupils to Activity 2 in the LM. Have them use mental division to
complete each table.
244

c. Choose one dividend from house A and one divisor from house B to make
a division sentence. You may use each number more than once.
Dividend Divisor
A B
32 27 56 5 8 6
63 48 24 3 4 2
72 81 9 7
DRAFT
5. Summarizing The Concept
How do we divide mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without
remainder?
April 10, 2014

To divide mentally, rename the dividend to numbers that are easy to divide,
then add their quotient.
When the divisor is 5, use compensation method to divide mentally. This

means, multiply the divisor 5 by 2 to make it 10.Then multiply the dividend by
2 and divide its product by 10.

a. Let the pupils solve the following problems mentally.
1. There are 36 mangoes on the table. If Rina will put 4 mangoes in each
box, how many boxes will be used?
2. Mang Tomas sells rice in the market. He wants to pack 75 kilos of rice
into 5-kilo bags. How many bags will he need?
3. Mrs. Padilla’s class is 60 minutes. She wants to divide her class time into
3 equal periods. How many minutes will each period be?
4. Mother buys 36 meters of cloth for her dress shop. She has to distribute
it to her 3 sewers equally.
a. How many meters will each sewer receive?
b. How could you use a basic fact to find the answer?
245

b. Give Activity 3 in the LM to pupils. Have them construct division sentences
mentally using the given number as dividend.
C. Evaluation
1. Provide the activity below and let the pupils solve mentally then compare
the quotients using greater than, less than or equal to.
1) 35 ÷ 7 _____ 16 ÷ 4
2) 48 ÷ 6 _____ 63 ÷ 7
3) 56 ÷ 7 _____ 24 ÷ 3
4) 88 ÷ 4 _____ 60 ÷ 5
5) 90 ÷ 3 _____ 96 ÷ 3
2. Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Have them explain the method
they used to solve the problem.
Pupils’ answers vary. Check the reasonableness of pupils’ answers.
Possible answer:
(10 pieces of pencils x PhP6.00) + (1 pad paper x PhP15.00) = PhP75.00
D. Home Activity
DRAFT
Assign Activity 5 in the LM as homework. Let pupils write their answers in their
notebooks. (Pupils’ answers vary)
Lesson 53 Solving Problems involving Division without
April 10, 2014

or with any other Operations of Whole Numbers
Week 10
Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving division of 2- to 4-digit numbers by
1- to 2-digit numbers without or with any other operations of whole number including
money using appropriate problem strategies and tools
Value Focus
Resourcefulness, Helpfulness

Division and multiplication facts
Materials
Flashcards
246

1) Drill
Flash cards with the division facts and let the pupils solve mentally.
1. 18÷3 = 6. 63÷7 = 9
2. 24÷ 4 = 7. 70÷ 5 =
3. 32÷ 8 = 8. 80÷ 4 =
4. 49 ÷7 = 9. 81 ÷9 =
5. 56 ÷9 = 10. 90 ÷ 10 =
2) Review
Shows a flash card with illustration and ask the pupils to write the division
and fact family using their “show me” board one at a time.
Example:
1.
DRAFT
Number sentence: M 2 x 6= 12
2.
D 12÷ 6 = 8
3.
April 10, 2014
M _____________
D ____________

M _____________ M _______________
D _____________ D _______________
3) Motivation
Ask:
What have you seen in the picture?
What can you say about the current price of rice in the
market?
Why do you think most of us like to eat rice?
247


Present a problem.
Mang Ramon packed 96 kilos of rice into 12-kilo bags. A bag of rice was sold
for PhP400 each. If he paid his helper PhP500, how much did he earn?
Let us analyze the problem. Use the following steps:
Steps Questions Response

Solving problem requires What do you need to find The amount the owner
understanding and out in the problem? earned
analysis of the problem. What does the problem
tell?
What information do you 96 kilos of rice packed into
have? 12-kilo bags.
A bag of rice was sold at
PhP400 each.
What are the hidden Salary of helper PhP500,
DRAFT
questions?
How many 12-kilo bags of
rice were sold?
Plan: Division and multiplication
Knowing all the needed What operations to use? and subtraction
information and data,
April 10, 2014

determining what ((96÷ 12) x PhP400)
operations to use. Write a number sentence. - PhP500 =______
Solve Perform the operations. 96÷ 12 =8
Do the operation inside PhP400 x 8 = PhP3 200
the ( )first. PhP3 200 – 500=PhP2 700
Answer: The vendor earned
PhP270
Let’s have more examples:

1. Annie is using plastic string to make key chains. Initially, she had 175 cm of
plastic string. She used 30 cm for one key chain. Is Annie going to have
enough plastic string for five more key chains of the same size?
Do you have any idea on how to solve this problem? Let’s figure out!
248

Understand What facts do you know?
• The roll of string is 175 cm long.
• Each keychain is 30 cm long.
• She has already used 40 cm of string.
What do you need to find?
• Does Annie have enough string to make 6 more key
chains?
Plan (The teacher should bring the following to facilitate the

learning process.
Use the act it out strategy with a piece of string that is 175
cm long.
Mark off the amount used for the first keychain, 30 cm,
and continue marking off lengths of 30 cm until there are
six more key chains or no more string left
Solve
30 cm 30 cm 30 cm 30 cm 30 cm 25 cm
DRAFT
0 30 cm 60 cm 90 cm 120 cm 150 cm 175 cm
2.
Notice that there is only enough string for 4 more key
J chains. So, there is not enough plastic string for 5 more
e key chains.
n
April 10, 2014

n Check Look back. Is the answer reasonable? Check by
y multiplying. Since 30 × 5 = 150 and 30 × 6 = 180, there is
only enough string for 5 key chains in all, not 6.
has 15 pieces of stars. She wants to share them equally with her 3 friends,
how many stars will each of them receive?
Can you think of different ways to solve this?
Provide cut–outs of 15 pieces of stars. Ask the pupils to group the stars to
demonstrate equal sharing.
Ask: Can we group the stars into 3 equally?
Ask two pupils to demonstrate the groupings.
Possible Answers:
Pupil 1 will give the stars one at a time to her friends until all the stars
are given.
Pupil 2 will give 5 stars at once to each of her friends.
So, each of them will receive 5 stars.
a. Work in pairs.
249

Instruct the pupils to work in pair. The teacher will post a question on the
board.
Ask them to draw a picture to illustrate the sharing of 6 pieces of
50-peso bills equally distributed among 5 friends. How much will each
receive?
Let the pupils explain their work.
b. Have pupils read and answer Activity 1 in the LM. Have them use
different strategies in finding the answer. Let them explain their answer.
(Pupils’ strategies may vary.)
Answer Key: (possible answers)
1) Yes, 60 – (7 x 7) = 60 – 49 = 11sandwiches left
2) PhP850 ÷ 120 = 7 r 10; 10 pesos would be left after 7 days
3) 2 161 ÷ 200 = 10 r 161, 10 baskets with 200 mangoes and 161 mangoes
will be put in one basket

Ask: What are the different strategies in finding the answer?
DRAFT
Group Activity
Divide the class into six groups. Distribute the activity cards. Ask them to
show their solution and post their work after answering the activity.
Groups 1 and 2
Jovie saves PhP 225.00. She would like to buy identical gifts for her 3 friends.
April 10, 2014

How much is the cost of gift that she would give to them?
Groups 3 and 4
Look at the table below.
1. Helper A can carry 10 boxes of rambutan
2. Helper B can carry 8 boxes of rambutan
3. Helper C can carry 6 boxes of rambutan
How many different ways could the three helpers divide the boxes of
rambutan? How do you know that you have shown all the possible ways of
grouping 24?
Groups 5 and 6
There are 225 pupils in Grade 3. If the pupils are divided equally into 5
sections, how many pupils are there in each section?
Illustrate the sentences below and write the number sentence.
1. PhP3 200 is given to 80 pupils.

2. Mario bought 3 kilos of rice worth PhP112.
3. 32 pieces of pandesal given to 4 pupils
4. 60 goats owned equally by 6 farmers
250

5. How many 50’s are there in 6 000?

Ask: What are the different strategies /methods in solving word problems?

a. Have pupils work on Activity 2 in the LM. Have them illustrate or show the
different ways of grouping/answering the given problems.
Answer Key:
1) 4 cupcakes
2) Yes, because PhP750 ÷ (5 + 2) = PhP107 with PhP1 remaining
3) 3 packs of noodles, 4 kilos of rice and 1 bar of laundry soap for each
household
4) Yes, because 35 x PhP50 = PhP1 750, PhP1 750 is less than PhP6 000.
5) Pupils answers may vary
b. Have them work on Activity 3 in the LM.
Answer Key: Strategies of pupils’ may vary.
Possible solutions:
DRAFT
1) Pupils may draw 76 objects and group them into 12 sets of 6. The
number of objects left is 4.
2) PhP920 ÷ 20 = 46 twenty-pesos
3) 15 4) 25 5) 6 groups of 100
c. Let the pupils answer the following questions by pairs. Let them show their
April 10, 2014

solutions in their notebook
1) A baker bakes 1 720 cookies. He placed 25 pieces in each plastic
bag. How many plastic bags of cookies were there in all?
2) Seven boys ate their lunch at the canteen. The meal cost PhP238.
They agreed to share equally the expenses. What was the share of
each boy?
Answer Key:
1) 68 plastic bags with 25 cookies and 20 remaining cookies
2) PhP34 share of each boy
C. Evaluation
Let the pupils answer the problems below on their paper.
Direction: Read and answer the problems.

1) A sampaguita vendor gathered 800 sampaguita flowers. She used 10 flowers
to make a garland. How many garlands did she make?
2) Mr Reyes‘s store had 144 pairs of socks. The socks were sold in packages of 12
pairs. How many packages were there?
3) Mrs. Abellardo withdrew PhP2 500 from the bank. She bought grocery items
worth PhP1 375 and the remaining amount would be given equally among
251

her 3 children as their weekly allowance. How much would each child
receive? Explain your answer.
Answer Key: 1) 80 garlands 2) 12 packages 3) PhP375 per child
D. Home Activity
Let pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM.
(Pupils’ answers may vary.)
Lesson 54 Creating Problems involving Divisions or with any of
the other Operations of Whole Numbers
Week 10
Objective
Create problems involving division or with any of the other operations of whole
numbers including money with reasonable answers
Value Focus
Sharing
DRAFT
Multiplication, Addition and Subtraction of numbers including money
Materials
Flashcards, smartboard, pictures, guava fruits, plastic knives, cutouts, play money,
coins
April 10, 2014

1. Drill
Use the operation of multiplication and division to fill in the empty boxes.
a. b.
X X
6 48 5 10 50

x x
1/4 1/2
3
30 150
72 144
2. Review
Have the pupils complete some number sentences on the board.
1) 3 2) 4 3) 4) 6 5) 7
252

x 3 x x 3 x4 x .
8 12 21
3. Motivation
What steps do you follow in problem-solving?
* Understand the problem
* Plan the solution
* Solve
* Check for review
What do you do to understand a problem?

 Read and reread
How do you decide what to do?
 By noting how the quantities are related to each other
How do you check your answer?
 Do the problem over again, do the problem in a different way
1. Presentation
DRAFT
Post the story on the board. (also found in LM)
Six children were playing in the backyard. Two more
children came to join. Then they picked 24 guavas.
April 10, 2014

Ask pupils to make questions that can be answered using division or with
other operations. Then let them solve the created problem.
Examples:
How many guavas will each of the six children receive if they divide the
guavas equally among them?
How many guavas will all the children receive if they divide the guavas
equally among them?

Ask: Can you also create your own problem like the one given, where you
can involve division or any other operations?
Divide the class into groups. Let each group answer the different situations.
Situation 1:
Read the story and make a problem involving division.
A shirt company made 475 shirts last week. The workers

only work from Monday to Friday.
253

Situation 2:
Write a problem involving division and with any of the other operations using
the information in the box.
afternoon snacks for your classmates,

PhP1 000 , banana, brown sugar, gulaman, tube ice
Situation 3:
Make a problem using the table below.
Animal Number of Animals Number of Cages

bird 20 2
dog 9 4
rabbit 18 3

Divide the class into groups of five.
Post the two best problems in each situation and let them do the tasks below.
DRAFT
a. Ask each group to role play the situation and report on how many ideas
they generated:
In how many ways can come up with PhP1 000 using 8 pieces of paper
bills? List the combinations.
What is the least number of paper bills equivalent to PhP1 000?
April 10, 2014

What is the most number of paper bills equivalent to PhP1 000?
b. Have the pupils share strategies that they can use to write problems in
which the remainder is 3.
(Possible answer: Add 3 to the product of a multiplication fact that
uses 3 as a factor, such as 4 x 3= 12. Divide the sum by the other factor,
12 + 3 = 15, 15 ÷ 4 = 3 r 3)

Let the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM. Ask the pupils to work with a partner
and make a problem with reasonable answer based on the given situation.
Answer Key: Pupils’ answers may vary.
Possible answers:
1) There are 45 pupils in a class. They are given 100 packs of powdered milk.
If each pupil will be given equal number of powdered milk, how many
packs will each of them receive? 100 ÷ 45 = 2 r 10; two packs of
powdered milk per pupil
2) Teresa counted 100 feet of chickens and goats in their farm. If the
number of goats is one more than the number of chickens, how many
chickens and goats are there? 17 goats and 16 chickens
254

17 goats x 4 = 68 feet; 16 chickens x 2 feet = 32 feet

How do you create a problem on a given situation?
 Familiarize with the concepts in math. Think of the

application to everyday life situations.
 Think of the type of problem you want to make and the
operations involved. Relate the problem to a real-life
situation.
 Read more math problems. Study the solution in solving
the problems.
 Make your own styles in generating ideas.
DRAFT
a. Let the pupils answer Activity 2 in LM.
Encourage the pupils to exchange and solve each other’s riddles.

Answer for the sample riddle:
5 children, because the 4 daughters has only one brother
April 10, 2014

b. Divide the class into groups. Let the pupils answer Activity 3 in the LM.
C. Evaluation
Let the pupils make problems and give their reasonable answers to each
data in Activity 4 in the LM.
D. Home Activity
Let the pupils answer Activity 5 in the LM.
Possible Answers:
1) Three friends planted 84 pechay. Each plot has 14 pechay. How many
garden plots does each boy have?
255

one boy one boy one boy
2) No, at the rate of learning 2 words in 6 days, he will learn only 12 words
(2 x 6 = 12) not 15.
3) 13 ÷ 6 = 2 r 1; each person will get two glasses of pineapple juice
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
256

Lesson 55 Odd and Even Numbers
Week 1
Objective
Identify odd and even numbers
Value Focus
Alertness

Skip counting by 2s
Materials
Printed exercises, counters
DRAFT
1. Drill
Have the children name which number is greater and which number is
less.
5 and 7
23 and 21
April 10, 2014

424 and 426
1 330 and 1 329
2. Review
Have children discuss any pattern they see.
Add:
2+3= 2+4= 3+4=
3+5= 4+5= 3+5=
3. Motivation
Let pupils play a game “Open the Basket.”
1. Five pairs of pupils will hold hands to form a basket. The rest of the
pupils will go inside the baskets.
2. Say, “Open the basket three pupils* can go inside a basket”. Only
three pupils should be inside one basket. The pupil/s who was/were
not able to go inside any one of the baskets will sit down.
256

e.g. 30 pupils - 5 pairs of pupils to be in the baskets (10 pupils), 20
pupils can go inside the basket; so if the teacher says, three
pupils can go inside the basket (3 x 5 = 15 pupils), 5 pupils will sit
down
* Number of pupils who can go inside the basket may vary.
3. Remove one pair of the pupils who form a basket. Say again,
“Open the basket two pupils can go inside a basket”. Only two
pupils should be inside one basket. The pupil/s who was/were not
able to go inside any one of the baskets will sit down.
4. Repeat the game until only one pair of basket remains and only
one pupil is inside the basket.
Ask: What happens to pupils who were not able to find an empty
basket? What should you do so you will not sit down?
How many makes a pair?
DRAFT
Talk with pupils about things that come in pairs.
Let pupils work in fours.
- Provide each group 50 counters/objects. Tell them to count 20
counters/objects and group these in pairs.
- Next, tell the groups to count 19 counters/objects. Let them
arrange their objects again in pairs.
April 10, 2014

- Ask the pupils to compare the two groups of objects. Let them
describe how the 2 groups differ. Let them identify 20 as an even
number and 19 as an odd number. Tell them that a number is even
when all the objects come in pairs and it is odd when there is an
object without pair.
- Repeat with several other numbers, always identify the numbers as
even or odd. Have a pupil tell how it is decided that the number is
even or odd.
- Let the pupils study the underlined digits of the following numbers:
40, 56, 72, 174 and 7958.
What kind of numbers are they? Why?
- Do the same procedure with these odd numbers. 47, 23, 165, 821
and 6429.

Present this story problem to pupils.
Mrs. Ching’s class is going to join the school program, so the pupils
are lining up in pairs. Today she has 24 pupils in class. Does each pupil
257

have a partner? Why? What if there are only 23 pupils, will all the pupils
have a partner? Why?
Let the pupils solve the problem using their counters.
Ask them to show 24 and 23 in pairs.
Show 24 in pairs. Show 23 in pairs.
24 is even. 23 is odd.
All even numbers make pairs

All odd numbers have one without pair.
Even numbers end in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

Odd numbers end in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
Since 24 ends in 4, it is an even number.
DRAFT
So, each pupil in Mrs. Ching’s class has a partner.
Talk about it
- Can each person in your classroom have a partner? How can you
find out?
You can also find odd or even number patterns in sums.
April 10, 2014

Give these examples to pupils.
Ask:
6 + 6 = 12 What kind of numbers are the addends.

2+6=8 What is the sum of 2 even numbers?
2+7=9 What is the sum of an even number and an

6+1=7 odd number?
3+5=8 What is the sum of 2 odd numbers?

5 + 9 = 14

Ask: How did you find out whether a number is odd or even?
258

Refer to Activity 1 in LM. Ask the pupils to copy the numbers on their
paper. Let them write whether the number is odd or even.
Answer Key:
1) even 2) even 3) odd 4) odd 5) odd 6) odd 7) even 8) even
9) even 10) odd 11) odd 12) even 13) even 14) even 15) odd

When is a number even?
When is it odd?
Even numbers are numbers that can be divided exactly by 2. Even

numbers end in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.
Odd numbers are those numbers that cannot be exactly divided by 2.

Odd numbers end in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.

Refer to Activity 2 in LM. Have the pupils identify the number asked for
on their paper.
DRAFT
Answer Key: 1) 79 2) 123 3) 599 4) 1 398 5) 2 204
C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in LM. Have the pupils work on the puzzle on their
paper. Ask them to color the odd numbers red and the even numbers
green.
April 10, 2014

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in LM. Ask the pupils to answer the questions in their
notebooks.
Answer Key: 1) 16 2) 4 193 3) 9 + 8 =17 4) 210
5) even numbers 6) even numbers 7) odd numbers
8) 1 009 or 1 011 9) 12 and 14 10) 975

Lesson 56 Fractions Equal to One and Greater than One
Week 1
Objective
Visualize fractions that are equal to one and greater than one
Value Focus
Sharing
259

Fractions less than one
Materials
Illustration of fractions less than one, cake model, cut-outs of figures, number
lines
1. Drill
Let the pupils give the fractions for the shaded parts and unshaded
parts. Write their answer on the board.

DRAFT
2. Review

April 10, 2014

Game – “Climbing the Ladder”
a. Call on 2 pupils.
b. Engage them in a race in climbing the ladder by checking out all
fractions less than one. (The ladder should have the same
fractions).
260

c. The first pupil to come up with the most number of correct answers
wins the game. (Give some safety reminders like: Do not push each
other.
2 2
8 8
3 3
4 4
4 4
3 3
1 1
9 9
3
3
6
6
3
3
7
7
5
5
5
6
2
3
5
5
3
3
1
1
1
1
4
DRAFT
4
Ask: When is a fraction less than one?

A fraction is less than one when the numerator is less than the
denominator.
April 10, 2014

3. Motivation
Show a cake model.
On Ena’s birthday, her mother baked her a
cake. Ena divided it into 8 equal parts to be
shared among her friends.
Ask: How did Ena divide the cake?

Into how many equal parts was the cake
divided?
What will Ena do with the cake?

Present the following regions with all the parts shaded (cut-outs)
A B C
261

Ask: Into how many equal parts is figure A divided?
Figure B? Figure C?
What fractional parts are shaded?
2 4 8
What do you call the fractions , and ?
2 4
Let the pupil discover that fractions equal to one have the same
numerator and denominator.
Pose the problem story.
Mother came home with 2 egg pies. She cut each into 4 equal
parts. She gave her five children one piece each. What part of the
pies did mother give?
Illustrate the problem models of 2 egg pies cut into 4 equal parts.
Have the pupils act out the problem situation and post the model
showing the given parts.
DRAFT
Ask: What do you call each part? How many parts are there?
How many wholes were formed using the parts?
How many parts were there with the whole?
Lead them to see through the model posted on the board that these
parts are equal to one and 1 , a fraction more than a whole.
April 10, 2014

4
Write this as a fraction more than one. ( 5 )
4
Have the pupils compare the numerator and the denominator of the
fraction. Ask which of the two is greater.
Show this other way of presenting the lesson
1 whole
0 1 2 3
2 2 2
1 whole
0 1 2 3 4
3 3 3 3
262

1 whole
1 2 3 4 5 6
0
4 4 4 4 4 4
1 whole
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
For each number line, have the pupils figure out the number of equally
divided pieces needed to be equal to one. Have them express their
answers as fractions. Also, have them locate the fractions greater
than one in each number line. To increase their understanding, ask
them to compare the length represented by the fractions.

a. What kind of fractions are the following:
DRAFT
A B
2 3 4 5 6 3 4 7 8 5
2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 6 7
April 10, 2014

Ask: What kind of fractions are in A? in B? Why?
What do you notice about their numerators and
denominators?
b. Play a game. “Look for Partners”

1. Distribute different cut-outs of region divided into equal parts
2. Let them look for partners with shapes similar to theirs
3. When everybody has found his/her partner, let them form the
model of a whole and name it along with other parts.

How do we visualize fractions equal to one? More than one?

Refer to Activity 1 in LM. Let the pupils copy the activity on their paper.
Ask them to encircle the fractions that are equal to one in each set of
fractions. Box the fractions that are more than one.
263

When are fractions equal to one? more than one?
Fractions are called “fractions equal to one” when their numerators

and denominators are the same.
Fractions are called “fractions more than one” when the numerators
are greater than the denominators.

Refer to Activity 2 in LM. Have the pupils write FE = 1 before fractions
equal to one, FM > 1 before fractions more than one on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) FE = 1 2) FM > 1 3) FM > 1 4) FM > 1 5) FE = 1
6) FE = 1 7) FM > 1 8) FE = 1 9) FM > 1 10) FE = 1
C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM in answering “Who Am I?” activity.
Answer Key:
1) 5 2) 9 3) 9 4) fractions equal to one 5) 10
8
DRAFT
5 4 10
D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in LM. Ask the pupils to copy the exercise in their
notebooks. Let them fill up the table with fractions.
April 10, 2014

Answer Key:
Fraction Less than One Fraction Equal to One Fraction More than One
5 5 5 8 10 3 5 7 3 8 9 8
6 11 12 15 10 3 5 7 2 6 4 4
5 11 9 9
10 11 9 2

264

Lesson 57 Reading and Writing Fractions Greater than One
Week 2
Objective
Read and write fractions that are greater than one in symbols and in words
Value Focus
Sharing, Fairness

Reading and writing unit fractions in symbols and in words
Materials
Cut-outs of different shapes, cards with fractions and shapes
DRAFT
1. Drill
Give the fractions for the shaded parts.
April 10, 2014

2. Review
Have a review on fractions equal to one and greater than 1.
Write A if the fraction is equal to one and B if the fraction is more than
one.
6 9 9 11 10
6 3 9 4 10
3. Motivation
Ask the class to read the problem. Let
the pupils act it out. Have them
answer the questions below.
Jojo cut a bibingka into 8 equal parts.

He gave 2 pieces to each of his 3
brothers and ate the rest. What part
did each one get?
Ask: To whom did Jojo give the 3 parts of the bibingka?
265

How did he divide the bibingka?
What kind of a boy is he?
What value does he possess?
Do you want to be like him? Why?

a. Talk about the story problem.
Ask: Who cut a whole bibingka?
Into how many parts did he cut the bibingka?
What do you call each part?
How do you write the fraction in words? in symbols?
What parts were eaten by Jojo and his brothers?
Write the fraction in symbol and in words.
b. Conduct a game.
- Make several pairs of cards like the one shown below.
DRAFT
3 three-halves
2

-
- Shuffle the cards and place them on the pocket chart or taped
April 10, 2014

on the board facing down.
- Divide the class into 2 groups. At the teacher’s signal, a player
from each group chooses 2 cards and match them, the player
keeps the matched cards. Otherwise, the player puts back the
cards to their original position. The group with the most number
of matched cards wins.

Ask the class to read this problem.
Some pupils of Mrs. Molina’s class colored game-squares. How

many game-squares did the pupils color?
We see:
We read:
5
2
We write: five-halves
266

Ask: How many game-squares did they color?
What part of third game-square did they color?
How do you write the total number of game-squares the
pupils colored?

What do you call the number above the bar line?
How about the number below the bar line?
How do you write a fraction in symbol? in words?
What can you say about the numerator and the denominator of a
fraction greater than one?

Ask pupils to answer Activity 1 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) five-fourths, 5 ,h 2) eight-sixths, 8 ,e

4 6
3) three-halves, 3 ,c 4) five-thirds, 5 ,b
2 38
9 7
5) nine sixths, ,g 6) seven-fifths, ,d
DRAFT
6 5
7)eight-fourths, 8 , a 8) twelve-ninths, 12 ,f
4 9

Can fractions greater than one be read and written in symbols and in
April 10, 2014

words? How are they read? Written?
What is the relationship between the numerator and the denominator
of a fraction that is greater than 1?
A fraction greater than one can be written in symbols and in words.
The numerator is greater than the denominator.

Refer to Activity 2 in LM. Have the pupils write the number fractions on
their papers.
Answer Key:
4 10 8 9 11 6 12 13 12
1) 3 2) 8 3) 7 4) 6 5) 7 6) 5 7) 9 8) 10 9) 11
15
10) 3
267

C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in LM. Ask the pupils to write the fractions for the
names on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) eight-sevenths 2) four-thirds 3) ten-eighths
4) six-fourths 5) nine-sixths 6) five-halves 7) nine-eighths
8) twelve-tenths 9) six-halves 10) seven-fifths
D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in LM. Let the pupils work on the activity on their
notebooks at home. Ask them to write the fraction in symbols and in
words.

Lesson 58 Representing Fractions using Regions, Sets, and
Number Lines
Week 2
DRAFT
Objective
Represent fractions using regions, sets, and number lines
Value Focus
Equality
April 10, 2014

Identifying, writing and reading unit fractions
Materials
Number cards of fractions, square cards, connecting cubes, box with strips of
paper on which fractions are written
1. Drill
Prepare some cut-out shapes like the ones below. Show a variety of
shapes, each divided into two. Prepare similar cards for thirds and
fourths. Explain that each figure should be shaded to show the
fraction flashed by the teacher
268

2. Review
Name the fractional part with an X in each given figure.
1) 2)
x x
3)
x
3. Motivation
Let pupils work in pairs. Provide each pair with one square card. Ask
one group of pairs to divide their squares into three and shade a part
to show one-third. Another group of pairs will divide their squares into
four and shade a part to show one-fourth. And another group of pairs
will divide their squares into two and shade a part to show one-half.
Ask pupils to name the fractional part of each square that is shaded.
Ask: What would you do if you and two friends had to share one
rectangular cassava cake?
DRAFT
How will you divide the cassava cake?
If you divide it equally, what trait do you demonstrate?
April 10, 2014

a. Representing fractions using regions
Distribute a graphing paper or a grid paper (as shown) and

crayons to groups of 3.
Let each group draw the following regions in the graphing or grid
paper and color the parts asked for.
- Draw a 3 x 3 square region. Color 3 squares. Ask: What
fractional part of the region is colored. Call some groups to
show their work. Let them write the fraction form of the shaded
portion.
- Draw a 1 x 5 rectangular region. Color 2 squares. Ask: What part
of the rectangular region is not shaded or colored? Call some
groups to show their work. Let them write the fraction form of
the unshaded portion.
- Draw a region with 24 squares. (The groups may draw a 4 x 6, a
3 x 8, a 2 x 12 or a 1 x 24 rectangular region). Ask: If you color
one-half of the region, how many squares are colored or
shaded? Why? Let the groups explain their answer using their
drawing.
269

b. Representing fractions using sets
Post the following illustrations on the board.
Let pupils study the sets of objects. Let them identify/name the
objects in each set. Ask them to count the objects in each set.
Set A Set B
DRAFT
April 10, 2014

Set C

Ask:
In Set A, how many ampalaya are shaded? What part of the set is
shaded? not shaded? Write the fraction for the shaded part,
unshaded part. How many more ampalaya should we shade to
show ½? Explain their answer.
In set B, how many butterflies are shaded? What part of the set is
shaded? not shaded? Write the fraction for the shaded part,
unshaded part. Are we going to shade more butterflies or unshade
some butterflies to show 1/3 of the set? How many do we need to
add or subtract? Why?
270

In set C, what is the fraction for the whole set? Let them write the
fraction. How many frogs should we color to show two-sevenths?
Let them color the frogs.
Call some pupils to draw the following sets on the board.
e.g. set of 10 balls, show 3/10; set of 16 pencils, show 1/2
c. Representing fractions using number line
Show this other way of representing the fractions using the number
line.
Let the pupils equally divide the number line as described.
Figure A 4 equal parts
Figure B 6 equal parts
Figure B 8 equal parts
Ask: Into how many parts is each of the number lines divided?
What do we call one part of figure A? B? C?
DRAFT
Let the pupils name and write the fractional part of each number line
on their chalkboards.

Have the class work in pairs.
- Distribute two squares of the same size to each pair.
April 10, 2014

- Let pupils find two different ways to divide the squares into 4 equal
parts and draw lines that illustrate the ways they found.
- When all the squares have been divided by the pairs, compare all
the ways found to divide the same figure into equal parts.
- Let pupils give the fraction for one part, two parts, etc.
(Possible ways to divide a square into 4 equal parts)
- Distribute more squares of the same size to each pair. Repeat the
activity by asking for different numbers of equal parts. e.g. 3 equal
parts, 5 equal parts
- Ask pupils to give the fraction for one part, two parts, etc. of the
given figure.
271

Ask: How are fractions represented?
How should you divide a region, a set and a numberline?

Refer to Activity 1 in LM. Ask the pupils to name the fractional part of
each figure. Let them write their answers on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 2/12 2) 4/8 3)1/4 4) 2/4 5) 2/6

How can fractions be represented?
Fractions can be represented by the use of regions, sets and segments

of numberlines.

Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Let the pupils write the fraction for the part
of each group that is shaded on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 2/5 2) 4/5 3) 6/10 4) 3/9 5) 3/6
DRAFT
C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Have the pupils write the fraction that
names the part of the group described on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 1/3 2) 2/5 3) 3/10 4) 3/7 5) 4/9
D. Home Activity
April 10, 2014

Refer to Activity 4 in the LM. Ask the pupils to copy the activity in their
notebooks. Let them do this at home.
Answer Key: A. 1) 3/8 2) 5/6 3) 7/10 4) 3/5
B. 1) 1/6 2) 3/3 3) 5/8 4) 3/9 5) 4/7

Lesson 59 Visualizing Dissimilar Fractions
Week 3
Objective
Visualize dissimilar fractions
Value Focus
Cooperation

Unit fractions, fractions less than one and more than one and similar fractions
272

Materials
Activity sheets, flash cards, charts
A. Preliminary Activity
1. Drill
Name the fraction represented by the shaded part.
Examples:
1 1 2 3
2 3 4 8
DRAFT
2. Review
A. Parts of a Fraction
1 1
1. What does 1 mean in? What does 1 mean in ? What does 2
2 3
2 3
mean in ? What does 3 mean in ? What do we call these numbers
4 8
April 10, 2014

written above the fraction bar?
1 1
3. What does 2 mean in ? What does 3 mean in ? What does 8
2 3
3
mean in ? What do you call these numbers written below the
8
fraction bar?
B. Recall the concept of similar fractions.

Present exercises like:
1) 2/5, 3/5, 4/5, ____
2) 3/8, 4/8, _____, 6/8
3) 1/7, _____, 3/7, 4/7
Ask: What do you notice with the fractions? Why do you call them
similar fractions?
3. Motivation
Group Work
1. Divide the class into 3 groups. Group 1 will be “rectangle group”.
Group 2 will be “circle group”. Group 3 will be “square group”.
273

2. Give each group 3 pieces of cut-outs of the shape the group is
named after.
3. Ask each group to get a shape and fold it into three equal parts.
Let them darken the creases. The “rectangle group” will shade 1
part, the “circle group” will shade 2 parts and the “square group”
3 parts.
4. Ask them again to get another shape and fold it into four equal
parts. Let them darken the creases again. The “rectangle group”
will shade 1 part, the “circle group” will shade 2 parts and the
“square group” 3 parts.
5. Ask them to get the last shape, fold the shape into 8 equal parts.
Darken the creases. Let the “rectangle group” shade only one
part; the “circle group”, 3 parts; and the “square group”, 5 parts.
(Note: Give the importance of cooperation while doing the group

activity)
DRAFT

Ask each group to post their work on the board.
Rectangle Group Circle Group Square Group
April 10, 2014

(Note: The folding style may vary for rectangle and square)

Ask one pupil to get the picture of 1/8, 3/8 and 5/8 and name the
shaded part.
274

Set A
1 3 5
8 8 8
Ask another pupil to get the picture of 2/3, 1/8 and 3/4.
Set B
2 1 3
DRAFT
3 8 4
Ask: Into how many equal parts were the shapes in Set A
divided?
What part of the fraction does it represent? (denominator)
What have you noticed with the denominators?
How about set B? What are the denominators?
Are they all the same?
April 10, 2014

Do you know the name of fractions with the same
denominators?
(Tell the pupils that the fractions with the same denominators
are called similar fractions.)
How about the fractions in Set B? Do they have the same
denominators? What do you call these fractions that have
different denominators?
(Tell the pupils that the fractions with the different denominators
are called dissimilar fractions.)
Have them give other examples of dissimilar fractions and draw
their representations.

Ask:
When are fractions called dissimilar?
What part of the fractions are you going to compare?
If you are given shapes to represent dissimilar fractions, how are you
going to do it?
What characteristic did you find with dissimilar fractions?
What can you say with their denominators?
275

a. Class Activity
Have the 5 sets of fractions below be written on 1/2 of cartolina.
Divide the class in 5 groups and give each group one set of fractions.
Say: Here is an activity in Ms. Ann’s class. Can you help her pupils do
this?
Which fraction will be crossed out to make each set dissimilar fractions
a better one. Give your reason for crossing it out.
1) 4 , 2 , 1 , 5 , 1 4) 6 , 5 , 3 , 2 , 5
5 4 5 8 6 8 7 5 8 5
2) 2 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 3 5) 4 , 9 , 5 , 4 , 1
4 8 8 6 9 8 10 6 6 3
3) 5 , 6 , 5 , 1 , 3
4 8 6 3 4
(Note: Any of the fractions to be crossed out is correct. But to make it a
better set of dissimilar fractions no denominators should be the same in
each set.)
DRAFT
b. Pair Activity
Refer to Activity 1 in the LM. Let the pupils do the activity by pair.
Answer Key: 1) x 2) √ 3) x 4) x 5) √
c. Individual Activity
Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Let the pupils write their answer in their
notebook.
April 10, 2014

Answer Key:
1 5 3 1
2 6 4 6
3 2 1 1
5 3 2 3

When do we say that fractions are dissimilar?
Fractions are dissimilar if they have different denominators.
276

a. Group Activity
Have the pairs of fractions below be written in 5 strips of cartolina.
Divide the class into 5 groups. Give each group a strip of cartolina. Let
them write their answer on 1/4 sheet of manila paper to be posted
later on the board.
Direction : Illustrate the pair of fractions. Then write dissimilar, if the set
is dissimilar fractions and similar, if these are not dissimilar.
1) 5/8 , 3/6
2) 2/4 , 6/8
3) 3/4 , 2/4
4) 4/5 , 4/6
5) 2/3 , 3/8
b. Pair Activity
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Let the pupils do the activity by pair.
3
Answer Key: 1) dissimilar fractions 2) ; example of another
4
DRAFT
fraction is 1/2
3) No, because 3/4 and 3/8 are dissimilar fractions
C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 4 in the LM.
April 10, 2014

Pupils are to write D on their paper if the given sets of fraction are
dissimilar
Answer Key: 1) D 2) D 4) D
D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 5 in the LM. Pupils are to put a check mark on the
blank if the fractions are dissimilar.
Answer Key: 1)x 2) √ 3) √ 4) √ 5) √ 6) x 7) x 8) √ 9) x 10) √
Lesson 60 Comparing Dissimilar Fractions
Week 4
Objective
Compare dissimilar fractions
Pre-requisite Concepts and Skills

1. Fraction and dissimilar fractions
277

2. Fraction more than and less than one
3. Meaning of relation symbols
Value Focus
Equality
Materials
Cut-outs, activity sheets, real objects, flash cards, pocket chart, diagrams
1. Drill
Use flash cards. Engage pupils in a race by telling whether the
fractions are similar or dissimilar. Two pupils stand on the aisle. Teacher
flashes cards. Each will take one step every time s/he gets the answer
correctly. The first pupil to reach the finish line wins.
Example of flash cards:
DRAFT
2 4 1 5 3 4 1 4 4 4 5 4 3 4 2 4 1 2
, , , , , , , , ,
3 7 2 8 5 5 8 8 9 5 3 3 9 3 7 7 3 5
2. Review
Recall the meaning of relation symbols. Review the concept of
comparing numbers.
April 10, 2014

Write >, < or = in the box.
1) 234 546 2) 563 301 3) 543 500+40+3 4) 81 tens 810

5) 102 431 6) 626 616 7) 600+12 642 8) 539 ones 58 tens
3. Motivation
Tell this story.
Yesterday, these children had these snacks:
Angela = 1/8 of pie
Angelu = 1/4 of pie
Renz = 1/5 of pie
Guess. Who do you think ate the biggest piece?
278

1. Presenting of Lesson
Present these strips of paper. Ask what kind of fractions these are.
1
5
Let them take a look at the rectangles.

Ask what they observe.
Let them note that the fractions have the same numerators but
DRAFT
different denominators.
Ask: What do you call this kind of fractions? (Dissimilar fractions)
How will you classify these fractions in comparison with one whole?
(They are fractions less than one.)
What do you notice with the fractions as their denominator gets
bigger?
April 10, 2014

How will you compare 1/2 and 1/5?
Look at their value part in the illustration.
Which one is bigger or lesser?
How will you write the comparison using relational symbol?
1/2 > 1/5 or 1/5 < 1/2
Compare 1/4 and 1/3. (1/4 < 1/3)
Compare 1/3 and 1/5. (1/3 > 1/5)
Let the pupils write the correct comparison sentence on the board.
Ask: When you have the same numerators but different denominators,
how will you know which one is bigger? lesser?
(If the numerators are the same but the denominators are different,
the lesser the denominator, the bigger is the value.)
279

Let us have another pair of fractions.
Compare 5 and 5 .
3 4

5 5
3 4
5 > 5
3 4
Observe the above examples.
Ask:
What do you notice with their numerators? denominators?
DRAFT
What kind of fractions are these? (Dissimilar Fractions)
How will you classify these fractions in comparison to one whole? (They
are fractions with more or less than 1.)
How do you compare these sets of fractions?
What do you notice with the fractions as their denominator gets
bigger?
April 10, 2014

Now, let us have another set of fractions
Present these other set of fractions.
3 < 3

5 4
What do you notice with their numerators? denominators?

Ask: What do you call this kind of fractions? (Dissimilar fractions)
How will you classify these fractions in comparison with one whole?
(They are fractions less than one.)
280

How do you compare these sets of fractions?
Have an easier way to compare fractions without illustrating them.
Have them see this short way of comparing fractions.
Example: Compare 3 and 2

4 5
Let us do the Cross Product Method
Step 1: Multiply the numerator of the first fraction with denominator of

the second fraction. Place the product on top of the first fraction.
3 x 5 = 15
Step 2: Multiply the denominator of the first fraction with numerator of
the second fraction. Place the product on the top of the second
fraction.
2x4=8
Step 3: The fraction with the greater/bigger product on top has the
greater/bigger value.
DRAFT
15 > 8
3 and 2
4 5
So, 3/4 is greater than 2/5.
April 10, 2014

Let’s have another example,
3 < 4
1 and 2
2 3
1 2
So, is less than .
2 3
Have the pupil compare again the pairs of fractions they have
compared earlier using the cross product method.
Ask: Did you come up with the same answers?

How do we compare:
a.) dissimilar fractions which are less than one having the same
numerators?
b.) dissimilar fractions which are more than one having also the same
numerators?
281

c.) dissimilar fractions which have different numerator and
denominator with illustrations? without illustrations?
Which do you think is the most convenient way to compare fractions?
Why?
If you compare pair of fractions using the illustration and cross product
method, did you find the same answers?

a. Group Activity
Have one group of pupils fold the rectangular cut-outs (same in sizes)
to show 2/4, 2/3; 1/3, 2/4; and 1/6, 3/5. Have them compare the
fractions in each set.
Have another group compare the numbers using the short way.
b. Individual Activity
Have the pupils do Activity 1 in their LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) < 2) > 3) > 4) >
DRAFT
c. Pair Activity
Have the pupils do Activity 2 in their LM by pair.
Answer Key: 1) 4/8 = 2/4 2) ½ > 2/6 3) ¼ < 2/5 4) 3/5 > 1/3

What symbols of relation do we use in comparing fractions?
April 10, 2014

To compare fractions, we use the symbols of relation such as:
> read as “is greater than”
< read as “is less than”
= read as “is equal to” or “equals”
How do you compare dissimilar fractions?

For fractions with the same numerators, look at the denominators, the
fraction with the smaller denominator is the larger fraction.
For fractions with unlike denominators, cross multiplication may be
used.
For fractions with the same denominators, look at the numerators, the
larger fraction is the one with the greater numerator.

a. Class Activity
Go back to the question in the motivation, who do you think ate
biggest the piece? Explain your answer.
What method of comparison did you use? Give reason why you use
that method.
282

b. Pair Activity
Tell the pupils to find a partner. One pupil will write a pair of fractions
and the other will compare it. If the comparison is correct then it will be
his/her turn to make a pair of fractions to be compared by his/her
partner. This will take several rounds. The pupil who gives the most
number of correct answers wins.
c. Pair Activity
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Have the pupils do it by pair.
Answer Key: Fractions > 2/3 – 4/5, 7/8, 5/6, and 6/7
Fractions < 2/3 – ¼, 3/8, 3/7, and 6/10
C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 4 in the LM. Have them write their answers in their
notebooks.
Answer Key: A. 1) < 2) > 3) = 4) = 5) <
B.1) False 2) False 3) True 4) False 5) True
D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 5 in the LM. Have them write their answers in their
DRAFT
notebooks.
Answer Key: 1) > 2) < 3) < 4) < 5) < 6) > 7) < 8) < 9) > 10) >
Lesson 61 Arranging Dissimilar Fractions
April 10, 2014

Week 4
Objective
Arrange dissimilar fractions in increasing or decreasing order
Value Focus
Helpfulness, Industriousness

1. Reading and writing fractions
2. Fractions less than one, more than one and equal to one
3. Similar and dissimilar fractions
4. Equivalent fractions
5. Changing dissimilar fractions to similar
Materials
Flash cards, pocket chart, diagrams, fraction chart, show-me-board
283

TG - Math 3 - Lessons 41-60

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6) 800 7) 3 200 8) 2 500 9) 1 800 10) 6 000

Activity 2: 1) 300 x 30 = 9 000 2) 200 x 50 = 10 000

5. Summarizing the Lesson

To estimate the product:

April 10, 2014

Lesson 41 Multiplying Mentally 2-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit

1. Presenting the Lesson

April 10, 2014

2. Performing the Activity

Emphasize to the pupils that to multiply mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit

4. Reinforcing the Concept

Prepare the following flashcards and houses.

April 10, 2014

b. Ask: Have you experienced hunting treasures?

To multiply mentally 2-digit numbers without regrouping

6. Applying to New and Other Situations

April 10, 2014

April 10, 2014

1. Presenting the Lesson

Ask: Who harvested star apples?

1) A vendor buys 25 boxes of candies. Each box has 50

2) Nena bought 12 sets of baby dresses. Each set costs

3) Mr. Santos is a postman. He has to deliver 178 letters a day.

April 10, 2014

5. Summarizing the Lesson

The steps in solving a word problem are:

6. Applying to New and Other Situations

Lesson 43 Solving Problems involving Multiplication

April 10, 2014

Laura made 56 sampaguita garlands. Each garland has

Ask: Who made sampaguita garlands?

April 10, 2014

Ask: Who bought 5 shirts?

1. Presenting the Lesson

Read How many shirts were bought?

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Check : Go over the solution.

2. Performing the Activity

Solution 1. Role Play

Solution 1. By drawing a picture

Solution 2. By using a number sentence

Answer the following questions:

April 10, 2014

3. Processing the Activity

Expected answers of pupils for Problem 1

We drew 2 boxes and 12 marbles in each box. We crossed-out five marbles

Expected answers of pupils for for Problem 2

Solution 1. By drawing a picture

Solution 2. By using a number sentence

April 10, 2014

In solving two-step word problems, use the following questions as guide:

4. Reinforcing the Concept

5. Summarizing the Lesson

6. Applying to New and Other Situations

April 10, 2014

Lesson 44 Creating Problems involving Multiplication

Prerequisite Concepts and Skills

75 +25 60 ‐ 15 13 +36 45 ‐ 23 80 + 29

a. 2, 4, 6, 8, _, _, ___

b. 3, 6, 9, 12, _, _, ___

c. 10, 20, 30, 40, _, _, ___

d. 12, 24, 36, 48, _, _, ___