Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 445 views

    Fluid Mechanics Lab 2

    Uploaded by

    Sadia
    This lab report aims to verify Bernoulli's theorem by investigating water flow through a circular duct. The apparatus consists of a horizontal converging-diverging duct with piezometers to measure pressure at different sections. Water is supplied at constant head and flow rates are measured. Heights and distances of duct sections are recorded along with piezometer readings and discharge calculations to analyze the pressure, velocity, and kinetic energy changes according to Bernoulli's theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Fluid Mechanics Lab 2

    Uploaded by

    Sadia
    445 views6 pages
    This lab report aims to verify Bernoulli's theorem by investigating water flow through a circular duct. The apparatus consists of a horizontal converging-diverging duct with piezometers to measure pressure at different sections. Water is supplied at constant head and flow rates are measured. Heights and distances of duct sections are recorded along with piezometer readings and discharge calculations to analyze the pressure, velocity, and kinetic energy changes according to Bernoulli's theorem.

    Original Title

    fluid mechanics lab 2

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This lab report aims to verify Bernoulli's theorem by investigating water flow through a circular duct. The apparatus consists of a horizontal converging-diverging duct with piezometers to measure pressure at different sections. Water is supplied at constant head and flow rates are measured. Heights and distances of duct sections are recorded along with piezometer readings and discharge calculations to analyze the pressure, velocity, and kinetic energy changes according to Bernoulli's theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    445 views6 pages

    Fluid Mechanics Lab 2

    Uploaded by

    Sadia
    This lab report aims to verify Bernoulli's theorem by investigating water flow through a circular duct. The apparatus consists of a horizontal converging-diverging duct with piezometers to measure pressure at different sections. Water is supplied at constant head and flow rates are measured. Heights and distances of duct sections are recorded along with piezometer readings and discharge calculations to analyze the pressure, velocity, and kinetic energy changes according to Bernoulli's theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Fluid Mechanics

    Lab
    Lab Report 5

    Roll # 3462-Mech
    SECTION E
    CLASS # 166
    Contents
     TITLE
     OBJECTIVES
     APPARATUS DESCRIPTION
     PROCEDURE
     THEORY
     CALCULATIONS

    TO VERIFY THE VALIDITY OF BERNOULLI'S THEOREM


    Objectives
     To investigate validity of Bernoulli’s theorem as applied to the
    flow of water in a circular duct.

    Apparatus Description
    1. HYDRAULIC BENCH
    The Hydraulic Bench Apparatus comprises of a self-contained,
    water re-circulating unit provided with a top tray and a sump tank
    and is mounted on wheels. Various Hydraulic experiments can be
    conducted on this setup. A Centrifugal Pump is fitted for water
    circulation. Flow control valve and by-pass valve are fitted in
    water line to conduct the experiment on different flow rates. Flow
    rate of water is measured with the help of measuring tank and stop
    watch. Water collected on the top tray from experimental setup,
    drains and return to sump tank.
    The Following Experiments Can Be Carried Out With Common
    Basic Table with Separate Experimental Setup which Can Be
    Connected To Hydraulic Bench with Flexible Pipe

     Bernoulli’s Theorem Apparatus


     Orifice and Mouth Piece Apparatus
     Flow measurement by Venturimeter and Orificemeter
     Losses due to Friction in Pipe Lines & Verification of Darcy’s law
     Losses in Pipe fitting and pipe bends
     Flow over notches and weirs
     Impact of Jet on Vanes
     Pitot Static Tube

    2. Circular Duct
    The set-up consists of a horizontal converging diverging duct
    having constant width but varying depth. The duct is made of
    transparent perspex sheets. A number of piezometers are fitted on
    the duct to indicate the piezometric levels at various sections.
    The duct is connected to a constant head supply tank at one end.
    The supply tank is fitted with a piezometer to indicate the water
    depth. The overflow pipe in the tank discharges the excess water
    and thus keeps the water level constant.
    The water is collected in a measuring tank for the determination of
    the discharge.

    Procedure
    1. Measure the heights of the ducts at various sections using scale.
    Also measure the distances of various sections from the inlet of the
    duct.
    2. Gradually open the outlet value. The water level rises in various
    piezometers. When the flow becomes steady, measure the heights
    of water columns at various sections.
    3. Measure the water depth in the constant-head supply tank, as
    indicated by its piezometer.
    4. Take the initial water reading of the water level in the measuring
    tank and start the stop watch.
    5. Note the final water level after a suitable period.

    Theory
    The Bernoulli's theorem is one of the most important equations of fluid
    mechanics. The theorem is based on the law of conservation of energy.
    According to Bernoulli theorem, in an ideal, incompressible, steady and
    continuous flow, the sum of the pressure energy, potential energy, and
    the kinetic energy per unit weight of the fluid is constant.
    The energy per unit weight of the fluid (N-m/N) has got the dimensions
    of length (L) and can be expressed in meters of the fluid column,
    commonly called head. Thus according to Bernoulli theorem, the sum of
    the pressure head (P/ϒ), datum head (Z) and the velocity head (V2/2g) is
    constant, i.e.
    P/ϒ + Z + V2/2g = constant
    In case of real fluids, because some energy is always lost in overcoming
    frictional resistance, the Bernoulli equation for real fluid is
    P1/ϒ + Z1 + V12/2g = P2/ϒ + Z2 + V22/2g + HL

    Calculations
    S.No. Diameter Volume(L Time t Discharge velocity Piezometer
    ) Q (mm)
    1 27 3 46 6.25x10-5 5.24 27
    2 13.5 3 46 6.25x10-5 20.96 21.5
    3 16.88 3 46 6.25x10-5 13.41 24..5
    4 20.25 3 46 6.25x10-5 9.315 25
    5 23.62 3 46 6.25x10-5 6.84 25.3
    6 27 3 46 6.25x10-5 5.24 26

    Figures

    You might also like