SAN BEDA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF LAW
Mendiola, Manila

LABOR RELATIONS

References:
The Labor Code with Comments and Cases by Cesario Azucena, Jr. Volume
2.
PD No. 442 The Labor Code, as amended, Omnibus Rules Implementing the
Labor Code, and pertinent Department Orders.
2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure, as amended and Sheriff’s Manual of
Execution
I. Jurisdiction and Remedies
A. Existence of an employer-employee relationship as essential
requisite for jurisdiction
Javier v. Fly Ace, G.R. No. 192558, 15 February 2012.
South East International Rattan v. Coming, G.R. No. 186621, 12
March 2014
Tenazas v. R. Villegas Taxi Transport, G.R. No. 192998, 2 April
2014
Sagun v. ANZ Global, G.R. No. 220399, 22 August 2016
LVN Pictures Inc. v. Phil. Musicians Guild (110 Phil. 725)
Paguio Transport Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 119500, 28
August 1998.
Teng v. Pahagac, G.R. No. 169704, 17 November 2010.
Dy Keh Beng v. International Labor, L-32245, 25 May 1979.
Insular Life Assurance Co. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 84484, 15
November 1989.
Tongko v. Manufacturer’s Life Insurance Company, G.R. No.
167622, 29 June 2010 (See also: 25 January 2011 Resolution)
AFP Mutual Benefit Association v. NLRC, G.R. No. 102199, 28
January 1997.
Encyclopaedia Britannica v. NLRC, G.R. No. 87098, 4 November
1996
HSY Marketing v. Villastique, G.R. No. 219569, 17 August 2016
Coca Cola v. Climaco, G.R. No. 146881, 5 February 2007
Corporal v. NLRC, G.R. No. 129315, 2 October 2000, 341 SCRA
658.
Maraguinot v. NLRC, G.R. No. 120969, 22 January 1998, 284
SCRA 539.
Calamba Medical Center v. NLRC, G.R. No. 176484, 25
November 2008.
Jardin v. NLRC, G.R. No. 119268, 23 February 2000, 326 SCRA
299. skip
Sonza v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation, G.R. No. 138051,
10 June 2004.
Begino v. ABS-CBN, G.R. No. 199166, 20 April 2015.
Orozco v. Court of Appeal, G.R. No. 155207, 13 August 2008.
Television And Production Exponents, Inc. v. Servaña, G.R. No.
167648, 28 January 2008. skip
Francisco v. NLRC, G.R. No. 170087, 31 August 2006.
WPP Marketing Communications, Inc. et al. v. Galera, G.R. No.
169207/G.R. No. 169239, 25 March 2010.
Matling Industrial v. Coros, G.R. No. 157802, 13 October 2010.
 Malcaba v. Prohealth Pharma Philippines, G.R. No. 209085, 6
June 2018.
Republic v. Asiapro Cooperative, G.R. No. 172101, 23 November
2007.
Pasay City Alliance Church v. Benito, G.R. No. 226908, 28
November 2019
B. Reasonable Causal Connection Rule
San Miguel Corporation v. Etcuban, G.R. No. 127639, 3
December 1999
Kawachi v. Del Quero, G.R. No. 163768, 27 March 2007
Eviota v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 152121, 29 July 2003
Indophil Textile Mills v. Adviento, G.R. No. 171212, 4 August
2014
C. Mandatory Conciliation and Mediation as Prerequisite for
Exercise of Jurisdiction (RA 10396 and DO 151-16)
D. Labor Arbiter
1. Labor dispute, defined. (Art. 219, LC)
San Miguel Corporation Employees Union v. Bersamira, G.R.
No. 87700, 13 June 1990
Citibank v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 108961, 27 November
1998
Philippine Airlines v. NLRC, G.R. No. 120567, 20 March 1998
2. Jurisdiction (Arts. 124, 128(b), 233, and 276)
a. Original and exclusive jurisdiction
Pondoc v. NLRC, G.R. No. 116347, 3 October 1996
Villamaria v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 165881, 19
April 2006
 i. Exceptions
1. Art. 278 (g)
2. Art. 224 (c) in relation to Art. 273-275
San Jose v. NLRC, G.R. No. 121227, 17
August 1998
Del Monte v. Saldivar, G.R. No. 158620, 11
October 2006
7K Corporation v. Albarico, G.R. No. 182295,
26 June 2013.
b. Unfair Labor Practices (Art. 258 – 260, 274, 278 (c)
Mendoza v. Officers of Manila Water Employees Union,
G.R. No. 201595, 25 January 2016.
c. Termination dispute
Atlas Fams v. NLRC, G.R. No. 142244, 18 November
2002
Negros Metal v. Lamayo, G.R. No. 186557, 25 August
2010
Vivero v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 138938, 24 October
2000
University of Immaculate Conception v. NLRC, G.R. No.
181146, 26 January 2011
Austria v. NLRC, G.R. No. 124382, 16 August 1992
Reyes v. RTC Makati, G.R. No. 165744, 11 August 2008
Locsin v. Nissan Lease Philippines, G.R. No. 185567, 20
October 2010
Wesleyan University v. Maglaya, G.R. No. 212774, 23
January 2017
 Cacho v. Balagtas, G.R. No. 202974, 7 February 2018
d. Monetary claims
i. Money claims accompanied by prayer for
reinstatement
ii. Money claims without reinstatement and in
excess of PhP5,000.00
iii. Damages
Paredes v. Feed the Children Philippines, G.R. No.
184397, 9 September 2015
Lunzaga v. Albar Shipping, G.R. No. 200476, 18
April 2012
Santos v. Servier, G.R. No. 166377, 28 November
2008
World’s Best Gas v. Vital, G.R. No. 211588, 9
September 2015
Halagueña v. Philippine Airlines, G.R. No. 172013, 2
October 2009
Pepsi Cola v. Gal-lang, G.R. No. 89621, 24
September 1991
Bañez v. Valdevilla, G.R. No. 128024, 9 May 2000
Milan v. NLRC, G.R. No. 202961, 4 February 2015
Amecos Innovations v. Lopez, G.R. No. 178055, 2
July 2014
Philippine Airlines v. Airline Pilots Association of the
Philippines, G.R. No. 200088, 26 February 2018
Dai-chi Electronics v. Villarama, G.R. No. 112940, 21
November 1994
 Gemudiano v. Naess Shipping, G.R. No. 223825, 20
January 2020
e. Legality of strikes and lockouts
i. Exceptions
f. Legislated wage increases and wage distortion
g. In relation to DOLE jurisdiction under 128 and 129.
Ex-Bataan Veterans Security Agency v. Secretary of
Labor, G.R. No. 152396, 20 November 2007
People’s Broadcasting (Bombo Radyo Phils., Inc.) v.
Secretary of Labor, G.R. No. 179652, 8 May 2009
compare with Resolution dated 6 March 2012
Meteoro v. Creative Creatures, G.R. No. 171275, 13
July 2009
h. Enforcement or annulment of compromise
agreements (Art. 233)
i. Execution and enforcement of voluntary arbitrator’s
decision (Art 276)
j. Cases involving Overseas Filipino Workers (See RA
8042, as amended)
Santiago v. CF Sharp Crew Management, G.R. No.
162419, 10 July 2007
Industrial Personnel and Management Services v. De
Vera, G.R. No. 205703, 7 March 2016
Ace Navigation v. Fernandez, G.R. No. 197309, 10
October 2012
Estate of Nelson Dulay v. Aboitiz Jebsen Maritime,
G.R. No. 172642, 13 June 2012
k. In relation to GOCC’s
 Light Rail Transit Authority v. Alvarez, G.R. No.
188047, 28 November 2016
GSIS v. NLRC, G.R. No. 180045, 17 November
2010
Duty Free Philippines v. Mojica, G.R. No. 166365, 30
September 2005
l. Cases with a foreign element
WPP Marketing Communications v. Galera, G.R. No.
169207, 25 March 2010
Pakistan International Airlines v. Ople, G.R. No.
61594, 28 September 1990.
Philippine National Bank v. Cabansag, G.R. No.
157010, 21 June 2005
Manila Hotel v. NLRC, G.R. No. 120077, 13 October
2000
Saudi Arabian Airlines v. Rebesencio, G.R. No.
198587, 14 January 2015
m. In relation to entities with immunity
Department of Foreign Affairs v. NLRC, G.R. No.
113191, 18 September 1996
Lasco v. United Nations Revolving Fund, G.R. No.
109095, 23 February 1995
US v. Guinto, G.R. No. 76607, 26 February 1990
n. In relation to cooperatives
Perpetual Help Credit Cooperative v. Faburada, G.R.
No. 121948, 8 October 2001
San Miguel v. Semillano, G.R. No. 164257, 5 July
2010
 Ellao v. Batangas I Electric Cooperative, G.R. No.
209166, 9 July 2018
3. Proceedings before the Labor Arbiter
a. Construction of the Rules and suppletory application
of the Rules of Court
Beltran v. AMA Computer College, G.R. No. 223795,
3 April 2019
Daikoku Electronics v. Raza, G.R. No. 181688, 5 June
2009
b. Pleading, notices, and appearances
i. Complaint
Samar-Med Distribution v. NLRC, G.R. No.
162385, 15 July 2013
Our Haus Realty Development Corporation v.
Parian, G.R. No. 204651, 6 August 2014
Dee Jay’s Inn v. Raneses, G.R. No. 191823, 5
October 2016
ii. Filing and service of pleadings
Charter Chemical v. Tan, G.R. No. 163891, 21
May 2009
iii. Services of notices, resolutions, and orders
a. How made
b. When deemed complete
Sy v. Fairland Knitcraft, G.R. No. 182915, 12
December 2011
iv. Appearances and authority to bind
a. Who may appear
 b. How made
Gudez v. NLRC, G.R. No. 83023, 23 March
1990
c. Authority to bind
c. Venue
i. Transfers of venue, how and when allowed
ii. Objections to venue
iii. Overseas Filipino Workers
Philtranco Service Enterprises v. NLRC, G.R. No.
124100, 1 April 1998
d. Consolidation of cases
i. Grounds for consolidation
ii. Remedy from denial of motion for
consolidation
e. Issuance and service of summons
i. Contents of summons
ii. How summons is effected
iii. Validity of summons
Pabon v. NLRC, G.R. No. 120457, 24 September
1998
Masagana Concrete Products v. NLRC, G.R. No.
106916, 3 September 1999
Landbank v. Heirs of Alsua, G.R. No. 167361, 2
April 2007
Oyster Plaza Hotel v. Melivo, G.R. No. 217455, 5
October 2016
f. Prohibited pleadings and motions
i. What are prohibited
ii. Effects of filing a prohibited pleading or
motion
g. Motion to dismiss
i. When to file
ii. Grounds for motion to dismiss
iii. Effect of failure to file
h. Mandatory conciliation and mediation conference
i. Purpose
ii. Who is authorized to conduct
iii. Requirements for a valid compromise
a. Effects of a valid compromise
b. Effect of non-compliance
iv. Postponement
v. Effects of non-appearance
a. Complainant
b. Respondent
vi. Privileged Nature of Conciliation Proceedings
i. Amendment of Complaint/Petition
j. Submission of Position Papers and Reply
i. Effect of failure to file
ii. Contents of position paper and reply
 Magnolia Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No.
116813, 24 November 1995
k. Hearing or Clarificatory Conference
l. Death of parties
Fontana Development Corporation v. Vukasinovic, G.R.
No. 222424, 21 September 2016
m. Revival and re-opening or re-filing of dismissed case
and lifting of waiver
E. National Labor Relations Commission
1. Powers of the Commission (Art. 225)
Robosa v. NLRC, G.R. No. 176085, 8 February 2012
2. Exclusive original jurisdiction
a. Petition for injunction in ordinary labor disputes
[Art. 225 (e)]
Philippine Airlines v. NLRC, G.R. No. 120567, 20
March 1998
Frondozo v. Manila Electric Company, G.R. No.
178379, 22 August 2017
i. Requisites for the issuance of an injunction
Bisig Manggagawa Sa Concrete Aggregates v.
NLRC, G.R. No. 105090, 16 September 1993
ii. Requisites for temporary restraining order
b. Petition for injunction in strikes or lockouts
c. Certified cases (Rule VIII, NLRC Rules of Procedure)
d. Petition for Extraordinary Remedies (Rule XII,
NLRC Rules of Procedure)
 i. Nature of the remedy
ii. Grounds
iii. When and where filed
iv. Requisites of the petition
v. Answer and opposition
vi. Effect of filing
vii. Application for and issuance of TRO and Writ of
Preliminary Injunction
a. Effectivity of TRO and Writ of Preliminary
Injunction
b. Effect of injunction
3. Exclusive appellate jurisdiction
a. Appeal in contempt cases before the Labor Arbiter
b. Appeal of small money claims resolved by the DOLE
Regional Director or hearing officer
c. Appeal in cases decided by the Labor Arbiter
4. Grounds for appeal
5. Requisites for perfecting an appeal
a. Filed within the reglementary period
Calipay v. NLRC, G.R. No. 166411, 3 August 2010
Building Care Corporation v. Macaraeg, G.R. No.
198357, 10 December 2012
b. Verified by the appellant himself/herself in
accordance with Section 4, Rule 7 of the Rules of
Court
 Innodata Knowledge Services v. Inting, G.R. No.
211892, 6 December 2017
c. A memorandum of appeal stating the grounds of the
appeal, arguments, relief sought, and date of receipt
of the appealed decision, award or order.
d. Proof of payment of appeal fee and legal research fee
Luna v. NLRC, G.R. No. 116404, 20 March 1997
e. Posting of an appeal bond
Toyota Alabang v. Games, G.R. No. 206612, 17
August 2015
GBMLT Manpower v. Malinao, G.R. No. 189262, 6
July 2015
Orozco v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 155207, 29
April 2005
Lepanto Consolidated Mining v. Icao, G.R. No.
196047, 15 January 2014
Forever Security v. Flores, G.R. No. 147961, 7
September 2007
UERM-Memorial Medical Center v. NLRC, G.R. No.
110419, 3 March 1997
Manila Mining Co. v. Amor, G.R. No. 182800, 20
April 2015
Banahaw Broadcasting v. Pacana, G.R. No. 171673,
30 May 2011
McBurnie v. Ganzon, G.R. No. 178034, 17 October
2013
Sara Lee Philippines v. Macatlang, G.R. No. 180147,
14 January 2015
 AFP General Insurance Corporation v. Molina, G.R.
No. 151133, 30 June 2008
f. Proof of service upon the other parties
Sunrise Manning Agency v. NLRC, G.R. No. 146703,
18 November 2004
EDI Staffbuilders International v. NLRC, G.R. No.
145587, 26 October 2007
Fernandez v. Botica Claudio, G.R. No. 205870, 13
August 2014
6. Execution Proceedings
a. Final and executory nature of NLRC judgment
Molina v. Pacific Plans, G.R. No. 165476, 10 March
2006
De Ocampo v. RPN-9, G.R. No. 192947, 9 December
2015
b. Reinstatement pending appeal in decisions rendered
by the Labor Arbiter
Pioneer Texturizing Corp v. NLRC, G.R. No. 118651,
16 October 1997
Triad Security & Allied Services v. Ortega, G.R. No.
160871, 6 February 2006
Roquero v. Philippine Airlines, G.R. No. 152329, 22
April 2003
Garcia v. Philippine Airlines, G.R. No. 164856, 20
January 2009
Pfizer v. Velasco, G.R. No. 177467, 9 March 2011
Wenphil Corporation v. Abing, G.R. No. 207983, 7
April 2014
 College of the Immaculate Conception v. NLRC, G.R.
No. 167563, 22 March 2010
Islriz Trading v. Capada, G.R. No. 168501, 31
January 2011
Bergonio v. South East Asian Airlines, G.R. No.
195227, 21 April 2014
Manila Doctors College v. Olores, G.R. No. 225044, 3
October 2016
Dup Sound Philippines v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
168317, 21 November 2011
Bañares v. Tabaco Women’s Transport Service, G.R.
No. 197353, 1 April 2013
c. Third party claims in execution proceeding
Yupangco Cotton Mills v. CA, G.R. No. 126322, 16
January 2002
Ando v. Campo, G.R. No. 184007, 16 February 2011
d. Piercing the veil of corporate fiction
Dutch Movers v. Lequin, G.R. No. 210032, 25 April
2017
Guillermo v. Uson, G.R. No. 198967, 7 March 2016
7. Reliefs against judgments/decisions rendered by the
Commission
a. Petition for Certiorari under Rule 65 to the Court of
Appeals
St. Martin Funeral Homes v. NLRC, G.R. No.
130866, 16 September 1998
Veloso v. China Airlines, G.R. No. 104302, 14 July
1999
 b. Appeal of the CA decision to the Supreme Court
under Rule 45
Hanjin Engineering v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
165910, 10 April 2006
Macasero v. Southern Industrial Gases, G.R. No.
178524, 30 January 2009
Stanfilco v. Tequillo, G.R. No. 209735, 17 July 2019
8. Compromise Agreements (See also: Article 233)
Magbanua v. Uy, G.R. No. 161003, 6 May 2005
Arellano v. Powertech Corporation, G.R. No. 150861, 22
Januar 2008
Philippine Transmarine Carriers v. Pelagio, G.R. No.
211302, 12 August 2015
Magsaysay Maritime v. De Jesus, G.R. No. 203943, 30
August 2017
Dela Rosa Liner v. Borela, G.R. No. 207286, 29 July 2015
9. Quitclaims
Periquet v. NLRC, G.R. No. 91298, 22 June 1990
Goodrich Manufacturing v. Ativo, G.R. No. 188002, 1
February 2010
Aujero v. Philippine Communications Satellite Corporation,
G.R. No. 193484, 18 January 2012
EDI Staffbuilders v. NLRC, G.R. No. 145587, 26 October
2007
Carolina’s Lace Shoppe v. Maquilan, G.R. No. 219419, 10
April 2019
F. DOLE Regional Directors
 1. Small money claims without a claim for reinstatement
Maternity Children’s Hospital v. Secretary of Labor, G.R.
No. 78909, 30 June 1989.
Odin Security v. De La Serna, G.R. No. 87439, 21 February
1990
2. Visitorial and enforcement power (Art. 128 and 289)
SSK Parts Corporation v. Camas, G.R. No. 85934, 30
January 1990.
3. Remedy against decisions rendered by the Regional
Director
G. DOLE Secretary
1. Visitorial and enforcement powers (Art. 128 and 289)
2. Assumption of jurisdiction over strikes and lockouts (Art.
278 (g)
Telefunken Semiconductors Employees Union – FFW v.
Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 143013, 18 December 2000
Phimco Industries v. Brillantes, G.R. No. 120751, 17 March
1999. See also: J. Panganiban’s Separate Opinion.
3. Suspension of the effects of termination [Art. 292 (b)]
DOLE Regional Director
4. Remedy from decisions of the DOLE Secretary
National Federation of Labor v. Laguesma, G.R. No. 123426,
10 March 1999
H. Bureau of Labor Relations (Art. 232)
1. Inter-union and intra-union disputes
Pepsi-Cola Sales and Advertising Union v. Secretary of
Labor, G.R. No. 97092, 27 July 1992
 Diokno v. Cacdac, G.R. No. 168475, 4 July 2007
Montaño v. Verceles, G.R. No. 168583, 26 July 2010
2. Disputes arising from or affecting labor management
relations except grievances
La Tondeña Workers Union v. Secretary of Labor, G.R. No.
96821, 9 December 1994
3. Registration of CBA
4. Remedies to decisions rendered by the BLR
Abbot Laboratories v. Abbot Laboratories Employees Union,
G.R. No. 131374, 26 January 2000
Heritage Hotel Manila v. NUWHRAIN, G.R. No. 178296,
12 January 2011
Takata Corporation v. Bureau of Labor Relations, G.R. No.
196276, 4 June 2014
I. National Conciliation and Mediation Board
Tabigue v. International Copra Export Corporation, G.R. No.
183335, 23 December 2009
1. Preventive Mediation (Rules V and VI, NCMB Manual of
Procedure)
Insular Hotel Employees Union-NFL v. Waterfront Insular
Hotel Davao, G.R. No. 174040, 22 September 2010
J. Voluntary Arbitrator
1. Jurisdiction and Remedies
Santuyo v. Remerco Garments, G.R. No. 174420, 22 March
2010
Teng v. Pahagac, G.R. No. 169704, 17 November 2010
 Samahan ng mga Manggagawa sa Hyatt v. Magsalin, G.R.
No. 164939, 6 June 2011
NYK-Fil-Ship Management v. Dabu, G.R. No. 225142, 13
September 2017
Guagua National Colleges v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
188492, 28 August 2018
Sanyo Philippines Workers Union v. Canizares, G.R. No.
101619, 8 July 1992
Negros Metal v. Lamayo, G.R. No. 186557, 25 August 2010
Landtex Industries v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 150278, 9
August 2007
Octavio v. PLDT, G.R. No. 175492, 27 February 2013
2. Submission Agreement
Temic Automotive Philippines v. Temic Automotive
Philippines Inc. Employees Union, G.R. No. 186965, 23
December 2009
K. Prescription of Actions
1. Money claims (Art. 306, Labor Code)
PLDT v. Pingol, G.R. No. 182622, 8 September 2010
Serrano v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 139420, 15 August
2001
Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation v. Panganiban,
G.R. No. 151407, 6 February 2007
Accessories Specialist v. Alabanza, G.R. No. 168985, 23 July
2008
Auto Bus Transport v. Bautista, G.R. No. 156367, 16 May
2005
 Montero v. Times Transportation, G.R. No. 190828, 16
March 2015
2. Illegal dismissal (Art. 1146, Civil Code)
Callanta v. Carnation Philippines, G.R. No. 70615, 28
October 1986
3. Offenses under the Labor Code
Arriola v. Pilipino Star Ngayon, G.R. No. 175689, 13
August 2014
Cadalin v. POEA, G.R. No. 104776, 5 December 1994
4. Illegal recruitment (RA 8042, as amended)