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    Maize Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Pyralidae Lepidoptera) : Host Plants: Maize, Sarkanda, Jawar Identification Adult

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    Akbar Zaman
    The document discusses several maize and sorghum pest insects including: 1) Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and weakens maize stems, forming dead hearts. 2) Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata whose larvae feed on sorghum shoots, also forming dead hearts. 3) Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and damages sorghum and maize stems. 4) Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra which cuts down and damages young gram plants. 5) Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera which feeds on and damages gram pods

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    Maize Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Pyralidae Lepidoptera) : Host Plants: Maize, Sarkanda, Jawar Identification Adult

    Uploaded by

    Akbar Zaman
    357 views10 pages
    The document discusses several maize and sorghum pest insects including: 1) Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and weakens maize stems, forming dead hearts. 2) Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata whose larvae feed on sorghum shoots, also forming dead hearts. 3) Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and damages sorghum and maize stems. 4) Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra which cuts down and damages young gram plants. 5) Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera which feeds on and damages gram pods

    Original Title

    6. Week Lecture Maize Pest

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    The document discusses several maize and sorghum pest insects including: 1) Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and weakens maize stems, forming dead hearts. 2) Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata whose larvae feed on sorghum shoots, also forming dead hearts. 3) Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and damages sorghum and maize stems. 4) Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra which cuts down and damages young gram plants. 5) Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera which feeds on and damages gram pods

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    357 views10 pages

    Maize Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Pyralidae Lepidoptera) : Host Plants: Maize, Sarkanda, Jawar Identification Adult

    Uploaded by

    Akbar Zaman
    The document discusses several maize and sorghum pest insects including: 1) Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and weakens maize stems, forming dead hearts. 2) Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata whose larvae feed on sorghum shoots, also forming dead hearts. 3) Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and damages sorghum and maize stems. 4) Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra which cuts down and damages young gram plants. 5) Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera which feeds on and damages gram pods

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 10

    Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus (Pyralidae; Lepidoptera)

    Host plants: maize, sarkanda, jawar

    Identification
    Adult:
    Adults are yellowish grey moths about 25 mm
    across the wing when spread.
    Eggs:
    Flat, oval and yellowish. They are in clusters form
    up to 20 eggs.
    Larvae:
    Larvae are dirty white with brown head having
    many dark spots on the body.
    Pupa:
    yellowish brown in color.

    ETL: 5%
    Damage:
    ▪ Caterpillars eating inside the stem.
    ▪ Weakening of plant.
    ▪ Dead heart is formed.
    Management
    Cultural control:
    ▪ Destroying the stubbles, weeds and other host.
    ▪ Removal of dead hearts and crop residues.
    ▪ Clipping of lower leaves of maize (up to 4th)
    Biological control:
    Release Trichogramma chilonis 1 lac/ ha.
    Chemical control:
    Carbofuran(3%G) 8kg /acre
    *Kwick(3%G) 5kg /acre
    Fipronil(0.3%G) 8kg /acre
    Phorate(5G) 5kg /acre
    Note: Kwick= Phorate+Carbofuran
    Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata (Muscidae; Diptera)
    Host plants: Sorghum, maize, Rice, millet etc.

    Identification
    Adult:
    • Looks like a small house fly.
    • Head and thorax of the female are pale grey.
    • Abdomen is yellowish with paired brown patches.
    • Male is more blackish.
    Eggs:
    White and elongate in shape
    Larvae:
    8 -10 mm long and has a white or yellowish colour.
    3 instars
    Pupa:
    reddish brown in color and & about 0.5 mm in length.

    ETL: 10% dead heart


    Damage
    ▪ Grub feed on the growing point of the shoot of the
    seedling. The result is a typical "dead heart".
    ▪ Also tillers may be attacked in severe infestation.
    ▪ Total loss in yield is as high as 60%
    ▪ Damaged leaf becomes thin and papery, wrapping
    around the other leaves.

    Management
    Cultural control:
    ▪ Early sowing = Low incidence of attack
    ▪ Remove dead hearts
    ▪ Tall verities with yellow glossy stem
    ▪ Rotations with non-host crops
    Biological control:
    Green lace wing Crysoperla carnea
    Chemical control:
    *Polytrin-C(440EC) 150ml /acre
    Lufenuron(50EC) 100ml /acre
    Tebufenozide(200SC) 100ml /acre
    Note: Polytrin-C= Profenofos+Cypermethrin
    Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus (Pyralidae; Lepidoptera)
    Host plants: Jowar and maize, sugarcane

    Identification
    Adult:
    ▪ Moths have a wingspan of 20-30 mm
    ▪ Forewings pale brown, hind wings almost white in
    colour
    ▪ Males are smaller and darker than females.
    Eggs:
    Scale-like, about 1.5 mm across, creamy-white and laid
    in overlapping batches.
    Larvae:
    Body up to 25 mm long, creamy-white to yellowish-
    brown with a prominent reddish-brown head
    Pupa:
    Light yellow-brown to dark red-brown
    Damage
    ▪ Larvae initially feed on tender leaf whorls
    ▪ Later bore and feed into the stems causing “dead
    hearts”
    ▪ Series of small holes in lines (pin holes) in
    younger leaves
    ▪ and/or patches of transparent leaf epidermis
    (window panes) in older leaves.
    Management
    Cultural control:
    ▪ Collection and destruction of stubbles
    ▪ Increase the seed rate to compensate the loss.
    ▪ Follow proper crop rotation (with non host crop).
    ▪ Use of light traps.
    Biological control:
    Egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis
    Chemical control:
    Carbofuran(3%G) 7kg /acre
    Phorate(10G) 8kg /acre
    Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera)
    Host plants: Gram, potato, cucurbit, wheat seedlings

    Identification
    Adult:
    Heavy bodied, greyish brown or wheat
    colour body.
    Wavy lines on hind wings.
    Eggs:
    yellowish white
    Larva:
    Dark grey in colour
    Pupa:
    Dark grey

    ETL: 10% at initial stage


    Damage
    ▪ Caterpillar come out from their breeding site at
    night and become active.
    ▪ Cutting down the young plant of gram.
    ▪ Damage just above or slightly below the surface
    of soil.
    Management
    Cultural control:
    ▪ Hand hoeing.
    ▪ Clean cultivation.
    ▪ Use of light trap to kill moths, hand picking of
    larvae.
    Biological control:
    Trichogramma chilonis is used as parasitoid.
    Chemical control:
    *Polytrin-C(440EC) 500ml /acre
    Lambda-Cyhalothrin(2.5EC) 250ml /acre
    Chlorpyrifos(20EC) 1000ml /acre
    Note: Polytrin-C= Profenofos+Cypermethrin
    Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera)
    Host plants: Gram, cabbage cotton and many others
    Identification
    Adult:
    Yellowish brown to orange brown, black kidney
    Shape mark on underside of fore Wings
    Egg:
    White, dome Shape , 1000-1500 Eggs/female
    Larvae:
    Freshly emerged yellowish white, coloration varies
    with diet ranges from bluish green to brownish red.
    Whitish or dark grey longitudinal strips along the
    sides.
    PUPA:
    pupate in soil, dark brown.
    Active period: March-Nov
    ETL: 5 eggs/larvae per 25 plants
    Damage
    ▪ Skeletonization of leaves – feeding chlorophyll only
    leaving veins by young larvae, Defoliation
    ▪ Feeds flower and green pods & Foliage.
    ▪ In green pods – make circular holes and feed the grains
    and make empty.
    Management
    Cultural control:
    ▪ Timely sowing
    ▪ Use of tolerant varieties
    ▪ Clean cultivation.
    ▪ Use of light trap to kill moths, hand picking of larvae.
    Biological control:
    Ichneumonid wasps (Biological control)
    Chemical control:
    Polytrin-C(440EC) 500ml /acre
    Chlorantraniliprole(20%SC) 40ml /acre
    Novaluran(10%EC) 300ml /acre

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