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    Lab 2 Unicast, Broadcast and Multicast

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    Nurul Husna

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lab 2 Unicast, Broadcast and Multicast

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Husna
    44 views5 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    44 views5 pages

    Lab 2 Unicast, Broadcast and Multicast

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Husna

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    FAKULTI

    FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI
    KEJURUTERAAN KEJURUTERAAN
    ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN
    KOMPUTER, UNIVERSITI
    ELEKTRIK DAN TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
    ELEKTRONIK
    UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

    COMPUTER ENGINEERING
    DATA COMMUNICATIONS LAB
    & COMPUTER 1
    NETWORK

    BENR
    BEEA2211
    3403 2
    SEMESTER 1 SESI 2020/2021

    LAB LAB
    1: SIMULATION – INTRODUCTION
    2 - UNICAST, BROADCASTTO PACKET TRACER
    & MULTICAST

    NO. STUDENTS' NAME MATRIC. NO.

    1.

    2.

    3.

    PROGRAMME

    SECTION /
    GROUP

    DATE

    1.
    NAME OF
    INSTRUCTOR(S)
    2.

    EXAMINER’S COMMENT(S) TOTAL MARKS


    Packet Tracer - Investigate Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast
    Traffic
    Topology

    Figure 1: Network Topology

    Objectives
    Part 1: Generate Unicast Traffic
    Part 2: Generate Broadcast Traffic
    Part 3: Investigate Multicast Traffic

    Background / Scenario
    This activity will examine unicast, broadcast, and multicast behavior. Most traffic in a network is unicast. When
    a PC sends an ICMP echo request to a remote router, the source address in the IP packet header is the IP
    address of the sending PC. The destination address in the IP packet header is the IP address of the interface
    on the remote router. The packet is sent only to the intended destination.
    Using the ping command or the Add Complex PDU feature of Packet Tracer, you can directly ping broadcast
    addresses to view broadcast traffic.
    For multicast traffic, you will view EIGRP traffic. EIGRP is used by Cisco routers to exchange routing
    information between routers. Routers using EIGRP send packets to multicast address 224.0.0.10, which
    represents the group of EIGRP routers. Although these packets are received by other devices, they are
    dropped at Layer 3 by all devices except EIGRP routers, with no other processing required.

    Part 1: Generate Unicast Traffic


    Step 1: Use ping to generate traffic.
    a. Create the topology as shown in Figure 1 and assign PC 1, PC 2, PC 3, Router 1, Router 2, and Router
    3 based on the details shown in Table 1. Example of the settings are shown in Figure 2.

    © 2015 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 1 of 4
    Packet Tracer - Investigate Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic

    Table 2: Relevant details of the topology above.


    Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway DNS
    Server
    PC 1 FastEthernet0 10.0.1.2 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0
    PC 2 FastEthernet0 10.0.1.3 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0
    PC 3 FastEthernet0 10.0.1.4 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0
    Router 1 FastEthernet0 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0 - -
    Router 1 Serial 0/0/0 10.0.2.1 255.255.255.0 - -
    Router 1 Serial 0/0/1 10.0.3.1 255.255.255.0 - -
    Router 2 Serial 0/0/0 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0 - -
    Router 3 Serial 0/0/1 10.0.3.2 255.255.255.0 - -

    Figure 2: Example of relevant details for PC 1.

    b. Click PC1 and click the Desktop tab > Command Prompt.
    c. Enter the ping 10.0.3.2 command. Present and discuss your results.
    Packet Tracer - Investigate Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic

    Step 2: Enter Simulation mode.


    a. Click the Simulation tab to enter Simulation mode.
    b. Click Edit Filters and verify that only ICMP and EIGRP events are selected.
    c. Click PC1 and enter the ping 10.0.3.2 command.

    Step 3: Examine unicast traffic.


    The PDU at PC1 is an ICMP echo request intended for the serial interface on Router3.
    a. Click Capture/Forward repeatedly and watch while the echo request is sent to Router3 and the echo reply
    is sent back to PC1. Stop when the first echo reply reaches PC1. Which devices did the packet travel
    through with the unicast transmission? Explain your answer with relevant screen capture. Provide a
    discussion about echo request and echo reply.
    b. The Simulation Panel Event List section provides access to detailed information about an event. Click on
    the events and the PDU Information window opens. Discuss all the details of the events based on the PDU
    information. What layer does this transmission start at and why?
    c. Examine the Layer 3 information for all of the events.
    d. Click Reset Simulation.

    Part 2: Generate Broadcast Traffic


    Step 1: Add a complex PDU.
    a. Click Add Complex PDU. The icon for this is in the right toolbar and shows an open envelope.
    b. Float the mouse cursor over the topology and the pointer changes to an envelope with a plus (+) sign.
    c. Click PC1 to serve as the source for this test message and the Create Complex PDU dialog window opens.
    Enter the following values:
    • Destination IP Address: 255.255.255.255 (broadcast address)
    • Sequence Number: 1
    • One Shot Time: 0
    Within the PDU settings, the default for Select Application: is PING. What are at least 3 other applications
    available for use?

    d. Click Create PDU. This test broadcast packet now appears in the Simulation Panel Event List. It also
    appears in the PDU List window. It is the first PDU for Scenario 0.
    e. Click Capture/Forward twice. This packet is sent to the switch and then broadcasted to PC2, PC3, and
    Router1. Examine the Layer 3 information for all of the events. Notice that the destination IP address is
    255.255.255.255, which is the IP broadcast address you configured when you created the complex PDU.
    Analyzing the OSI Model information, what changes occur in the Layer 3 information of the Out Layers
    column at Router1, PC2, and PC3?
    Packet Tracer - Investigate Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic

    f. Click Capture/Forward again. Does the broadcast PDU ever forward on to Router2 or Router3? Why?

    g. After you are done examining the broadcast behavior, delete the test packet by clicking Delete below
    Scenario 0.

    Part 3: Investigate Multicast Traffic


    Step 1: Examine the traffic generated by routing protocols.
    a. Click Capture/Forward. EIGRP packets are at Router1 waiting to be multicast out of each interface.
    b. Examine the contents of these packets by opening the PDU Information window and click
    Capture/Forward again. The packets are sent to the two other routers and the switch. The routers accept
    and process the packets, because they are part of the multicast group. The switch will forward the packets
    to the PCs.
    c. Click Capture/Forward until you see the EIGRP packet arrive at the PCs.
    • What do the hosts do with the packets?
    • Examine the Layer 3 and Layer 4 information for all of the EIGRP events.
    • What is the destination address of each of the packets?
    d. Click one of the packets delivered to one of the PCs. What happens to those packets? Based on the traffic
    generated by the three types of IP packets, what are the major differences in delivery?
    e. Provide your observation, discussion and conclusion based on the steps above in regards to unicast,
    broadcast and multicast.

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