CBSE Class 10 Maths Worksheet - Polynomials (8) - 0

Polynomial
Polynomial
An expression of the form p(x) = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 + ⋯ … … … … . +𝑎𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 where 𝑎𝑛 ≠ 0 is

called a polynomial in one variable x of degree n, where; 𝑎0 , 𝑎1 ,𝑎2 … … … … … . . 𝑎𝑛 are
constants and they are called the coefficients of 𝑥0 , 𝑥, 𝑥 2 … … … 𝑥 𝑛 . Each power of x is a
non-negative integer.
Eg: -2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 1 is a polynomial of degree 2
Note: √𝑥 + 3 is not a polynomial
 A polynomial p(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 of degree 1 is called a linear polynomial Eg: 5𝑥 − 3, 2𝑥 etc
 A polynomial p(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 of degree 2 is called a quadratic polynomial Eg:
2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1
 A polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 of degree 3 is called a cubic polynomial.
Eg: √3𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + √5, 𝑥 3 − 1 etc
Zeroes of a polynomial: A real number k is called a zero of polynomial p(x) if p(k)=0. If the
graph of y= p(x) intersects the X-axis at n times, the number of zeroes of y= p(x) is n.
 A linear polynomial has only one zero.
 A quadratic polynomial has two zeroes.
 A cubic polynomial has three zeroes.
Graphs of different types of polynomials:

 Linear polynomial:- The graph of a linear polynomial ax+b is a straight line, intersecting
X- axis at one point
 Quadratic polynomial:-
(i) Graph of a quadratic polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is a parabola open upwards
like U, if a>0 & intersects x-axis at maximum two distinct points.
P a g e 13 | 118
(ii) Graph of a quadratic polynomial p(x)=𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is a parabola open downwards
like ∩ if a<0 & intersects x-axis at maximum two distinct points
 Cubic polynomial and its graph:- in general a polynomial p(x) of degree n crosses the x-
axis at most n points.
For a quadratic polynomial:- If 𝛼, 𝛽 are zeroes of 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 then,

𝑏 −𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥
1. Sum of zeroes = 𝛼 + 𝛽 = − = 2
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥
𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
2. Product of zeroes= 𝛼. 𝛽 = =
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓𝑥 2
 A quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽, is given by:
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − (𝛼 + 𝛽)𝑥 + 𝛼𝛽
 If 𝛼, 𝛽 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛾 are zeroes of the cubic polynomial 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 then:
P a g e 14 | 118
𝑏
𝛼+𝛽+𝛾 = −
𝑎
𝑐
𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 =
𝑎
−𝑑
𝛼𝛽𝛾 =
𝑎
 If 𝛼, 𝛽&𝛾 are zeroes of a cubic polynomial p(x),
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − (𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾)𝑥 2 + (𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼)𝑥 − 𝛼𝛽𝛾
Division algorithm for polynomials: If p(x) and g(x) are any two polynomials with g(x)≠ 0,
then we have polynomials q(x) and r(x) such that
P(x) = g(x)× 𝑞(𝑥) + 𝑟(𝑥), where r(x) =0 or degree of r(x) <degree of g(x).
Nature of graph of polynomial𝑷(𝒙) = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄:-

Case-1 When polynomial 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is factorable in two distinct linear factors.
In this case, curve cuts X- axis at two distinct points. The co-ordinate of the vertex of parabola
are(-b/2a, -D/2a) where D=𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐. The x co-ordinates of these points are the two zeroes of
the polynomial.
(i) a>0
Case 2:- When Polynomial 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is factorisable into two equal factors.
In this case, curve touches X-axis at the point (-b/2a, 0). The x- Co-ordinates of the point gives
two equal zeroes of the polynomial.
P a g e 15 | 118
(i) a>0 (ii) a<0
Case- 3 When Polynomial 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is not factorizable. In this case, the curve doesn’t cut
or touches X-axis
Level –I
1. Find the value of zeroes of the polynomials p(x) as shown in the graph and hence find
the polynomial.(CBSE 2014-15).
2. Let α and β are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 6 then form a

quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 𝛼 + 𝛽 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛼𝛽. (CBSE 2011)
P a g e 16 | 118
3. Check whether 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1 is a factor of 3𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 − 7𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 2?
(CBSE 2010)
4. Can (x-7) be the remainder on division of a polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) 𝑏𝑦 (7𝑥 + 2)? Justify your
answer(CBSE 2010)
5. What must be subtracted from the polynomial 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 − 13𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 21,
so that the resulting polynomial is exactly divisible by 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3? (CBSE 2013)
6. Write the degree of zero polynomial?
7. Find the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial 6𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 3 and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and the coefficients? (CBSE 2014-15
8. Find the quadratic polynomial sum of whose zeroes is 2√3 and their product is 2?(CBSE
2008)
Level II
25
9. If the sum of squares of the zeroes of the polynomials 6𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑘 is . find the value
36
of k?( CBSE 2014-15)
10. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial f(x)= 4𝑥 2 − 8𝑘𝑥 − 9 is negative of the other,
then find the value of k?(CBSE 2014-15)
11. Find the values of k for which the quadratic equation 9𝑥 2 − 3𝑘𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 has equal
roots. (CBSE 2014)
12.On dividing 3𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 5 by the polynomial p(x), the quotient and remainder
are 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 2 and−7 respectively. Find p(x)?(CBSE 2013)
13. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 18, if two of its zeroes are
√3 𝑎𝑛𝑑√−3. (CBSE 2010,13)
14. If 𝛼 , 𝛽 are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − (𝑘 − 6)𝑥 + (2𝑘 + 1). Find
the value of k if 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 𝛼𝛽. (CBSE 2010)
15.If the zeroes of the polynomial 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 𝑘 are the reciprocal of each other, then find
the value of K? (CBSE 2011)
16. If α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 𝑎, find the value of′𝑎′. If
3𝛼 + 2𝛽 = 20.(CBSE 2010)
P a g e 17 | 118
LEVEL III
17.On dividing 3𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 13 by a polynomial g(x), the quotient and remainder are
3𝑥 + 10 and 16𝑥 − 43 respectively. Find the polynomial g(x). (CBSE 14-15)
2
18.If -5 is a root of quadratic equation 2𝑥 + 𝑝𝑥 − 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation
𝑝(𝑥 2 + 𝑥)𝑘 = 0 has equal roots, find the value of k. (CBSE 2106)
3 2
19.If 𝛼, 𝛽 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛾 are zeroes of the polynomial 6𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 1, then find the values of
𝛼 −1 + 𝛽 −1 + 𝛾 −1 . (CBSE 2010)
20. Form a cubic polynomial whose zeroes are 3, 2 and -1. Hence find
(i) Sum of its zeroes
(ii) Sum of the product, taken two at a time
(iii) Product of its zero.
(SELF EVALUATION QUESTIONS)

21.Find the number of zeroes of p(x) in each case, for some polynomials p(x).
𝛼 𝛽
22.If 𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝛽 are the zeroes of the equation 6𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2 = 0, find +
𝛽 𝛼
2
23.If one of the zeroes of the polynomial 2𝑥 + 𝑝𝑥 + 4 = 0 is 2, find the other zero, also
find the value of p
24.If one zero of the polynomial (𝑎2 + 9)𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 + 6𝑎 is reciprocal of the other. Find
the value of a. (All India)
P a g e 18 | 118
Value Based Questions
25.If 𝛼 be the number of person who take junk food, 𝛽 be the person who take food at
home and α and β be the zeroes of quadratic polynomial 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2, then
1 1
find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 𝑎𝑛𝑑 , which way of taking
2𝛼+𝛽 2𝛽+𝛼
food you prefer and why?
26.If the number of apples and mangoes are the zeroes of the polynomial 3𝑥 2 = 8𝑥 −
2𝑘 + 1 and the number of apples is 7 times the number of mangoes, then find the
number of zeroes and value of k. What are benefits of fruits in our daily life?
P a g e 19 | 118

CBSE Class 10 Maths Worksheet - Polynomials (8) - 0

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CBSE Class 10 Maths Worksheet - Polynomials (8) - 0

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CBSE Class 10 Maths Worksheet - Polynomials (8) - 0

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Polynomial

An expression of the form p(x) = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 + ⋯ … … … … . +𝑎𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 where 𝑎𝑛 ≠ 0 is

Graphs of different types of polynomials:

For a quadratic polynomial:- If 𝛼, 𝛽 are zeroes of 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 then,

Nature of graph of polynomial𝑷(𝒙) = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄:-

Case 2:- When Polynomial 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is factorisable into two equal factors.

2. Let α and β are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 6 then form a

(SELF EVALUATION QUESTIONS)

You might also like