Chapter I

Introduction

Public transport has been hit hard by Covid-19. With ridership

significantly down, operators in developing cities will have to face difficult

questions for their future viability.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic arise in the Philipines, the world had to

enforce massive restrictions on public transport in order to limit

transmission of the virus and ensure safe passage of key workers during

the emergency response. One of the most affected is the public

transportation of the entire world. Cotabato City, one of the cities in the

country particularly in Mindanao had been affected by this pandemic.

According to data from Google mobility reports, visitors to all public

transit locations - such as bus services, terminals, and waiting areas-

have fallen by as much 80% accross IGO countries since early March.

Many operators had no choice but to scale back or completely shut down

less viable routers, while others are passing their costs onto consumers.

The IATF- implemented rules that the capacity of public transportations

such as Jeepneys, buses, vanns and othe should be 50 % of their

passengers only is allowed to ride.

Due to this pandemic, a lot of lives and livelihood of the people had been

affected. Even the society and the economy. This study enables us to

1
know how this pandemic affect the livelihood of the Public Transport

Drivers in Cotabato City.

According to the Research work of Rhanarie Angela Ranis, Jenalyn Conquilla, Zaira

Buncaras, Jhoselle Tus,The majority of Filipinos rely on jeepneys or "Kings of the Road"

as a transportation mode of Filipino daily lives. Public transportation provides mobility

and access to employment, community resources, medical care, and recreational

opportunities in communities across the Philippines. It benefits both of those people

who have a vehicle and commuters because of the cheapest fare. Jeepneys show

importance as a mode of transportation and an icon in Filipino cultures. Back in the

American period, wherein a load of jeepneys left over by the American soldiers, the

jeep's enculturation was one of the main modes of transport in the Philippines (Ines,

2017). Furthermore, until now, jeepneys have stayed with the Filipinos along with their

unique designs, paintings, and sayings on the exterior (Ines, 2017).Every public transport

driver's Life was difficult even before the pandemic because of the average amount of

income that covers only their everyday financial expenses such as food, rental fees,

electricity fees, and other costs (Raskin & Meyer, 2020). The same way in Pedicab

drivers in New York City, wherein a lot of pedicab drivers there are used to have at least

1,000$ per week if they are lucky to have enough Tourists in the city and also in the

streets there used to be 250 pedicabs in the central city before the pandemic happens

(Raskin & Meyer, 2020).

In this case, according to (Arab News, 2020), this pandemic dramatically affects

everyone's lives, including their livelihood, occupation, and other essential things to

2
make a living. They promoted the Government to close the country's borders and ban all

public transportation to mitigate the virus's contagion. This restriction created by the

Government to control the COVID-19 situation made the jeepney driver's Life more

Recent evidencecomplicated. With no income and debts piling up, other jeepney drivers

and their families started living in the jeepney to lessen their everyday expenses. As the

COVID-19 Pandemic spread, the drivers are not just looking for money but also for

assurance, assistance, and protection on their own respective companies. Companies

should not leave them behind and provide all the necessities they need. In this time of

the pandemic, no one should be left behind. The COVID-19 pandemic hasn't been useful

for vehicles. However, it's managing much more terrible. They revealed that its rides

business's gross appointment declined by 75% in the three months to June contrasted

with a year ago, tumbling from $12.2 billion to simply $3 billion. Most low-income

residents will have no choice but to walk or cycle, but with added curfews and outdoor

time limits, access to work and social services are likely to be severely impeded.

Evidence from Nairobi shows that the overall share of job opportunities within one hour

of travel, is up to five times higher for those with cars compared to those on shared

minibuses or on foot. This not only cuts off low-income households from existing jobs,

but also limits their access to new opportunities, risking higher unemployment amongst

poor communities, and hurting long-term economic outcomes for both the individuals

and the city.Decades of research has shown that improved mobility is the key to

allowing large-scale economic growth of cities. With very high commuting costs, people

live very close to where they work, limiting access to job opportunities and constraining

3
firms to remain local in scope. But when people and products can move efficiently

across a city, workers can match with jobs most suited to them, and firms can access

markets in ways that allow for large-scale and specialised production.

Few transport modes can promote these synergies as cost-effectively as shared

transit. With limited land and resources for construction in many cities, vehicles that can

carry more passengers per unit of road space can deliver widespread economic, social,

and environmental gains.

Evidence from developing cities shows that public transport investments allow people

longer commutes, freeing up urban land for more productive use, and contributing to an

intense clustering of economic activity in city centres. The benefits are felt directly by

users whose travel times fall, and indirectly by wider society because faster travel leads

to lower trade costs which, in turn, decreases overall prices for urban goods and

services.

4
Theoretical Framework

COVID-19 is not only a global pandemic and public health crisis; it has also severely

affected the global economy and financial markets. Significant reductions in income, a

rise in unemployment, and disruptions in the transportation, service, and manufacturing

industries are among the consequences of the disease mitigation measures that have

been implemented in many countries. COVID-19 (Coronavirus) has affected day to day

life and is slowing down the global economy. This pandemic has affected thousands of

peoples, who are either sick or are being killed due to the spread of this disease. The

most common symptoms of this viral infection are fever, cold, cough, bone pain and

breathing problems, and ultimately leading to pneumonia. This, being a new viral

disease affecting humans for the first time, vaccines are not yet available. Thus, the

emphasis is on taking extensive precautions such as extensive hygiene protocol (e.g.,

regularly washing of hands, avoidance of face to face interaction etc.), social distancing,

and wearing of masks, and so on. This virus is spreading exponentially region wise.

Countries are banning gatherings of people to the spread and break the exponential

curve.1 , 2 Many countries are locking their population and enforcing strict quarantine

to control the spread of the havoc of this highly communicable disease.

5
 Statement of the Problem

This study aims to understand the Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihood of

PublicINDEPENDENT VARIABLE
Transport Drivers in Cotabato City. Specifically it will answer theDEPENDENT
following: VARIABLE

1. What is the socio-demographic of the respondents.

COVID
2.- What
19: was the Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihood of Public Transport

Drivers of the following:

2.1Distancing
• Social - QUARANTINES

• No 2.2 - SOCIALSunday
Movement DISTANCING

2.3 - NO MOVEMENT SUNDAY

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

6
Conceptual Framework

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

The independent variable in this study is the COVID-19 in terms of QUARANTINES,

SOCIAL DISTANCING and NO MOVEMENT SUNDAY. On the other hand the independent
drivers

variable is the impact of COVID-19 pandemic to drivers. The relationship between two

variables is that any revision in the independent variable has some effect on the

dependent variable where the independent variable is the cause and the dependent

variable are the possible outcomes.

Significance of the Study

This research aims to help understand and discuss the impact of this pandemic to the lie

and livelihood of the drivers to benefit the following:

7
To the drivers, being a driver in the public areas is one of the hard job that people can

acquire. But this occupation give a big contribution to the society, because this serve as

the backbone of the society. They provide rides for millions of people across the

country.

To the students, to enlighten the minds of the youth to respect and value this type of

job. To not judge and belittle them by their looks or physical appearance. Because rain

or shine they are doing their job for their responsibilities to their family.

To the future researcher, this study may help the future researchers to meet their goals

in documenting the live, specifically the livelihood of drivers during this time of

pandemic.

Scope and Limitations

This study focuses on the main topic that is " The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the

livelihood of Public transport drivers in Cotabato City" The respondents are selected

with in the jurisdiction of Cotabato City.

8
Definition of Terms

The following terms and terminologies are used in the study to give a clear perspective

about the Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihood of Public Transport Drivers in

Cotabato City.

Quarantines - In public health practice, “quarantine” refers to the separation of persons

(or communities) who have been exposed to an infectious disease. “Isolation,” in

contrast, applies to the separation of persons who are known to be infected. In U.S. law,

however, “quarantine” often refers to both types of interventions, as well as to limits on

travel. Isolation and quarantine can be voluntary or imposed by law.

Social Distancing - Social distancing aims, through a variety of means, to minimise

physical contact between individuals and thereby to reduce the possibility for new

infections.The term ‘social distancing’ refers to efforts that aim, through a variety of

means, to decrease or interrupt transmission of COVID-19 in a population (sub-)group

by minimising physical contact between potentially infected individuals and healthy

individuals, or between population groups with high rates of transmission and

population groups with no or a low level of transmission.

No Movement Sunday- No movement policy is a Cotabato City Ordinance that ordering

people to stay at home every Sunday. This policy allowing the City to disinfect public

areas to prevent from the spread of virus.

Chapter II

9
Review Related Literature

The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are stretching far beyond

the spread of the disease. Efforts to contain transmission have triggered

the worst global economic crisis in a century, devastating the livelihoods

of millions. In the developing world, reduced incomes, food insecurity,

inadequate education, and increased domestic violence, are all

contributing to a worsening in welfare and poverty. While there is no way to

tell exactly what the economic damage from the global COVID-19 novel coronavirus

pandemic will be, there is widespread agreement among economists that it will have

severe negative impacts on the global economy. Early estimates predicated that, should

the virus become a global pandemic, most major economies will lose at least 2.4 percent

of the value their gross domestic product (GDP) over 2020, leading economists to

already reduce their 2020 forecasts of global economic growth down from

around 3.0 percent to 2.4 percent.

The Covid-19 pandemic is a global shock ‘like no other ’, involving

simultaneous disruptions to both supply and demand in an

interconnected world economy. On the supply side, infections reduce

labour supply and productivity, while lockdowns, business closures, and

social distancing also cause supply disruptions. On the demand side,

layoffs and the loss of income (from morbidity, quarantines, and

unemployment) and worsened economic prospects reduce household

consumption and firms’ investment. The extreme uncertainty about the

10
path, duration, magnitude, and impact of the pandemic could pose a

vicious cycle of dampening business and consumer confidence and

tightening financial conditions, which could lead to job losses and

investment. Key challenges for any empirical economic analysis of Covid-

19 are how to identify this unprecedented shock, how to account for its

non-linear effects, how to consider its cross-country spillovers (and other

observed and unobserved global factors), and how to quantify the

uncertainty surrounding forecasts, given its unprecedented nature.

This pandemic considered as one of the biggest problem of the Philippine government.

The economic growth of the country move slowly. The livelihood of the people was

affected by this virus, like the drivers of public vehicles in Cotabato.

This pandemic has a positive and negative impact to the society and people. In society, it

helps the surroundings to stay clean and the population of the people in the city or

public areas was lessen. Because of this people become responsible to their actions,

specially vendors in the market. To the people, they become responsible to their selves

to observe cleanliness to their homes and by their selves. The negative is, the bonding

with other people lessen too because of being afraid in transmission of this virus. Up to

this moment, specialist is still studying this virus and trying to make a vaccine for those

infected persons worldwide. Transportation sector has been one of the primary victims

of COVID-19. From rickshaw pullers to airlines, all have been affected economically by

the pandemic. India's overall energy demand fell by 11% in March 20201. Due to

lockdown in many countries, the demand for passenger transport has been adversely

11
hit. The freight segment has had a mixed short-term effect in terms of transportation

demand. There is a surge in demand for truck drivers in transportation of essential

goods. For instance, there is 40% to 60% increase of product being moved into grocery

stores and warehouses in US since COVID spread started2. However, the supply chain

disruption and slowdown caused by COVID is expected to pull down freight demand in

the medium-term. Urban freight segments in India have also had a mixed short-term

effect in terms of transportation demand. Since February, the online food orders have

dropped by 20% whereas online grocery orders are overflowing3. It is to yet to be seen

whether these acquired habits of online grocery shopping will sustain after the

pandemic passes. Even though the fall in passenger transport demand is pushed by

social distancing restrictions, COVID-19 may have a long-term effect on people's travel

behaviour.

After being stopped in their routine because of the pandemic, drivers call the

Government's attention to help them in a little way. (Caymaniantimes, 2020). Those

living in the "Dutch houses," as local people call them, are helpless drivers of public

utility jeeps that used to handle the roads of the capital during the pre-pandemic days.

(Lucenio, 2020). The Philippine "jeepney" driver is now walking the Manila streets

begging for money to feed his starving family. (Lopez, 2020)." We need to leave our

homes and take our risks in the roads to have something in our snarling stomachs"

(Bondoc, 2020) stated. Other drivers haul plastic compartments and cardboard signs

around their necks to grab the eye and compassion of passing motorists. "We have

nothing left to spend," (Flores 2020) told AFP as he sat inside his jeepney. Since it was

12
lockdown, some jeepney drivers think of another way to supply their daily needs and

provide their everyday expenses. Some of them are selling fruits and vegetables to fit

their daily needs.The other jeepney drivers are selling fruits, vegetables, and other

products. (Garcia, 2020). Jeepney drivers have nowhere to go, and no one relies on

them. It's embarrassing to ask for help from their relatives every day, so the drivers

gathered the courage and asked for helpfrom other people who are willing to help them

so they can eat. Other people would give jeepney driver any amount of money, and they

are very thankful to accept it to have something to eat. But sometimes, they will take

just once a day. That's what they experience during this lockdown. Some of them say

that sometimes if their one will help the jeepney driver, they don't eat at all (Yahoo

News, 2020). The drivers and owners of the iconic Philippine Jeepneys are begging to

drive again to have income that has been lost because of the pandemic crisis. But

according to the presidential spokesperson, Harry Roque (2020), jeepney drivers will not

allow to back in operation because of high coronavirus rates. Harry Roque stated that

jeepney was the last on their list to come back because of the increased risk commuters

can get because jeepney has crowded seating and close to close passengers. As the virus

spread in the country, they were forced to stop in their old routine to avoid contacting

each other, resulting in them not having enough money to spend with their family. One

more thing that worried them is the government plan this year for the modernization of

vehicles. Many commercial drivers face several health challenges, including obesity,

cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Such conditions place them at high risk for

contracting COVID-19. This pressure compounded with well-being challenges has set

13
extra mental and actual requests on drivers, putting them further in danger for COVID-

19. Drivers get sick, and it can affect everyone. People will come into contact with these

drivers at truck stops or their delivery stops. If they are very ill, their driving skills may be

impaired and, when they return to their homes, they risk spreading the virus to their

family and friends (Emerly, 2020). According to wikipedia, as a measure to limit the

spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Philippines, lockdowns, officially

characterized as "community quarantines" by the government, of varying strictness

were imposed in numerous parts of the country. The "enhanced community quarantine"

(ECQ) is the strictest of such measures. The largest of these measures was the enhanced

community quarantine in Luzon.

The IATF’s June 3 Omnibus Guidelines on the Implementation of Community Quarantine

in the Philippines identifies four community quarantine regimes. These are Enhanced

Community Quarantine (ECQ), Modified ECQ (MECQ), General Community Quarantine

(GCQ) and Modified GCQ (MGCQ). The most restrictive is the ECQ and the least

restrictive is the MGCQ.Whether an area is to be downgraded will depend on the IATF’s

recommendations and the approval of the President. The most desired is to have no

quarantine restrictions in the New Normal but where health and safety measures will

still be in place. Take note that there is a zoning concept. In areas even under MECQ, the

local LGUs may put in place (as practiced a barangay, a street or an area) into ECQ-like

restrictions upon the approval of the regional IATF. According to the Palace

spokesperson on June 13, the option the President is considering for Metro Manila is to

14
extend GCQ or reimpose MECQ. It is best to be updated for the latest CQ status in your

area. (Inquirer.net)

According to the article of, The New England Journal of Medicine, Covid-19 spreads

around the globe, governments have imposed quarantines and travel

bans on an unprecedented scale. China locked down whole cities, and

Italy has imposed draconian restrictions throughout the country. In the

United States, thousands of people have been subjected to legally

enforceable quarantines or are in “self-quarantine.” The federal

government has also banned entry by non–U.S. nationals traveling from

China, Iran, and most of Europe and is screening passengers returning

from heavily affected countries. Still, the numbers of cases and deaths

continue to rise.

Quarantines and travel bans are often the first response against new

infectious diseases. However, these old tools are usually of limited utility

for highly transmissible diseases, and if imposed with too heavy a hand,

or in too haphazard a manner, they can be counterproductive.1 With a

virus such as SARS-CoV-2, they cannot provide a sufficient response.

Social distancing according to World Health Organizayion, Social and physical distancing

measures aim to slow the spread of disease by stopping chains of transmission of

COVID-19 and preventing new ones from appearing. These measures secure physical

distance between people (of at least one metre), and reduce contact with contaminated

surfaces, while encouraging and sustaining virtual social connection within families and

15
communities. Measures for the general public include introducing flexible work

arrangements such as teleworking, distance learning, reducing and avoiding crowding,

closure of non-essential facilities and services, shielding and protection for vulnerable

groups, local or national movement restrictions and staying-at home measures, and

coordinated reorganization of health care and social services networks to protect

hospitals. The measures are used in conjunction with individual protective measures

against COVID-19 such as frequent hand washing and cough etiquette.Public health and

social measures are measures or actions by individuals, institutions, communities, local

and national governments and international bodies to slow or stop the spread of COVID-

19. These measures to reduce transmission of COVID-19 include individual and

environmental measures, detecting and isolating cases, contact-tracing and quarantine,

social and physical distancing measures including for mass gatherings, international

travel measures, and vaccines and treatments. While vaccines and specific medications

are not yet available for COVID-19, other public health and social measures play an

essential role in reducing the number of infections and saving lives. COTABATO CITY—

Two new cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prompted the second

declaration here of a “No-Movement Sunday” on Aug. 16 by the city government after

two months.

Mayor Frances Cynthia Guiani-Sayadi said she had to place the city under such

restraining measure hours after two frontline workers of the Cotabato Regional Medical

Center (CRMC) had tested positive of COVID-19. The city still has the lowest number of

16
COVID-19 positive cases in the whole Region XII. It also has the highest recovery rate

with zero deaths recorded, she added.

The lawyer-mayor said she was supposed to announce then the good news that the city

has had high rate of recovery cases, as most local COVID-19 patients have recovered.

But as two more cases emerged, she had to opt for the restrictive order, which will take

effect this Sunday.

Guiani-Sayadi said the No-Movement Sunday will be imposed in all the city’s 37

barangays, as part of its intensified measures against the spread of the COVID-19,

Halima Satol, the city’s public information head, confirmed. ( manilastandard.net)

17
 Chapter III

Research Methodology

Presented in this chapter is the methodology of the study which consist of the research

design, locale of the study, respondents, instrumentation, data gathering procedure and

the statistical treatment of the data.

Research Design

This study uses descriptive type of research. Descriptive research is a type of research

that describes a population, situation, or phenomenon that is being studied. This

method used to identify the impact of Covid-19 on the livelihood of public transport

drivers in Cotabato City. In conducting this study, survey questionnaire is the main

instrument in gathering data of the study.

The researcher prepare a sample survey questionnaire derived from the theoretical

framework of the study and present it to the research adviser for comments and

suggestion that would make the questionnaire acceptable to the respondents.

Locale of the Study

This study will be conducted on the public transport drivers, such as ; jeeney drivers, van

drivers, multicab drivers and others that residence of Cotabato City.

Respondents of the Study

18
The respondents of the study will be 15 drivers that belong to the area of Cotabato City.

Sampling Technique

Non-random formula is use in determining the sample respondents of the study.

Furthermore, total complete enumeration will be use as a sampling technique for the

drivers in Cotabato City.

Research Instument

To provide and gather as much informative and relative evaluation descriptive method

will use. This method includes questionnaire and interviews. The tools use by the

researcher are discuss. The questionnaire is use as the main data -gathering instrument

for that day. It is divided into two main sectors: the profile and the questionnaire

proper. The profile contains socio-demographic characteristics of respondents such as

name, age, gender, civil status, religion and route of drivers.

Data Gathering

A 30 pieces of survey questionnaire will be distributed to the respondents that willing to

answer the questionnaire about the impact of Covid - 19 on the livelihood of public

19
transport drivers in Cotabato City.The respondenta will be given a time to answer the

questionnaire and it will be retrieve by the researcher. A random interview will be done

to validate the perception of the respondents and also observation will be conducted.

Statistical Tool for Analysis

Frequency Percentage and Mean will be use in describing the impact of Covid-19

pandemic on the livelihood of public transport drivers in Cotabato City.

Person Product Moment will be use in the Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the

livelihood of Public transport drivers in Cotabato City.

The cut-off points in describing the Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the livelihood of

Public transport drivers in Cotabato City will be the following:

4 - Strongly Agreed

3 - Agree

2 - Moderately Dis Agree

1 - Strongly Dis Agree

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

20
This chapter deals with the resentation and discussion of analysis and interpretation of

findings.

Table I shows the socio-demographic of the respondents in terms of age, gender, tribe

and educational attainment. It was revealed in the table that in terms of age of the

respondents, the age 18 to 24 has the lowest frequency of 2 and a percent of 13.3.

Second is the 25 to 34 has the highest frequency of 7 and a percent of 46.7. Lastly, the

age 35 to 44 with a frequency of 6 and a percent of 40. Majority of the respondents of

this study are male, that has a frequency of 15 and a total percent of 100. In terms of

tribe of the respondents, most of the respondents are Maguindanaon that has a

frequency of 15 and a percent of 100. In Educational Attainment of the Respondents,

the Primary level has the frequency of 5 and a percent of 33.3. While the Tertiary level

has the highest frequency of 10 and a percent of 66.7.

See the table to the next page.

21
 Table I

SOCIO- DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

N=15

SOCIO- DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1. 18-24 2 13.3%
2. 25-30
3. 35-44 7 46.7%

6 40%

Total N=15 100%

Gender

1. Male 15 100%

Total N=15 100%

Tribe

1. Maguindanaon 15 100%
2. Iranon
0 0%

Total N=15 100%

Educational Attainment

1. Primary Level 5 33.3%

Total N=15 100%

Table II

22
 N=15

A. QUARANTINES

STATEMENTS MEAN DESCRIPTION

Q1. It gives bad impact on the livelihood of the jeepney 3.53 Strongly Agree
drivers

Q2. It decreases your daily earnings as a Public Transport 3.53 Strongly Agree
Driver

Q3. It limits your work hour as a Public Transport Driver 3.53 Strongly Agree

Q4. It helps to prevent the spread of virus from other 3.40 Agree
places

Q5. It helps you to observe health protocols to prevent the 3.60 Strongly Agree
virus

Grand Mean 3.52 Strongly Agree

LEGEND:
4 - 3. 5 - 4. 49 Strongly Agree
3 - 2. 5 - 3. 49 Agree
2 - 1. 5- 2. 49 Moderately Agree
1 - 1. 0- 1. 49 Strongly Dis Agree

The table II shows the effect of COVID 19 pandemic of the livelihood of Public Transport

Drivers in cotabato city in terms of Quaratines which has a grand mean of 3.52 and has

a description of Strongly Agree. The first statement " It gives bad impact on the

livelihood of the jeepney drivers" got a mean of 3.53 and has a description of equivalent

to Strongly Agree. The second statement " It decreases your daily earnings as a Public

23
Transport Driver" got a mean of 3.53 with a description equivalent to Strongly

Agree.The third statement " It limits your work hours as a Public Transport Drivers " got

a mean of 3.53 with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The fourth statement "

It helps to prevent the spread of virus from other places" got a mean of 3.40 which is

the lowest among the all statement with a description equivalent to Agree. The last

sttement "It helps you to observe health protocols to prevent the virus" got a mean of

3.60 which is the highest among all the statement with a description equivalent to

Strongly Agree.

Table III

N=15

B. SOCIAL DISTANCING

24
 STATEMENTS MEAN DESCRIPTION

Q1. Social Distancing decreases your daily earnings as a 3.33 Agree

Q2. You are afraid to interact to others due to this virus 3.60 Strongly Agree

Q3. It prevents crowds of people at non - essential 3.60 Strongly Agree

Q4. It helps to prevent the transmission of this virus 3.47 Agree

Q5. It limits social gatherings in the City that affect your 3.47 Agree
social interaction to other people

Grand Mean 3.49 Agree

LEGEND:
4 - 3. 5 - 4. 49 Strongly Agree
3 - 2. 5 - 3. 49 Agree
2 - 1. 5- 2. 49 Moderately Agree
1 - 1. 0- 1. 49 Strongly Dis Agree

The table III shows the Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihood of Public

Transport Drivers in Cotabato City in terms of Social Distancing. Which has a grand mean

of 3.49 with a description equivalent to Agree. The first statement "Social Distancing

decreases your daily earnings as a driver " got a mean of 3.33 which is the lowest among

all the statements with a description equivalent to Agree. The second statement " You

are afraid to interact to others due to this virus" got a amean of 3.60 with a description

equivalent to Strongly Agree. The third statement " It prevents crowds of people at non-

essential bussinesses" got a mean of 3.60 similar with statement number two. With a

description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The two statement was the highest among all

25
the statements. The fourth statement " It helps to prevent the tranission of the virus

between the passengers" got a mean of 3.47 with a description equivalent to Agree. The

last statement "It limits social gatherings in the City that affect your social interaction to

other people" got a mean of 3.47 same with statemwnt number four and has a

description equivalent to Agree.

26
 Table IV

N=15

C. No Movement Sunday

STATEMENTS MEAN DESCRIPTION

Q1. It helps the City to disinfect public places 3.60 Strongly Agree

Q2. It helps drivers to relax and rest 3.60 Strongly Agree

Q3. It helps you to bond with your family 3.60 Strongly Agree

Q4. It stops your weekend bond with your family to other 3.60 Strongly Agree
places

Q5. No Movement Sunday makes you realize the 3.47 Agree

Grand Mean 3.57 Strongly Agree

LEGEND:
4 - 3. 5 - 4. 49 Strongly Agree
3 - 2. 5 - 3. 49 Agree
2 - 1. 5- 2. 49 Moderately Agree
1 - 1. 0- 1. 49 Strongly Dis Agree

27
The table IV shows the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihood of Public

Transport Drivers in Cotabato City in terms of No Movement Sunday which has a grand

mean of 3.57 and has a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The first statement " It

helps the City to disinfect public places" got a mean of 3.60 with a description

equivalent to Strongly Agree. The second statement " It helps drivers to relax and rest"

got a mean of 3.60 with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The third statement

" It helps you to spend time with your family" got a same mean with the first and second

statement 3.60 with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The fourth statement "

It stops your weekend bond with your family to other public places" got a mean of 3.60

also, with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The last statement " No Movement

Sunday makes you realize the importance of having a quality time with your family" got

a mean of 3.47 which is the lowest among all the statements with a description

equivalent to Agree.

28
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The summary of major findings, conclusions, and recommendationare presented in this

chapter.

SUMMARY

The summary of major findings that the main problem of this study sought to in

terms of Quarantines has agrand mean of 3.52 which the description is equivalent to

Strongly Agree.

This study utilized the description method of the statement "It gives a bad impact on

the livelihood of the Jeepney Drivers" got a mean of 3.53 with a description equivalent

to Strongly Agree. This means that this pandic affect badly the livelihood of the drivers

in Cotabato City. "It decreases your daily earnings as a Public Transport Drivers" got a

mean of 3.53 with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. During the time of

Community Quarantines druvers are limited to see over the roads because of some

boarder lockdowns. Because of this, their earnings become low and decreased. The thir

statement "It limits your work hours as a Public Transport Drivers" got a mean of 3.53

with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. At the time of Enhanced Community

Quarantine the City issued a time schedule of going out in public places, where, drivers

are also included. The impact of this are, it limits their work hours. Some of them got

the morning schedule and others is in the afternoon.They are not allowed to violate that

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, or else they will face penalties. The fourth statement " It helps to prevent the spread of

virus from other places" which is the lowest among all the statements got a mean of

3.40 with a description equivalent to Agree. This statement got the lowest mean

because some of the drivers don't believe that Quarantines can't prevent the spread of

virus. Because this can affect their work to sustain for their families needs. " It helps you

to observe health protocols to prevent the virus" which is the highest among the rest

got a mean of 3.60 with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. Because of the City

Ordinances and the Quarantines during this time of pandemic, drivers is strictly

implementing or observing those health protocols to continue their works. The City

recommended them to take swab test to ensure their health, also their passengers

health.

The summary of this in terms of Social Distancing has a grand mean of 3.49 with a

description equivalent to Agree. The description method of the statement " Social

distancing decreases your daily earnings as a driver" got a mean of 3.33 which is the

lowest among the rest and it has a description equivalent to Agree. This statement got a

lowest mean because social distancing may be can't affect really bad to the drivers

although the capacity of the passengers lessen, it is because of the amount of fare.

Begore the COVID-19 the fare on Jeepneys is 8 pesos, now that social distancing is being

implemented the fare is 10 pesos. Mean, that it became higher than before. "You are

afraid to interact to others due to thisvirus" got a mean of 3.60 which has a description

equivalent to Strongly Agree. People now adays was very concious and sensitive in

terms of their social interaction to others, because they are afraid for their safety,

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specially for their children. That's why social distancing was implemented inside the

Jeepneys and other public transportations. The third statement " It prevents crowds of

people at non- essential businesses" got a mean of 3.60 same with the statement

number two which the description is equivalent to Strongly Agree. It neans that drivers

seethis as an aid for crowds of people at non-essential businesses, like the clothing

businesses.Where people or customers are not limited. That cause not just virus

transmission but also other habits that result to crimes. "It helps to prevent the

transmission of virus between the passengers" got a mean of 3.47 which has a

description equivakent to Agree. This indicator, social distancing can lessen the

transmission of the virus because of the distance and barriers of the passengers inside

the jeeepneys. The last statement " It limits social gatherings in the City that affect your

social interaction to other people" got a mean of 3.47 same with statemwnt number

four which the description is equivalent to Agree. Their are some gatherings that helps

you to boost your confident and help you to overcome your fear to interact and

socialize. Because jeepney drivers are not just drivers, some of them has a work aside

from being a driver, where they work to show their talents and intellectual capacities.

The summary of this study in terms of No Movement Sunday has a grand mean of

3.57 with a description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The description method of the

statement "It helps the City to dusinfect public places" got a mean of 3.60 which has a

description equivalent to Strongly Agree. The No Movement Sunday was implemented

by the local government of Cotabato. As one of health measures, this will help to

sanitize all public markets , places, and roads to prevent this virus. "It helps drivers to

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relax and rest" got a mean of 3.60 same with statement number one which the

description is equivalent to Strongly Agree. Drivers are agreed that No Movement

Sunday will help them to give time for their self, where they can rest and relax at

home."It helps you to spend time with your family" got a mean of 3.60 also which the

description is equivalent to Strongly Agree. This mean that drivers agreed to this,

because it will them to get more close and stregthen their relationship to their family

specially their children. The fourth statement " It stop your weekend bond with your

family to public places" got a mean of 3.60 same with the three statements, which has a

description equivalent to Strongly Agree. This mean that drivers spend most of their

weekends to public places or outside the City to bond with their families and loved ones.

The four statements got a similar means and descriptions, this mean that those are the

highest choices of the drivers on how this pandemic affect them in terms of No

Movement Sunday. The last statement " No Movement Sunday makes you realize the

importance of having a quality time with your family" got a mean of 3.47 which is the

lowest among the rest, that has a description equivalent to Agree. This means that

drivers can realize the importance of having a quality time with their family not only

Sunday but every moment of their life as a father, provider and husband.

CONCLUSION

Based on the findings, the following are the concluaions:

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According to the Table II , the statements " It gives bad impact to on livelihood of the

Jeepney drivers" , " It decreases your daily earnings as a Public Transport driver", "It

limits your work hours as a driver", "It helps to prevent the virus from other places" got

a strongly agree answer from the respondents. Where this statements said that COVID-

19 pandemic in terms of Quarantines became a hindrance to the work of the Public

Transport Drivers in Cotabato City. While the last statement " It helps you to observe

health protocols to prevent the virus " got a highest mean. Therefore, they are strongly

agree that quarantines can help to prevent the spread of virus .

The result on table II shows the impact of social distancing to the drivers. This mean

that social distancing can'tt decrease the daily earnings of the drivers. Some them see

this social distancing as an aid for over crowdings of the people and a prevention for the

fast transmission of this virus.

The result on Table IV shows positive impact of No Movement Sunday to the drivers

as well as to society. While some of them don't see this as a positive result to their

livelihood.

RECOMMENDATIONS

This following recommendations was formulated from the finding.

 Follow health protocols

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 Observe Social Distancing

 Always observe clean surroundings

 Maintain healthy lifestyle

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

 . Fiorillo A, Gorwood P. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental

health and implications for clinical practice. Eur Psychiatry (2020) 63:e32. doi:

10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35

 THE DANGER OF SOCIAL DISTANCING by KEVIN SIKALI (

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7461541/

 https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1124445

 https://www.theigc.org/blog/impact-of-covid-19-on-public-transport/

 1. Arab News. (2020, August 16). Philippine 'jeepney' drivers hit by COVID-19

crisis. https://www.arabnews.com/node/1720471/business-economy /

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349310301_The_Jeepney_Drivers_an

d_their_Lived_Experiences_During_the_COVID19_Pandemic_A_Phenomenologi

cal_Qualitative_Study_in_the_Philippines

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 CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Bai Sandra Tabua Macarimbang

Nickname : Bai/ Sandra

Birthday : April 14, 1999

Birthplace : Purok Binugit Tamontaka 1, Cotabato City

Address : Purok Binugit Tamontaka 1 , Cotabato City

Height : 5’3

Weight : 62.7 kls

Nationality : Filipino

Religion : Islam

Civil Status : Married

Email : macarimbangbaisandra@gmail.com

Mobile No. : 09534011370

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Tertiary : COTABATO STATE UNIVERSITY

Cotabato City

Secondary : NOTRE DAME VILLAGE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Cotabato City

Elementary : NOTRE DAME VILLAGE CENTRAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Cotabato City

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