Learning Grade

Mathematics 10
W1 Area
Quarter 4th
Level
Date
I. LESSON TITLE ILLUSTRATION OF MEASURES OF POSITION
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Illustrates the following measures of position: quartiles, deciles, and percentiles.
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) (M10SP – IVa – 1)
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Illustrating measures of position
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
A. Introduction (Time Frame: 20 minutes)
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to :
a) define measures of position;
b) illustrate measures of position; and
c) appreciate the use of measures of position in real life situations.

Assume you are a tourist who wishes to visit Sampaloc Lake in San Pablo City.
How will you find the lake's exact location?

GPS or Google Maps are the best ways to find it. These tools are used to identify
locations. In statistics, there are also ways on how to locate a specific value in a data.

When you were in Grade 7, you encountered one of the measures of central
tendency: the median. It is the middle number in a distribution. It can be illustrated by
using a line shown below.

median

So, if you are given the following data: 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, the middlemost value is 5. Hence, it is the median of the data. It is
important to note that the values in a data must be arranged in ascending order before looking for the median.

However, if there are two middlemost values in a data, then get the average of those numbers to get the median. For
6+7 13
example, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, the two middlemost values in the given data are 6 and 7, so the median is = = 6.5.
2 2

Aside from median, there are other measures that indicate position. Study the text below.
B. Development (Time Frame: 60 minutes)
Measures of position shows where a certain data point or value falls in a
sample or array of distribution. It can state whether a value is about the
average, or whether it is unusually high or low compared to the data as a whole.
There are a lot of measures of position, but the most common are the quartiles,
deciles, and percentiles.

1) Quartiles- are points that divide the data into four equal parts.

First Quartile (Q1) is a number such that at most one-fourth or 25 % of the data are
smaller in value than Q1 and at most three-fourths or 75% are larger than Q1. It is
also called as lower quartile.

Second Quartile (Q2) is a number such that at most one-half or 50 % of the data are
below and above in value than Q2. Second Quartile is also known as median.

Third Quartile (Q3) is a number such that at most three-fourths or 75 % of the data are
smaller in value than Q3 and at most one-fourth or 25% are larger than Q3. It
is also called as upper quartile.
Illustrative Example No. 1
Mrs. Rivera, a math teacher, conducted her first quiz for the first quarter. The top 5 students got
the following scores: 20, 13, 15, 16, 14. Illustrate 𝑄1 , 𝑄2 , and 𝑄3 of the given data.

First, arrange the numbers in ascending order in a line.

• The least value in the data is 13 and the greatest value in the data is 20.
• The middle value in the data is 15. It is the 𝑄2 .
• 𝑄1 or lower quartile is the middle value between the least value and 𝑄2 . In the example above, it is 14.
• 𝑄3 or upper quartile is the middle value between 𝑄2 and the greatest value in the data. In the example above, it is 16.

Therefore, 𝑄1 , 𝑄2 , and 𝑄3 can be illustrated as follow:

2) Deciles are the nine score points that divide the data into ten equal parts. D 1, D2, D3,…D9

Third Decile (D3) is a number such that at most 30 % of the data are smaller
in value than D3 and at most 70% are larger than D3.

Fifth Decile (D5) is a number such that at most one-half or 50 % of the data
are below and above in value than D5. It is the median of the set of
data. It is also the 𝑄2 .

Ninth Decile (D9) is a number such that at most 90 % of the data are
smaller in value than D9, and at most 10% are larger than D9.

It is important to note that 𝐷2.5 is equal to 𝑄1 and 𝐷7.5 is equal to 𝑄3 .

Illustrative Example No. 2

The local government of San Pablo City informs the public on the daily number
of CoViD-19 active cases and recoveries. It is posted in SPC Anti-Covid 19 Task Force
Facebook Page. The number of recoveries from May 3, 2021 to May 13, 2021 is as
follows:
30, 14, 23, 23, 17, 8, 15, 25, 17, 14, 22. Illustrate 𝐷3 , 𝐷5 , and 𝐷9 .

First, arrange the numbers in ascending order in a line.

• There are 11 values in the data.

• The 30% of 11 is 11(0.3) = 3.3 ≈ 3. (Note: ≈ is used to show approximation or a value is being rounded off, up, or down.)
Thus, the values 8, 14, 14 are the 30% of the data and 𝐷3 = 15.
• 𝐷5 is also the median of the data. Hence, 𝐷5 = 17.
• The 90% of 11 is 11(0.9) = 9.9 ≈ 10. Therefore, the values 8, 14, 14, 15, 17, 17, 22, 23, 23, 25 are the 90% of the data and
𝐷9 = 30.
𝐷3 , 𝐷5 , and 𝐷9 can be illustrated as shown below.

3) Percentiles are score points that divides the data into 100 equal parts. P 1, P2, P3, …P99.
The nth percentile, Pn, separates the lowest n% from the other (100-n) %.

Illustrating percentile is the same way of illustrating the decile.

IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
*30th percentile (𝑃30 ) is a number such that at most 30 % of the data are smaller in value than P 30 and at most 70% are larger
than P30.
*50th percentile (𝑃50 ) is a number such that at most one-half or 50 % of the data are below and above in value than P50. It is the
median of the set of data. It is also the 𝑄2 .
*85th percentile (𝑃85 ) is a number such that at most 85 % of the data are smaller in value than P 85 and at most 15% are larger
than P85.
C. Engagement (Time Frame: 30 minutes)
Learning Task 1: Let us choose the BEST!
Choose the best answer from the choices provided in each item.
____1. Which the following measure of position illustrates the equivalent of 2nd quartile?

____2. Vince is the fourth tallest in the group of 10. It means that 60% of the students are shorter than him. Which of the
following measures of position is being illustrated by the given situation?
A. Second Quartile C. Sixth Decile
B. Fourth Decile D. Seventy-fifth Percentile

____3. The scores of the students in their Math Quiz were: 20, 28, 23, 15, 33, 40, 35, 28, and 18. Which of the following illustrate
measures of position?

A. Q1 = 28.5 B. Q3 = 33.5 C. D3= 20 D. P45 = 25.5

____4. Which of the following statements illustrate a decile?

6(𝑛+1)
A. The value of a decile such as the 6th decile is obtained using D 6 = .
100
B. Deciles are the nine scores points that divides a distribution into ten equal parts.
C. The fifth decile is also the 5th percentile of a distribution.
D. 8th decile is also equal to 3rd quartile.

____5. Which of the following statements illustrate quartiles?

A. The first quartile separates the bottom 75% from the top 25% of the data.
B. The second quartile is the same as the 25th percentile
C. Quartiles are the four score points that divide the distribution into four parts.
D. The upper quartile is the median of the data set.

Learning Task 2: Let’s Illustrate!

During the month of February, Dr. Ortega recorded the number of CoViD-19 patients who came in of the hospital each day.
The results are as follow: 15, 11, 13, 10, 18, 6, 9, 10, 15, 11, 12. Illustrate the following:
1) 𝑄1 3) 𝐷4 5) 𝑃55
2) 𝑄3 4) 𝐷7
D. Assimilation (Time Frame: 30 minutes)
Learning Task 3: Let’s Dig Deeper.
Albert has an assignment to ask at random 10 students in their school about their ages. The data are given in the table below.
Name Age Name Age
Ana 10 Tony 11
Ira 13 Lito 14
Susan 14 Christian 13
Antonette 13 Michael 15
Gladys 15 Dennis 12
Illustrate the following: 1) 𝑄1 2) 𝑄3 3) 𝐷2
4) 𝐷6 , 5) 𝑃45 .
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
V. ASSESSMENT (Time Frame: 30 minutes)

The final exam scores of 18 students in their Math Test are 24, 58, 61, 67, 71, 73, 76, 79, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 88, 92, 93, 94,
and 97. Illustrate the following:
a. The lower quartile, Q1 d. The median
b. The upper quartile, Q3 e. Sixth Decile
c. Thirteenth Percentile
VI. REFLECTION (Time Frame: 5 minutes)
• Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.
Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance
Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in the column
for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below:
 - I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target content/ lesson.
✓ - I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform this
task.
Learning Task 1 LP Learning Task 2 LP Learning Task 3 LP Assessment LP
Number 1 Number 1 Number 1 𝑄1
Number 2 Number 2 Number 2 𝑄3
Number 3 Number 3 Number 3 𝑃13
Number 4 Number 4 Number 4 Median
Number 5 Number 5 Number 5 𝐷6

VII. REFERENCES Mathematics Learners Module Grade 10, p. 362-367

Prepared by: Abigael Faith R. Marase Checked by: MA. FILIPINA M. DRIO
MARIA LAILA R. MALOLES
CRISTINA O. HENRY P. CONTEMPLACION
ROSAS