Modal Verb: I/ Modal Verb + Bare Infinitive (In The Future, Present or Past Time) (Passive Voice: Modal Verb +be +PP)

MODAL VERB
I/ MODAL VERB + BARE INFINITIVE ( IN THE FUTURE, PRESENT or

PAST TIME )
(PASSIVE VOICE: MODAL VERB +BE +PP)
1/Ability /Availability ( Diễn tả khả năng có sẵn, khả năng tuyệt đối)
future: will be able to
present: can, am/is/are able to
past: could, was/were able to
2/ Requests ( Lời đề nghị)
present/future: can, could, will, would
3/ Permission ( Sự cho phép)
future: will be allowed to
present/future: may, can, could, am/is/are allowed to
past: could, was/were allowed to
4/ Possibility(Sự có thể xảy ra)
present/future: may, might, could
past: may have, might have, could have
5/ Impossibility(Sự không thể xảy ra)
present/future: couldn’t, can’t
past: couldn’t have
6/ Advisability(Sự khuyên nhủ)
present/future: should, ought to, had better
past: should have, ought to have, had better have
7/ Expectation(Sự mong đợi)
present/future: should, ought to
past: should have, ought to have
8/ Necessity (Sự cần thiết)
future: will have to
present/future: must, have to, has to
past: had to
9/ Lack of Necessity (Sự không cần thiết)
future: won’t have to
present/future: don’t have to, doesn’t have to
past: didn’t have to
10/ Prohibition (Sự cấm đoán)
present/future: must not, may not, cannot
past: could not
11/ Logical Deduction (=Probability) (Sự suy diễn hợp lý_Chắc chắn)
present: must, have to, has to
past: must have, have to have, has to have
II/ MODAL VERB +HAVE +PP
(PASSIVE VOICE: MODAL VERB +HAVE + BEEN +PP)
1/Must + have + PP→chắc hẳn đã(diễn tả một sự suy đoán hợp lý từ quá khứ).
2/Should + have +PP→đáng lẽ ra nên làm trong quá khứ nhưng không.
3/Could/ Might + have +PP→diễn tả một khả năng không được thực hiện trong quá khứ.
4/Needn’t + have+PP→diễn tả một sự không cần thiết thực hiện trong quá khứ.
EXERCISES:
CHOOSE THE BEST MODAL TO COMPLETE EACH OF THESE SENTENCES
1. I'm not sure. I ………… come a few minutes late.
a. may b. must c. mightn't d. needn't
2. Bring your umbrella. It ……… rain later today.
a. must b. may c. might d. b & c
3. – What are you doing this weekend \?
– I haven't decided yet. I ……….. go on a picnic with my family.
a. may b. may not c. must d. needn't
4. I think we ………… be on time for the meeting after all, so don't worry.
a. must b. need c. may d. shouldn't
5. – Do you think they will come today?
– Well, they ………. come today. But I think they'll want to look around first.
a. must b. needn't c. might d. can't
6. You ………. wash the car. I just had it done yesterday.
a. mustn't b. needn't c. might d. can't
7. "Have you seen Jack?" – "No. but he …….. be studying in the laboratory."
a. must b. should c. needn't d. may
8. It's secret. You ……….. let anyone know about it.
a. mustn't b. needn't c. mightn't d. may not
9. "I didn't have time for breakfast this morning."
"You ……….. be very hungry now"
a. might b. may c. must d. a and b
1. She ___ be ill. I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard.
a. needn't b. shouldn't c. mustn't d. can't
2. Hiking the trail to the peak ______ be dangerous if you are not well prepared for dramatic
weather
changes. You _______ research the route a little more before you attempt the ascent.
a. might / can b. may / mustn't c. can / should d. must / needn't
3. Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now.
a. needn't b. must c. has to d. should
4. He is unreliable. What he says _______ be believed.
a. cannot b. must not c. may not d. might not
5. I _______ find my own way there. You _______ wait for me.
a. should / can't b. have to / must c. can / needn't d. might/mustn't
6. I was reading the book last night before I went to bed. I never took it out of this room. It
____ be
lying around here somewhere. Where ___ it be?
a. might / needn't b. can / should c. shouldn't / may d. must / can
7. When you have a small child in the house, you ______ leave small objects lying around.
Such
objects _______ be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.
a. should / must b. should not / might c. needn't / may d. mustn't / can't
8. Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night.
a. must have left b. should have left c. must be leaving d. needn't leave
9. Jenny's engagement ring was precious! It _______ have cost a fortune.
a. must b. should c. can d. needn't
10. You __ take your umbrella along with you today. It _ rain later on this afternoon
a. ought to / mustn't b. needn't / will c. will / must d. should/might
20. I _______ be at the meeting by 10:00. I will probably _______ take a taxi if I want to be
on time.
a. must/ have to b. mustn't / shouldn't c. should / needn't d. may / must
21. You _______ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about paying on
time.
a. needn't b. mustn't c. do not have to d. may not
22. The television isn't working. It _______ during the move.
a. should have been damaged b. needn't be damaged
c. must have been damaged d. ought not be damaged
23. I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t
24. John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried b. should have tried c. can tried d. may have tried
25. _______ I borrow your lighter for a minute?
- Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you want to.
a. May / can b. Must / might c. Will / should d.Might / needn’t
26. I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize.
a. shouldn't b. needn't c. mustn't d. oughtn't to
27. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _______ exhausted after such
a long
flight now.
a. must be b. must be being c. must have been d. should have been
28. The lamp _______ be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out.
a. should not b. might not c. must not d. will not
29. It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
a. mustn't b. needn't c. mightn't d. won't
30. We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried.
a. needn't b. shouldn't c. mustn't d. mayn't
31. I _______ be at the meeting by 10:00. I will probably _______ take a taxi if I want to be
on time.
a. must/ have to b. mustn't / shouldn't c. should / needn't d. may / must
32. You _______ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about paying on
time.
a. needn't b. mustn't c. do not have to d. may not
33. The television isn't working. It _______ during the move.
a. should have been damaged b. needn't be damaged
c. must have been damaged d. ought not be damaged
34. I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t
35. John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried b. should have tried c. can tried d. may have tried

Modal Verb: I/ Modal Verb + Bare Infinitive (In The Future, Present or Past Time) (Passive Voice: Modal Verb +be +PP)

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I/ MODAL VERB + BARE INFINITIVE ( IN THE FUTURE, PRESENT or

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